근린공원 환경의 만족도가 신체활동과 건강에 미치는 영향 - 창원시 성산구와 의창구를 대상으로 -

박경훈,이우성,김태환,김은정,Park, Kyung-Hun,Lee, Woo-Sung,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Kim, Eun-Jung 한국조경학회 2014 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.42 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 경상남도 창원시를 대상으로 근린공원 환경에 대한 만족도가 신체활동과 건강증진 목적의 공원이용횟수와 체질량지수(BMI)에 의한 건강수준에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 설문조사는 창원시 성산구와 의창구 도심지역에 분포하는 8개 근린공원의 이용자와 그 주변에 거주하는 429명의 주민들을 대상으로 실시하였고, 설문분석은 근린공원 환경에 대한 만족도가 신체활동과 건강에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 일대일대응 선형회귀분석을 활용하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면, 공원을 이용하지 않는 주된 이유는 시간적 여유의 부족, 공원까지의 이동거리와 소요시간, 공원 내 이용시설의 부족 등이고, 공원을 이용하는 주된 이유는 공원까지의 접근성, 걷기 또는 산책, 휴식시설, 수목이나 그늘, 운동공간의 다양성 등으로 나타났다. 공원 이용자의 경우, 공원에서 걷기나 산책을 가장 많이 하고, 주 2회 이상 평균 10분 정도 걸어가서 1시간 정도 운동을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 공원과 그 주변의 물리적 환경 중에서 집에서 공원까지의 거리와 이동하는 가로 환경에 대한 만족도가 높았고, 공원 내 수공간이나 볼거리 등에 대한 만족도가 낮게 나타났다. 다음으로, 운동목적의 공원이용 여부, 공원이용시간, 공원이용의 만족도와 건강증진 효과, 공원까지의 거리, 따른 건강증진 효과만이 유의수준 10% 이내에서 상호관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후에도 공원의 신체활동과 건강 증진 효과에 대한 실증적 사례노약자들의 공원이용 편이성 등이 유의수준 5% 이내에서 신체활동과 건강증진 목적의 공원이용횟수에 긍정적인 영향을 보였고, 체질량지수와는 공원이용에 를 지속적으로 축적해 나갈 필요가 있으며, 이를 통해서 각종 개발용도로 전환되거나 그 면적이 축소되고 있는 도시지역의 공원 및 녹지공간을 보전 확대시켜 나가고, 신체활동 및 건강증진 장소로서의 기능을 제고하기 위한 공원계획 설계 요소를 도출하는데 근거 자료를 제공하는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of satisfaction in neighborhood park environments located in the Changwon-si of Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea, on physical activity, the number of parks used for health improvement, and health levels based on Body Mass Index(BMI). Accordingly, a survey was conducted of 429 nearby residents and users of eight neighborhood parks located in urban areas of Seongsan-gu and Uichang-gu in the Changwon-si. The correlation between the environmental perception of neighborhood parks and physical activity and health, which was observed in the survey results, was analyzed using one-by-one linear regression analysis. By summarizing the study results, it was found that the primary reasons for avoiding park use were lack of time, time and effort required to reach the park(i.e., distance from the park), and lack of facilities within the park. Conversely, the primary reasons for using the park included accessibility, walking or strolling, leisure facilities, trees or shade, and diversity in exercise areas. In the case of park users, walking or strolling was the most common activity in the park. On average, park users walked to the parks for 10 minutes and exercised for an hour at least twice per week. With respect to the physical environment of the parks and surrounding areas, park users showed a high level of satisfaction with the distance between their houses and parks and the street environment. On the contrary, they exhibited low levels of satisfaction with water spaces and sightseeing within the parks. Subsequently, it was shown that the number of people using the parks for physical activities and health improvement was positively influenced(within a 5% significance level) by the intent to use the park for exercise, time spent in the park, satisfaction with park use and health improvement, distance to the park, and the convenience of using the park for the elderly. However, only the health improvement gained from park use was found to exhibit a correlation with BMI at the 10% significance level. Continuous accumulation of practical case studies on physical activities in parks and their health improvement effects is required. Through this, park spaces that are under the threat of reduction or elimination owing to various development plans can be conserved and expanded. Furthermore, such case studies can be used to provide data as the basis for deriving park plans and designs that improve parks' functions as sites of physical activity and health improvement.

