남병철의 혼천의 연구 I

이용삼,김상혁,남문현,LEE YONG-SAM,KIM SANG-HYUK,NAM MOON-HYON 한국천문학회 2001 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.34 No.1

In this paper we have reconstructed an armillary sphere based on the Method of an Armillary Sphere Making described in the Volume 1 of The Collection of Writings on the Scientific Instruments-Uigijipsol (儀器輯說, two volumes) edited in the 1850's by Nam Byong-Chul (南秉哲, 1817-1863) who was a famous Korean states-man-scientist. Nam achieved convenience and accuracy in the measurements of stellar positions in the manner of selective setting the equatorial, ecliptic and horizontal poles by adding a pole axis exchange ring called Jaigeukkwon (載極圈) between the Three Arrangers of Time and Four Displacements. We made use of 3-dimensional graphic software for modelling Nam's armillary sphere which consisted of five layers-eight rings. Results of simulation showed that the pole axis exchange ring functioned properly in setting the equatorial, ecliptic and horizontal coordinates simply by exchange of positions of specified holes on the ring. We ascertained that the invention of Jaigeukkwon solved inherent problems in the conventional Chinese armillary sphere in computation of real ecliptic coordinates. It was revealed that Nam Byong-Chul made great contributions in the East Asian history of armillary sphere making.

19세기 남병철 『의기집설(儀器輯說)』 혼천의 용법 분석

최홍순,김상혁,민병희,남경욱,유경한,김용기,HONG SOON CHOI,SANG HYUK KIM,BYEONG-HEE MIHN,KYOUNG-UK NAM,GEOYOUNG-HAN YOO,YONGGI KIM 한국천문학회 2024 天文學論叢 Vol.39 No.1

The armillary sphere, an astronomical observation device embodying the Orbital Heaven Theory of the Later Han Dynasty in China, holds both historical and scientific significance. It has been produced in various forms by many individuals since its inception in the era of King Sejong in the Joseon Dynasty. A prominent figure in this field was Nam Byeong-cheol (南秉哲, 1817-1863), known for his work 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說), published in 1859, which detailed the history, production methods, and usage of the armillary sphere. This text particularly highlights 21 applications of the armillary sphere, divided into 33 measurements, covering aspects like installation, time, and positional measurements, supplemented with explanations of spherical trigonometry. Despite numerous records of the armillary sphere's design during the Joseon Dynasty, detailed usage information remains scarce. In this study, the 33 measurements described in 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說) were systematically classified into six for installation, nineteen for position measurement, seven for time measurement, and one for other purposes. Additionally, the measurement methods were analyzed and organized by dividing them into the ecliptic ring, moving equatorial ring, and fixed equatorial ring of the armillary sphere. In other words, from a modern astronomical perspective, the results of schematization for each step were presented by analyzing it from the viewpoint of longitude, right ascension, and solar time. Through the analysis of Nam's armillary sphere, this study not only aims to validate the restoration model of the armillary sphere but also suggests the potential for its use in basic astronomical education based on the understanding of the 19th-century Joseon armillary sphere.

원주 법천리출토 금동식리에 대한 연구

권혁남,유혜선 국립중앙박물관 2001 박물관보존과학 Vol.3 No.-

Scientific analysis are carried on gilded ornamental shoes, which have been excavated from tomb No 1. and No 4. in Beopcheon-ri, Wonju dated from Baekje Period. This object is a very important because it provides valuable information on the development of metal-making techniques of that period. Thus, this article illustrates the investigation conducted to reveal how the object was created using what materials and techniques. Instead of the spikes-attached to the bottom plate of the object-that couldn't be sampled, a sample of a decorative rivet showing a similar structure to the spikes-attached to the other parts of the shoes-was prepared for a cross-section examination. Using radiography and microscopes, it was found that the head of a spike was placed and then punched to the gilded plate, so it can be held to the shoes. Under the SEM-EDS, the cross-section of the rivet shows that the gilding layer was applied before the attachment of the rivets. It also shows that the gilding layer is distributed unevenly and there are empty spaces indicating amalgam gilding was employed. This was confirmed as Mercury was detected on the SEM-EDS analysis of the object. The examination of the microstructure of the plate using the SEM-EDS revealed that the object is made of a single copper alloy plate with recrystallized twining and non metallic white inclusions, which found to be lead in this case. 백제 문화의 중요한 자료가 되고 있는 원주 법천리 고분군 중 1호분과 4호분에서 금동식리편이 발굴되었다. 특히 이 식리에는 스파이크가 존재하여 백제의 식리 제작과 금동 기술에 대한 정보를 제공할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이곳에서 출토된 식리편을 분석하여 식리의 제작 방법, 당시 사용된 동의 특성 등을 조사하였다. 스파이크는 투과X-선과 현미경 등을 통해 관찰해 본 결과 하나의 몸체로 제작되어 머리 부분을 두드려 금동판에 부착하였다. 이 금동판은 대부분 구리로 되어 있으며 재결정에 의한 쌍정이 나타나고 있고, 비금속 개재물의 EDS 분석 결과 납을 함유하고 있다. 또한 금동판이 두 개로 되어있다는 증거가 나타나지 않아 장식용으로 리벳을 사용한 것으로 보인다. 금동판의 도금은 금도금층의 두께가 불균일하고 내부가 비어 있으며 EDS 분석에서 수은이 검출되는 것으로 보아 아말감법에 의한 도금을 하였다.

