2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

Coating을 시행한 뇌동맥류 파열환자의 예후

박종혁,석종식,목진호,박관,김영백,민병국,황성남,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.6

In rare occasions in which aneurysmal neck clipping is nearly impossible, coating is employed. During the period from 1985 to 1992, 312 patients with aneurysm underwent surgery ; aneurysmal neck clipping were performed in 284 cases while coating only in 28. The reasons that coating was required were ; wide and broad neck in 13, perforators arising from the neck in 4, neck tearing during dissection in 3, very friable neck in 2, severe adhesion with surrounding structures in 3, and small aneurysm without enough room for clipping in 3. In twenty-three cases, cotton wisp and bioglue were used as coating materials. In another five cases, the aneurysmal wall was reinforced using Surgicel or Gelfoam. Patients were followed for 24 months on average of all the patients. Four had last contact Six died(4 due to rebleeding and 2 due to pneumonia). Fourteen were good and 4 were moderately disabled. There were no rebleeding incidences during first three months' follow-up after coating. We thus concluded that coating an aneurysm offers some protection from rebleeding, particularly when the rebleeding risk period is over.

나사와 강선을 이용한 하악골 각부 골절의 내고정술

박성규,백세민,정성훈 大韓成形外科學會 1995 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.22 No.1

In the treatment of mandibular angle fracture, the accurate reduction and secure immobilization are essential especially due to different direction of power of the anterior and posterior muscle group of the mandible. For immobilization, various kinds of internal fixation technique have been deviced, but they have its own limitations. The author performed the screw and wire fixation technique through transoral incision and with percutaneous fixation in 7 cases. Its main advantages are rigid fixation without external approach and less possibility of error due to simultaneous reduction and fixation with wiring. Besides, this technique is very simple and easy technique if accustomed to percutaneous fixation technique.

도시지역 사무실내 공기 중 환경담배연기의 측정 : 흡연이 부유먼지 농도에 미치는 영향을 중심으로 Focusing on the Impact of Smoking on the Concentrations of Suspended Particles

백성옥,박상곤 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6

This study was earned out to evaluate non-smoker's exposure levels to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the air of offices in urban areas A total of 65 offices were selected from two large cities, I e Daegu and DaeJeon The held sampling was conducted repeatedly In summer (1999) and winter (1999~2000). The measured ETS makers included respirable suspended particles (RSP as PM40), vapor and particulate phase ETS markers, including nicotine, 3-ethnyl pyridine (3-EP), ultraviolet absorbing particulate matter (UVPM), fluorescing particulate matter (FPM), and solanseol in ETS particles (SoIPM) RSP was measured gravimetrically by a microbalance The particle samples were then used for the determination of particulate ETS markers by HPLC, while vapor phase markers determined by GC/NPD The analytical methods were validated for repeatability, linearity, detection limits, and duplication precision The concentrations of RSP and other ETS markers were significantly higher in smoking offices than non-smoking offices Despite the similar smoking strength in each office for different seasons, the concentration levels of ETS components appeared to be higher in winter than summer. The contributions of ETS to RSP concentrations based on SoIPM, FPM, and UVPM methods were estimated to be In the range of 15.2~25.3% in smoking offices, whereas 2.4~15.9% in non-smoking offices The cooling and heating types did not affect significantly the concentrations of RSP and other ETS markers Finally, further research issues were suggested to obtain more scientific information on the non-smoker's exposure to ETS with respect to the frame of risk assessment

都市 大氣汚染 豫報 모델링을 위한 固有벡터方法의 適用

朴玉鉉,白成玉 東亞大學校 大學院 1982 大學院論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In this paper, the authors applied eigenvector method in order to predict atmospheric pollution level in large city, using SO₂ data collected during June ~ August, 1976, from 16 stations around Sydeny where terrain is relatively flat. Meteorological parameters significantly influencing on the variation of engenvector coefficients corresponding to predictors were examined and the validity test of the method as a citywide atmospheric pollution predicting tool was performed.

