산계령 일대의 분수계와 지형 경관 분석

이민부,한주엽 한국 지리·환경 교육학회 1999 한국지리환경교육학회지 Vol.7 No.1

This work concerns with the drainage patterns in the karst region and aims to establish the divide line between two tributaries where stream piracy and the limestone solution are now recognized as greatly active. The divide is delineated from (1) the analysis of lineament on the landform, (2) the analysis of rock bedding, jointing and fractures, and (3) the linear pattern analysis and mapping of karst geomorphic elements like dolines and cockpits in the field survey and from the previous studies. Both the overland flow and the ground water flow are connected as the drainage system of the karst region. Assuming the water flows on to the sea-level, the main divide of mountain system can be drawn from the geomorphic divide and the phreatic divide concepts. The drainage patterns of the ground water are reflective of the fractures and strata of the rocks and the structural arrangements. The linearly distributed geomorphic elements of the karst region like sinkholes, dolines, cockpits can be viewed as the linear drainage patterns of the ground water. In San-Gae-Ryung karst region of the mid of Tae-Baek mountain system in Korea, the main geomorphic divide line differs from the administrative boundary line which defines the boundaries of ecoregions of the slip-face intermontane region to the east and the high flat region to the west. The geomorphic divide of the San-Gae-Ryung region is actually located to the south of the administrative boundaries according to the divide by connecting the highest points of the mountain system. The ground water of the independent karst drainage is considered to flow northward into the tributary of Joo-Soo river toward the East Sea. The movement of the geomorphic divide will happen in the future because the headward erosion of the tributary of Im-Gae river, one of tributaries of Han river, acts primarily on the deeply weathered southern slope of the main divide line. But the solution or collapse events of limestones under the northern divide of the independent drainages may offset the drainage direction change of main ground water flow by the headward erosion on the southern divide line and will keep the divide of the San-Gae-Ryung region. More quantitative analyses of solution rates and headward erosion rates on the slopes are needed to estimate the development of the divide in the future.

대도시 생활지역의 환경교육 사례 연구

이민부,한주엽,장의선 한국지리환경교육학회 2002 한국지리환경교육학회지 Vol.10 No.1

대도시 내의 생활지역과 같은 여러 소지역의 자연 및 인공환경을 이해하는 작업은 각 생활지역별 또는 도시 전체범위로 발생하는 환경문제에 대한 올바른 개념형성과 의사결정을 위하여 반드시 이루어져야 한다. 선행 문헌연구와 경관분석은 지역 환경교육 내용을 구성하고, 그의 교수-학습을 위한 주요 접근법이다. 또한 생활지역과 인근지역의 환경요소들은 효과적인 환경교육의 학습자료 및 내용으로 구성 될 수 있다. 현재의 있는 그대로의 지역 환경경관을 관찰하는 것이 도시의 환경교육 내용을 구성하는 데에서 중요하다. 지역 환경교육의 내용과 조사범위 지정, 주요 환경지표를 위한 교수활동은 조사지역에 대한 선행연구 분석, 경관분석에서 교사의 역할이 매우 큰 비중을 차지한다는 것을 뜻한다. 부산광역시의 좌천동·수정동·초량동 일대에 대한 환경학습 사례에서는 교사의 연구에 의한 학습자료의 구성과 제시가 학습자활동을 효과적으로 활성화시킬 수 있다는 관점 하에 구성하였다. 이러한 사례는 어느 특정 지역의 교사가 지역 간 교사들의 모임이나 학술활동을 통하여 다른 지역의 환경 정보를 얻으며 풍부한 환경교육의 자료로 이용할 수 있는 발판이 된다. Understanding of the natural and artificial environments of the living areas in the metropolitan region must be worked out for the right conception-building and decision-making about the environmental issues in their local living area together with the city as a whole. Bibliographical regional studies and landscape analyses are important in constructing and learning contents of the regional and environmental education. The environmental elements of living area and its neighboring area can be fieldsurveyed a nd mapped for the learning materials. The present environmental state of the region’s landscape is important in the construction of the city’s environmental contents. The study of previous works and landscape analysis on the study area are rather the teacher’s job for setting up the range and content of the regional environmental education and presenting major environmental indices to the student. As in a case of Jowacheon, Sujeong and Choryang-dong of Busan metropolitan city, just field work on the natural and artificial landscapes reveals many regional and environmental phenomena. For approaches to more materials of case studies, the teacher in local school has to collect other regions’ environmental informations through meetings for local teachers and academic activities.