『구입유물공개전』 전시유물 보존처리 : 금속유물을 중심으로

권혁남,이용희,김종오 국립중앙박물관 2000 박물관보존과학 Vol.2 No.-

국립중앙박물관에서는 국내외에서 구입한 유물들을 전시하기 위하여 보존처리를 실시하였다. 처리유물은 금속제 유물을 비롯하여 목제, 회화, 목·칠기 등 다양한데, 이중 금속유물 42점의 보존처리 내용을 재질별로 소개하였다. 유물의 현재 상태를 파악하기 위해 현미경 조사 및 X-선 촬영을 실시하였으며 재질에 따라 이물질 제거 방법, 안정화 처리 방법 등의 처리 방향을 설정하였다. 또한 역사적 자료를 보존하고 일반인들에게 전시할 수 있는 조치를 취하였다. For exhibition, conducted conservation treatment for a variety of collections acquired at home and abroad such as metallic objects, wooden-ware, paintings and lacquer-ware. Conservation treatment methods for 42 metallic objects were introduced for material types. X-ray and microscopic method were used to identify the current state of the collections and in some case if necessary, various foreign particle removing and stabilization method were used depending on material type. Historical data were stored and exhibited to public.

국립김해박물관 개관 전시유물 보존처리 보고

권혁남,안병찬 국립중앙박물관 1999 박물관보존과학 Vol.1 No.-

국립김해박물관의 개관을 위해 전시유물 200여점을 보존처리 하였다. 처리유물은 대부분 고분출토품이며 재질은 금동, 은, 구리합금제, 철제 등 금속유물이 주종을 이루고 있다. 모두 고대 가야문화를 대표하는 문화재들이다. 유물은 상태에 따라 처리방법을 달리했다. 구리합금제 유물은 부식물의 안정성에 따라 보존과 제거를 결정했다. 특히 철제품의 경우 현재 안정한 상태의 유물은 물리적인 방법으로 이물질을 제거해 원형을 찾고 방녹제[상품명 : Ballistol]를 이용해 부식을 예방하는데 중점을 두었다. 부식이 진행중인 유물은 원인제거를 위해 2단계 탈염처리를 했다. 제 1단계는 0.3M NaOH 용액함침, 제 2단계는 붕사-증류수 가압탈염법이다. 이밖에 전시를 위한 특수 받침대제작 및 각종 전시보조물인 모형 등에 대한 수정작업도 지원했다. More than 200 objects selected for the newly-opened Gimhae National Museum were treated for conservation. The objects which represent ancient Gaya culture. were mainly composed of metallic such as gilt bronze, silver, copper alloy and iron. The corrosion products on gilt bronze and copper alloy objects were preserved or removed according to their stability. Minimum treatment was done for preserving the original state of the objects. For silver objects and iron objects with silver-plate decorations, silver surfaces were revealed after treatment of corrosion products and treatments to prevent corrosion of silver and iron were done emphatically. For iron objects, which were stabilized, the original shape of objects was restored and acrylic coating was applied to prevent further corrosion. For the objects which were being corroded, 2-step de-chloride treatments were undertaken. The first step was immersing the objects in a solution of 0.3M sodium hydroxide and the. second was the pressure de-chloride treatment using borax-distilled water. The main purpose of those treatments was to get rid of the causes of corrosion. Besides, conservation treatments for potteries, making of special mounting board for exhibition and amendment of various modeling were done too.