사망진단서(사체검안서) 상의 선행사인으로부터 사망통계의 원사인이 선정되는 비율 : 3개 대학병원에서 교부된 사망진단서를 중심으로

박우성,박석건,정철원,김우철,탁우택,김부연,서순원,김광환,서진숙,부유경 한국의료QA학회 2004 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Background : To exatnine the problems intolved in writing practice of death certificates, we cotnpated the determination of underlying cause of death for wital statistics using recorded underlying cause of death in issued death statistics. Methods : We collected 688 rnortality certificates issue in year of 2,000 from 3 university hospitals. And we also collected vital statistics from ministry of statistics. The causes of death were coded by experienced medical record wpecialists. And causes of death determined at ministry of statistics for national vita statistics were mapped to causes of death recorded at each death certificates. The rate that underlying causes of death for vital statistics were derived from underlying causes of death recorded at issued death certificaties sere analysed. Results : 64.5% of underlying cause of death for could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at issued death certificates, 8.6% derived from intermediate cause of death, and 3.9% derived from direct cause of death. In 23% of cases, underlying cause of death could not be derived using issued death certificates. The rate that underlying cause of death for vital statistics could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at death certificates was different between 3 university hospitals. Ane the rate was also different between death certificates and postmortem certificates. We classified the causes of death using 21 major categories. The rate was different between diseases or conditions tha caused death too. Conclusion : When we examined the correctness of death certificate writing practice using abpve methods, cortectness of writing could not be told as satisfactory. There was difference in correctness of writing between hospotals, between death certificates and postmortem certificates, and between diseases and conditions that caused death. With this results, we suggested some strategy to improve the correctness of death certificate writing practice.

Correction to: Simulation of Counter-Rotating Vortex Pairs on a Triangular-Flapped Wing with Flap-Tip Free Vortex Modeling

Woo-Ram Kang,Se Hwan Park,이덕주 한국항공우주학회 2018 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.19 No.4

The article “Simulation of Counter-Rotating Vortex Pairs on a Triangular-Flapped Wing with Flap-Tip Free Vortex Modeling”, written by Woo-Ram Kang, Se Hwan Park and Duck-Joo Lee, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 08 September 2018 with open access. With the author(s)’ decision to step back from Open Choice, the copyright of the article changed on 24 October 2018 to © The Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of copyright. The original article has been corrected.

의약품의 효능별 안전성·유효성 평가에 관한 조사연구(Ⅰ) : 항균제 Antiboiotics

박윤주,최기환,김동섭,박인숙,정면우,임화경,오우용,강주희,박찬웅,김주일 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

새로운 물질이 개발되어 신약으로 탄생하기까지 많은 시간과 노력, 예산이 필요하다. 최근, 우리 나라에서도, 신약캐발이 어릴고 힘든 분야이지만 새로운 신약개발을 총해 얻어지는 분가가치가 막대함을 인식, 연구에 박차를 가하 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는, 의약품 개발 선진국인 미국 FDA에서 발행하는 참고자료 중 항균제 임상편가에 대한 가이드라인 및 주요 임상적응증별 항균제 기발(지역사획회득성 폐렴, 원내감염성 계렴, 급성기관지염의 2차세균감염, 만성기지염의 급성세균성 악화, 연쇄구균에 의한 인두영 및 편도염 , 단순성 요로감염증, 복합성 요로감염증 및 신우신영, 급성 세균성 부비동옆, 항 바이러스제 개발시 전임상단계에서 고려사항, 항 바이러스제 허가와 된련 잉상적 고려사항, 카레타 괸련 혈류감염)에 있어서의 파이드라인 등의 자료를 소개함으로져, 향후 제약사의 항균제 신약개발 및 허가 신청된 의악품의 전임상차료 및 잉상시험자료의 검토 평가업무에 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Changing or unclear interpretations of clinical trial data needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of antimicrobial drug products have a times led to confusion and frustration on the part of both applicants and division of these drug products reviewers. The FDA published guidance on desing clinical protocols, implementing, and analyzing data from clinical trials for antimicrobial drug products has been presented and additional companion guidances introduced specific issues to individual infections. This document provides applicants and reviewers with minimal information appropriate for the clinical development of routine antimicrobial drug products and identifies issues common to many antimicrobial drug applications. The agency can use the kind of information to determine whether the antimicrobial drug product under study is safe and effective in the treatment of the specific infection studied.

도시공원에 있어서 공원적 수목원 조성 방안에 관한 연구 : 목포시 유달산 도시자연공원을 사례지역으로 A Case for Urban Natural Park of Yudal-San in Mokpo City

조영환,우창호,곽행구,박송희 木浦大學校 沿岸環境硏究所 1996 沿岸環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

This study aims is suggested a development methods of reasonable for security to identity of urban park which supplement to demerits of urban natural park and arboretum. Park orinted arboretum had characteristic not only enjoyment but learned to use all facility of park and exhibition at the same time to function of scientific research, education and park. Case study is conducted on the YU DAL SAN in Mok po city.