삽접법을 이용한 기계접목 메카니즘 연구

김주엽,이기명,박규식 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 1997 慶北大農學誌 Vol.15 No.-

과채류의 재배에 있어서 접목은 작물의 안정적인 생산과 품질 향상을 위해 없어서는 안되는 기술이다. 그러나 지속적인 숙련 노동력의 감소와 농촌 인구 노령화 등으로 나타나는 노동력 부족 현상은 접목묘의 대량생산 공급에 어려움이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기계접목에 있어서 접목법이 간단하며 접합부자재가 불필요한 삽접법을 이용하는 기계접목 메카니즘 개발의 기초연구를 수행하였다. 트레이상의 육묘상태에서 자동으로 접목하기 위한 기계접목의 기초연구로써 1본씩 수동 공급하는 반자동 기계삽접의 메카니즘 개발에 관한 연구로서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 접합부자재를 사용하지 않고 대부분 과채류에 적용가능한 삽접 기계접목장치의 메카니즘을 구성하였다. 2. 오이를 접수로 하고 신토좌와 흑종을 대목으로 하는 기계접목시험에서 모두 98%의 접목성공율을 나타냈다. 3. 1본 수동 공급에 의한 기계접목 시스템을 10초 정도로 접목 성능은 저조하지만 기계접목 메카니즘의 가능성을 확인하였다. Grafting is an important skill for the stable supply and production of high quality. However, the shortage of skillful labor has become great difficulty for a mass production of grafting-seedling. In this study, a suitable mechanism for a grafting machine was developed. The following summarize the results of this study: 1. An insertion method was selected for mechanism of the grafting machine without bonding agent, clip, pin. This insertion-grafting method can be applicable to general vegetables and a mass production system. In addition to, this method is suitable for developing the grafting mechanism. 2. Growing point was removed while remaining both cotyledons on rootstock. The productivity of this system was five fold greater than the one of an experienced labor. 3. The rootstock processing was placed on left and scion processing unit was placed on right of the system, then processed rootstock and scion graft by rotating 180˚. 4. The efficiency tests on mechanical grafting rate showed 98%.