인도의 토지개혁과 농민운동

박종수,백좌흠,장상환 서울대학교 국제지역원 1995 국제지역연구 Vol.4 No.4

이 연구는 독립 후 인도 토지개혁의 전개와 이에 따른 농민운동을 중심으로 한 사회 경제적 구조변화를 밝혀내는 것을 주요한 목적으로 한다. 독립 후 인도 정부가 시시했던 농업 계획과 시책은 크게 다음의 세 가지 범주로 분류할 수 있다. 즉 ① 토지개혁, 농업협동조합의 확충, 유통기구의 개선, 제도 금융의 증강 및 이자 규제 등의 제도 개혁 ② 비료, 개량종가 공급 및 관개, 개간 사업 실시를 통한 효율적 재배방법의 보급 및 개량 농법의 도입 ③ 농산물 지지가격, 작물보험, 수입제한, 보조금 지급 등 경제적 인센티브 제공이 그것이다. 토지개혁은 독립전에 이미 국민회의당(National Congress Party)의 기정 방침이었기 때문에 독립 직후부터 '토지를 경작자에게'(Land to Tillers) 제도의 폐지, 소작제도의 개혁, 토지보유의 제한과 초과토지의 재분배를 내용으로 하고 있다. 이중 자민다리제도의 폐지와 소작제도의 개혁은 1950년대 말가지 시행되었고 토지보유의 제한과 초과 보유지 재분배조치는 50년대 말까지 입버을 완료하고 60년대 초 이후 시행되었다. 그러나 실제 각주의 토지개혁법에서 폐지되었던 것은 지주제가 아니고 바로 자미다리제도 및 라이야트와리(Ryotwari)제도 였으며, 따라서 새롭게 창설되었던 제도도 '본질적 의미'의 자작농제도(自作農制度)가 아닌 '광의의 경작개념'에 기초한 자작농제라고 할 수 있다. 그 결과 지주제도의 폐지는 실패했으며 자민다리 지주의 대규모 '자경지'(自耕地)소유가 인정되었다. 자경 용도의 소작지 취득이 합법화되었으며 결국 토지보유의 최고 한도가 높은 수준으로 설정되었던 것이다. 이렇게 토지개혁에 의해서 창출되었던 자경 농업은 협의 의 자작농 즉, 농민적 토지소유에 기초한 소농경영뿐만 아니라 주로 농업노동자를 고용하고 소유토지를 임대하는 부농경영(富農經營)도 포함했던 것이다. 결국 독립직후 시작된 인도의 토지개혁은 당초 계획과는 달리 기생적인 자민다리 지주층이나 농촌 고리대업자의 경영지주화 혹은 부농경영으로의 전화를 촉진한 반면 영세 소작농이나 농업노동자는 더욱 몰락하게 되었다. 본 연구는 모두 5개의 장으로 이루어 진다. 머리말에 이어 2장에서는 토지개혁의 주요한 촉발요인으로 작용한 인도 농민운동의 전개과정을 요약하고 이에 따른 사회경제적 구조변화를 밝힌다. 3장에서는 구체적인 토지개혁의 내용과 수행과정을 밝히고 4장에서는 토지개혁의 불철저와 녹색혁명으로 인한 분배적 불평등요인 등에 의해 야기된 1950년대 이후의 농민운동을 개관해 보고 마지막으로 5장에서 전체의 내용을 요약한 후 마무리하기로 한다. Changes in agrarian structure can occur in either of the two ways; (1) as a result of the spontaneous operation of socio-economic processes, and (2) as a result of direct intervention are characterised as land reforms. The need for direct intervention in the form of land reforms emanated in India from the exploitative nature of the land tenure system prevailing during the pre - independence period. It was basically to stop the exploitation of the actual tillers of the soil and pass on the ownership of land to them that land reforms were introduced in the post-independence period in India. Measures contemplated to achieve the objectives were abolition of intermediaries, tenancy reforms, reorganization of agriculture. Here, tenancy reforms included following set of measures: regulation of rent, security of tenure, ownership right for tenants. And the reorganization of agriculture included the following policies: redistribution of land, consolidation of holdings, cooperative farming. But land reforms in India have trailed miserably because of snags in legislation, lack of political will, and apathy of the bureaucracy, and so on. Narrowly defined, the Green Revolution is the rapid growth in the Third World grain output associated with the introduction of a new package of tropical agricultural inputs. The package consists essentially of a combination of improved grain varieties, mainly rice and wheat, heavy fertilizer usage and carefully controlled irrigation the new varieties usually yield no more and sometimes less than traditional strains. As a result, disparities between rich farmers and poor farmers grew as only the farmer were capable of adopting it. The most important effects of the Green Revolution on political tensions might be grouped into four categories: intensified regional conflict, changes in the form of rural class struggle, the growth of an urban lumpen, and the speedup of changes. In these context, this paper highlights the agrarian reforms and socio-economic changes of India after Independence.

스트론튬이 도프된 페로브스카이트 La_1-x Sr_xCoO_3의 환원 반응

박일현,이형표,백성현 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 論文集 Vol.39 No.2

Sr-doped lanthanum cobalt oxides having perovskite structure, La_1-xSr_xCoO_3 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6), were prepared in air at 1000℃ by ordinary solid state reactions and their physicochemical properties including particle morphology, non-stoichiometry, stability and reducibility were characterized by the use of TPR, XRD and SEM techniques. Particle size is not considerably affected by impurity dopant (Sr^2+ ion) but reduction behaviors and thermal stability were markedly varied according to the amounts of Sr (various x values). All these perovskites have oxygen deficient structure as follows. LaCoO_2.94, La_0.8Sr_0.2CoO_2.94, La_0.6Sr_0.4CoO_2.88, La_0.4Sr_0.6CoO_2.83. Finally, kinetics of reduction on each stage was discussed using well-established reduction models and kinetic parameters, activation energy and preexponential term, were evaluated from the optimum reaction model.

Eigenvector 方法을 利用한 都市大氣汚染의 Pattern에 관한 硏究

朴玉鉉,白成玉 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1981 硏究報告 Vol.5 No.1

Patterns of sulfur dioxide concentrations in Sydney, Australia, where terrain is flat and open, are derived from mean 24 hour SO₂ concentrations collected at 16 locations for 30 days in June, 1976, by using eigenvector method and are related to meteorological parameters.

가정 실천 학습(Home Project)활동 방안의 개발 적용을 통한 기초기능 신장

박성백,강해영 晋州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 1993 初等敎育硏究 Vol.3 No.-

X-밴드 마이크로스트립 안테나 특성 고찰

朴成敎,朴鍾伯 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1996 生産技術硏究 Vol.18 No.1

In this study 45 X-band rectangular microstrip patch antennas over 7-15 GHz fed by microstrip line using λ/4 transformer were fabricated on teflon substrates with low · high permittivities and various thickness (substrate thickness : 0.6 ~ 2.4 mm, permittivities: 2.15 ~ 10.0 ), and effects of permittivity and electrical thickness on antenna characteristics were studied with measured return loss(1/S₁₁) and resonant frequencies. When substrate electrical thickness was greater than 0.060 λo return loss was very good and generally more than 20 dB, but resonance characteristics was somewhat unstable. The more than 0.088 λo the thickness was, the more unstable it was. As a result, in the rest range except 12, 13 GHz we had very good measured return loss with greater than 20 dB, and in the range 7 to 9 GHz resonant frequencies were within ±2 % error, on εr=5.0, height=2.4 mm substrate.