내사시에서 양안 내직근후전술 시 기능적적도부 및 팍스의 수술양을 고려한 군 간 수술성적비교

강병완,박상우,윤경철,허환,Byung Wan Kang,MD,Sang Woo Park,MD,PhD,Kyung Chul Yoon,MD,PhD,Hwan Heo,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2012 대한안과학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes of functional equator-considering and Parks’ methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia. Methods: The medical records of 96 patients with infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia who underwent bilateral medial rectus muscle recession by functional equator-considering and Parks’ methods were reviewed retrospectively. The surgery success rate at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months was compared by the deviation angle measurement. Results: Overall success rates were not statistically different between the 2 groups. Additionally, there were no differences in surgical success rate of functional equator-considering and Parks’ methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia. When the patients were divided into 2 groups based on 40 PD, no significant difference in success rate between the 2 groups was observed. When patients were divided into 2 groups based on 22 mm of axial length, there was no statistical difference observed. Postoperative overcorrection was 2 (4%) in the functional equator group and 3 (6.5%) in Parks’ method group and postoperative undercorrection was 9 (18%, 19.6%) in each group. The incidence of undercorrection in the Parks’ method group was significantly higher in the greater than 22 mm axial length group (7, 35.0%) than in the less than 22 mm group (2, 7.7%) (p = 0.029). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in surgical success rate between the functional equator and Parks’ methods in infantile esotropia and partially accommodative esotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2012;53(1):138-144

윤곽선 추출 및 부영상 분할을 이용한 프랙탈 영상 압축에 관한 연구

박철우,최환언,조철효,김순백,김두영 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1995 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.3 No.1

This paper suggests the method to shorten the search area by using edge detection and subimage partition. For the purpose reduce encoding time, The Domain areas are reduced 1/64 by partitioning original image to subimage, and classified them into edge area and shade area to that detect only the area in the same class. for achieving an encoding with good fidelity, tried to differ the search method as the threshold value of edge which is included in subimage, and compared the compression rate and fidelity when set the size of range block as 4×4 and 8×8.

결절성 경화증 2 예

박용원,박우성,김성환 인제대학교 1986 仁濟醫學 Vol.7 No.1

We experienced two cases of tuberous sclerosis diagnosed by typical clinical manifestations and brain CT scan. One case showed only skin manifestation without mental retardation and seizure in 7 years old girl, and the other, diagnosed early, showed depigmented spots and seizure in 2-months old female. We presented two cases with the brief review of literatures.

디지털 워터마킹을 이용한 영상 정보 보호 시스템

박정빈,정성환,이우선 國立 昌原大學校 精報通信硏究所 1999 精報通信論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Recently, with advance in computer network and multimedia technology, digital media is rapidly proliferating, and digital copy has been widely practiced. So an efficient technology for the protection of intellectual property is required. Watermark techniques effectively protect the intellectual property for multimedia data, and can prevent an unauthorized person from copying the multimedia data. In this paper, we propose a watermarking scheme to hide watermark information in low-frequency and high-frequency of wavelet transform. Experimental results show that the proposed watermark scheme is robust to several distortions including Gaussian noise and filtering, compression and contrast at different qualities.

불량행위 청소년을 중심으로 한 학교폭력 가해자의 사회인구학적 특성 및 정신병리(V)