외측 도달법에 의한 원위 상완골 간부 골절의 수술적 치료

이승구,이주엽,서유준,이준호,안농겸 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

수부의 외상성 중수지 관절 탈구의 치료

이승구,송석환,이주엽,문창윤,오재찬 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 수부의 중수지 관절 탈구의 관혈적 정복이 필요했던 예에서는 정복을 방해하는 구조물에 대해 분석하고 도수 정복이 가능했던 예에서는 성별 및 탈구 형태에 따른 특성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 총 27예의 수부 중수지 관절 탁구 환자 (무지 11예, 이지 14예, 소지 2예)를 대상으로 연구하였다. 탈구된 중수지 관절의 정복을 방해하는 해부학적 구조는 수술시에 확인을 하였으며, 도수 정복이 가능하였던 예들에서도 연령과 손상된 구조물, 그리고 최종적인 임상 결과를 평균 7개월간 추시 관찰하였다. 결과 : 무지 중수지 관절의 탈구 11예 중 파열된 전방 관절낭, 수장판과 단무지 굴건의 파열을 동반한 복합 탈구가 8예 있어 관혈 정복을 시행하였으며, 2예에서만 도수 정복이 가능하였다. 관절염이 있던 1예는 관절 유합술을 시행하였다. 다른 수지의 중수지 관절의 탈구는 Kaplan의 개념에 따라 탈구를 수술 정복하였고 파열된 수장판을 복원하였으며, 1예에서 수술시 표재 중수 횡인대만의 절개와 이완으로 정복할 수 있었다. 소지 중수지 관절 탈구의 2예에서 파열된 요측 측부인대가 수술시 관찰되었고 이를 복원하여 수지의 불안정성을 예방하였다. 이들의 최종 결과는 특별한 운동 제한이나 불안정성 없이 좋은 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 적절한 국소 마취하에 도수 정복을 1~2회 시행할 수 있지만 단순 정복이 가능한 탈구가 부적절한 견인으로 정복이 불가능한 복합 탈구로 진행할 수 있다. 그리고 복합 탈구는 대부분 관혈적 정복이 필요하기 때문에, 정복 방해 구조물에 대한 충분한 이해와 적절한 조치가 필요하다. Purpose : To analyse the obstacles to prevent the reduction for dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints of the hand and evaluate the relationship between the sex and dislocation type in closed reduction case. Materials and Methods : Total 27 cases of MP joint dislocation of the hand (11 cases of thumb, and 14 index and 2 little finger) were reviewed retrospectively. The anatomical structures to prevent the reduction were confirmed at operation and the cases which were reduced immediately were also analysed for their ages and differences of damaged structures, and finally their complications or outcome were reviewed for average 7 months after reduction. Results : In 11 cases of thumb MP joint dislocations, the complex dorsal dislocations in which the protruded metacarpal neck was caught by buttonhole of torn anterior joint capsule, volar plate and FPB were reduced by open method in 8 cases, and closed reduction was done in 2 cases but one old case required arthrodesis. In other finger MP joint dislocations, the Kaplan's concept to prevent the reduction was confirmed. But reduction of torn volar plate and incision of transverse metacarpal ligament were sufficient to reduce the dislocation with gentle longitudinal traction during the operation. In two cases of little finger MP joint dislocation, the ruptured radial collateral ligaments were noted after open reduction and it must the repaired to prevent the finger instability later. Their overall end results were good without any significant restriction of MP joints motions and finger instabilities. Conclusion : One or two times of closed reduction with proper local anesthesia could be tried, but simple reducible dislocation can be converted to complex irreducible ones by the inappropriate traction method, and so proper reduction technique by closed or even in open way is important with the knowledge of anatomical obstacles to prevent the reduction of the metacarpophalangeal joints.

일차적 비확공성 골수강 고정술로 치료한 제3형 개방성 경골 골절

오창욱,경희수,김도헌,박일형,김풍택,인주철,우연기,이정엽 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

제 3형 구상돌기 골절의 수술적 치료

전인호,민우기,오창욱,경희수,박병철,김풍택,인주철,이정엽 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: 8례의 제 3형 척골 구상돌기 골절에 대해 수술적 치료 후 임상적 방사선학적 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 8명의 구상돌기 골절에 대한 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 대상은 모두 남자였으며 평균 나이는 33세였다. 3례에서 척골 구상돌기 단독 골절이었으며 2례에서 주관절 탈구가, 2례에서 요골 두 및 경부 골절이, 1례에서 내측 측부인대 손상이 동반되었다. 전례에서 전방 도달법을 통해 유관나사를 이용한 관혈적 정복 및 내고정이 시행되었다. 평균 추시 기간은 31개월 이었으며 (24~60개월), Mayo Elbow Performance Score로 임상적 결과를 판정하였다. 결과 : 최근 추시에서 평균의 능동적 주관절 가동범위는 105°였다. 평균의 Mayo Elbow Performance Score는 76.9점이었다(50~95). 1례에서 최우수, 4례에서 우수, 2례에서 양호, 1례에서 불량의 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 제 3형의 척골 구상돌기 골절에서 조기의 관혈적 정복 및 안정적인 내고정으로 신뢰할 만한 치료를 제공하였으며, 손상 주관절의 동반된 인대손상과 복합골절은 중요한 예후인자로 간주되었다. Purpose: To review the clinical results of eight cases of typeⅢ coronoid process fractures which were treated operatively. Materials and Methods : Eight patients with coronoid type Ⅲ were reviewed retrospectively. All were men with an average age of 33. There were three isolated fractures, two elbow dislocations, two radial head and neck fractures, and one medial collateral ligament rupture. Open reduction and internal fixation through anterior approach with canulated screws was used. The patients were followed up for a mean of 31 months(24 to 60). Results: Average active elbow joint motion at the most recent follow up was 105°. The average Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 76.9 (50 to 95). There was one excellent result, four good, two fair, and one poor. Conclusion: Early open reduction and stable internal fixation provided a reliable method for the treatment of typeⅢ coronoid process fractures. Any associated ligament injuries to the elbow and fracture comninution were considered as important prognostic factors.