박지도,최현경,장우성,조동환,김정기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 이 연구는 불량행위 청소년군과 학생군을 대상으로 학교내외에서 행하는 폭력행동의 특징을 알아보고 특히 가해자의 정신병리와 청소년의 폭력행동과의 관계를 알아봄으로써 학교폭력의 이해와 대처방법 그리고 예방프로그램의 수립에 도움이 되고자 한다. 방 법 : 불량행위 청소년(청소년 선도프로그램인 BBS참석자) 남자 331명과 남자 중고등학교생 394명을 폭력의 유형을 괴롭힘, 금품갈취, 신체적 폭력, 언어적 폭력, 위협 등의 5가지 유형으로 나눈 설문문항을 바탕으로 각 경우의 경험빈도를 5점 척도로 하여 각 문항에서 3점 이상을 가해자군으로 분류하였으며 설문지를 통한 조사와 정신병리의 측정도구로서 한국판 아동-청소년 문제행동 평가 척도표(CBCL : Child Behavior Checklist, 청소년용)및 청소년의 자기개념을 알아보기 위해 한국판 피어스-해리스 소아 자기 개념척도(Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale, Piers, 1984, 이하 자기개념척도)를 적용하였으며 Chi-square test, T-test, 그리고 Two-way ANOVA를 사용하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 사회 인구학적 특성에서는 대부분의 요인에서 불량행위군과 학생군 그리고 가해자군과 비가해군간에 차이는 보이지 않았으나 흡연과 음주하는 비율이 불량행위군과 학생군 두 군 모두 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 의미있게 높게 나타났다. 부모의 부부싸움 빈도는 불량행위군에서는 가해자와 비가해자군간에 차이를 보이지 않았으나 학생군에서는 가해자군에서 종종 싸운다는 비율이 의미있게 높게 나타났다. 학교생활에서는 성적이나 교우관계에서는 두 군 사이와 가해여부에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았으며 성적은 불량행위군이 학생군에 비해 낮은 반면 가해여부에 따라서는 차이가 없었다. 하지만 학생군에서는 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 성적이 낮았으며 만화방을 이용하는 빈도도 가해자군에서 높게 나타났다. 폭력물 시청 시 느낌은 불량행위군과 학생군 모두에게서 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 흥분된다는 비율이 높게 나타났다. CBCL(Child Behavior Checklist)척도는 불량행위군의 경우 비행, 공격성, 외현화, 사회성 척도가 학생군에 비해 유의하게 높았고 위축, 사회적 미성숙, 사고문제, 주의집중, 내재화 척도는 학생군에서 불량행위군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 전체 대상군을 가해자군과 비가해자군으로 나누어 비교하였을 때 신체증상, 사고문제, 주의집중, 비행, 공격성, 내재화, 외현화척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며 군과 가해여부의 상호작용효과 검증결과에서는 유의한 상호작용을 보이는 척도는 없었으나 각 집단의 모든 척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 높은 점수를 보여주었으며 불량행위군의 경우 가해자군일수록 비행, 공격성, 외현화 척도가 높아지는 경향을 보였으며 학생군의 경우에서도 마찬가지로 비행, 공격성, 외현화 척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 높게 나타났다. 자기개념 척도는 불량행위군의 경우 행동, 지적학업척도에서 학생군에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났으며 불안, 인기척도는 학생군에서 불량행위군보다 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 전체 대상군을 가해자군과 비가해자군으로 나누어 비교하였을 때 행동, 지적학업척도는 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 점수를 보여주었으며 각 군과 가해여부의 상호작용검증결과에서는 유의한 상호작용효과를 보인 것은 없었으나 두 군 모두 행동척도가 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 낮은 경향을 보여주었다. 결 론 : 불량행위군과 학생군에서의 폭력가해자는 사회인구학적 변인에서는 비가해자와 유사한 특징을 가지나 각자의 내재된 심리상태와 정신병리에 따라 폭력 영상물과 음주 흡연의 가능성증가 그리고 가정에서의 폭력의 학습 등 주변의 위해 요인에 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 생각된다. 이에 학교폭력에 대한 대책수립 시 결과에만 초점을 맞춘 처벌 위주의 방식에서 벗어나 이들이 가진 심리적 특징과 정신병리를 이해하고 그에 따른 예방적인 대책수립이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of school violence, self concept, psychopathology and psychosocial characteristics of male aldolescent delinquency doing school violence. And we hoped to use this result as basic material for prevention of school violence through comparison of those of students group. Method : We surveyed 725 male adolescents including 331 deliquents from educational program called "Big Brothers and Sister" in Pusan. We used self-reporting questionnaire composed of demographic data and attitude to violence. In order to investigate the psychopathology and self-concept, we used Child Behavior Check List, Youth edit, Korean version(CBCL) and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square, t-test, two-way ANOVA. Result : The results show that in most demographic and psychosocial factor including age, education, socio-economic condition, religion and relationship with friends, there was no significant difference between delinquent and student group. And there was no significant difference between bully and non-bully in both group. The frequency of alcohol drinking and smoking were higher in bullying groups. For the feeling of watching violent mass-media, bullying delinquents reported more excited state than non-bullying delinquents in both group. On results of CBCL, subscales of delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problem, social scale in delinquent group were higher than those in student group. Subscale of somatic complaints, thought problem, attention problem, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problem, and externalizing problem in bullying group were higher than those in nonbullying group. In both delinquent and student group, subscale of delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, and externalizing problem in bullying group were significantly higher than those in nonbully group. In the results of self-concept scale, subscales of behavior, intellectual and school status in delinquent group were lower than those in student group. Subscale of somatic complaints, thought problem, attention problem, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problem, and externalizing problem in bullying group were higher than those in nonbully group Conclusion : In both delinquent and student groups, most psychosocial factors in bully group were not significantly different with those in nonbully group. Bully group was more influenced by internal psychic state, psychopathology and environmental factor than nonbully group.