Acute Stroke Care in Korea in 2013–2014: National Averages and Disparities

Jun Yup Kim,Keon-Joo Lee,Jihoon Kang,Beom Joon Kim,김성은,Hyunji Oh,Hong-Kyun Park,Yong Jin Cho,Jong-Moo Park,Kwang-Yeol Park,Kyung Bok Lee,Soo Joo Lee,Tackeun Kim,Ji Sung Lee,Juneyoung Lee,Ki Hwa Yang,A 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.20

Background: This study aimed to describe the current status of acute stroke care in Korea and explore disparities among hospitals and regions. Methods: The 2013 and 2014 national stroke audit data and the national health insurance claims data were linked and used for this study. Stroke patients hospitalized via emergency rooms within 7 days of stroke onset were selected. Results: A total of 19,608 patients treated in 216 hospitals were analyzed. Among them 76% had ischemic stroke; 15%, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); and 9%, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Of the hospitals, 31% provided inpatient stroke unit care. Ambulances were used in 56% of cases, and the median interval from onset to arrival was 4.5 hours. One-quarter of patients were referred from other hospitals. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) rates were 11% and 4%, respectively. Three-quarters of the analyzed hospitals provided IVT and/or EVT, whereas 47% of hospitals providing IVT and 67% of hospitals providing EVT had less than one case per month. Decompressive surgery was performed on 28% of ICH patients, and clipping and coiling were performed in 17.2% and 14.3% of SAH patients, respectively. There were noticeable regional disparities between the various interventions, ambulance use, arrival time, and stroke unit availability. Conclusion: This study describes the current status of acute stroke care in Korea. Despite quite acceptable quality of stroke care, it suggests regional and hospital disparities. Expansion of stroke units, stroke center certification or accreditation, and connections between stroke centers and emergency medical services are highly recommended.

The Sogdian Descendants in Mongol and post-Mongol Central Asia: The Tajiks and Sarts

LEE, JOO-YUP Academia Via Serica 2020 Acta Via Serica Vol.5 No.1

This paper is devoted to the examination of the identity of the Sogdian descendants and their historical role in the second millennium CE. More specifically, it discusses the Sogdian connection to the later Iranic-speaking peoples of Central Asia, namely, the Sarts and the Tajiks. It then discusses the symbiotic relationship between the Sogdian descendants and the Mongols and the Mongol descendants (Chaghatays and Uzbeks) in Central Asia. In sum, this paper argues that the Sogdians did not perish after the Arab conquest of Central Asia in the eighth century CE. They survived under new exonyms Sart and Tajik. Like the Sogdians in pre-Islamic Central Asia, the Tajiks or Sarts played important historical roles in the Mongol and post-Mongol states of Central Asia, maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the nomad elites.

논문 : 16세기 중앙아시아 지배계층의 몽골제국 계승성 연구 -우즈벡,카자흐칸국과 무굴제국의 지배계층을 중심으로-

이주엽 ( Joo Yup Lee ) 중앙아시아학회 2004 中央아시아硏究 Vol.9 No.-