Pyknodysostosis 환아의 구강증상 : 증례보고

김남혁,이제호,김성오,최형준,송제선 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

Pyknodysostosis(PKND)는 파골세포의 기능 이상으로 인해 발생하는 상염색체 열성의 매우 드문 경화성 골질환으로 Toulouse-Lautrec syndrome으로 불리기도 한다. PKND의 원인으로는 파골세포 내 cathepsin K의 결핍으로 인해 파골세포의 골개조와 골흡수 기능의 실패가 생기게 되어 연골의 축적과 과도한 골의 광화가 나타나는 것으로 알려져 있는데, 이로 인해 골수염의 위험이 높고 빈번한 골의 파절이 나타난다. 150 cm 이하의 작은 신장, 개방된 천문과 두개골 봉합의 실패, 곤 봉형의 손가락과 중안모의 발달이 저하된 특징적인 안모를 보인다. 본 증례는 전반적인 총생과 전치부 개방교합을 주소로 본과에 내원한 7세 1개월의 여아로, 정형외과에서 PKND로 진단받은 상태였다. 임상 및 방사전 사진 검사상 천문과 두개골 봉합 폐쾌의 실패, 곤봉모양의 손가락, 구개의 고랑,짧은사지와 작은 신장 등의 PKND의 전형적인 임상적 특성을 나타내고 있었다. 비정상적인 골흡수와 골재생기능의 문제로 주소인 총생과 개방교합에 대한 교정적 처치는 시행하지 못했다. 탈락 시기의 유치 발거와 불소도포를 시행한 후 정기 검진을 시행 중인 상태로 PKND에 대한 문헌고찰과 함께 본 증례를 보고하고자 한다. Pyknodysostosis(PKND) is a rare sclerosing bone disorder that has an autosomal recessive trait, also known as Toulouse-Lautrec syndrome. Deficiency of the cathepsin enzyme K in the osteoclasts of PKND patients results in continuous endosteal bone deposits without osteoclastic resorption or remodeling. This causes a generalized increase in sclerosis and fragility of bones. Osteomyelitis in the mandible and recurrent fracture of the long bones are characteristic complicatons of PKND. The patients present typical features of PKND, such as short stature under 150 cm, open cranial suture and fontanelle, club-shaped phalanges, and underdevelopment of midface. This is a case of a 7-year-old girl with PKND, who visited our clinic with the chief complaint of anterior Open-bite and generalized crowding. The patient had been diagnosed as PKND by an orthopedist and manifested characteristic clinical and radiographic features, such as open cranial suture and fontanelle, obtuse madibular gonial angle, frontal and occipital bossing, grooved palate, club-shaped phalanges, and short stature. Orthodontic treatment was not considered because patients with PKND show abnormal bone resorption and remodeling. Instead, removal of deciduous teeth near exfoliation and TFA were performed, and periodic check-up is planned to maintain good oral hygiene.

뇌졸중 환자의 경상운동이 상지기능에 미치는 영향

조영남,김홍근,권혁철 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2008 再活科學硏究 Vol.26 No.2

경상운동은 다른 쪽의 신체에서 일어나는 의도된 움직임의 경상 반전으로 발생하는 한 쪽 신체의 무의식적인 운동이다. 본 연구는 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게서 나타나는 경상운동이 상지기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 65명의 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 연구한 결과, 경상운동이 나타나지 않은 환자군의 상지기능은 경상운동이 나타난 환자군의 상지기능과 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 경상운동이 나타난 환자군에 비해 상지기능이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 경상운동이 나타나지 않은 환자군과 경상운동이 경한 환자군, 경상운동이 중한 환자군의 상지기능을 비교한 결과 경사운동이 적게 나타날수록 상지기능이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게서 나타나는 경상운동은 상지기능을 감소시키는 요인 될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to compare upper extremity's motor function according to the mirror movements in hemiparetic patients with stroke. Mirror movements are involuntary movements in one side of the body that occur as mirror reversals of the intended movement on the other side of the body. The subjects of the study were 65 stroke patients who were admitted from May, 2004 to April, 2005 in the Y University medical center. This study used the Manual Function Test(MFT) and the Purdue pegboard test to evaluate upper extremity‘s motor function. The severity of mirror movements were assessed according to the criteria of Woods and Teuber. The results of the study was as follow; First, The upper extremity‘s motor function in hemiparetic patients without mirror movements was significantly different in hemiparetic patients with mirror movements(p< .05). Second, The upper extremity's motor function in hemiparetic patients with mild mirror movements was significantly different in hemiparetic patients with severe mirror movements(p< .05). The result showed that the mirror movements in hemiparetic stroke patients are correlated with upper extremity's motor function and the severity of mirror movements affected upper extremity's motor function. 경상운동은 다른 쪽의 신체에서 일어나는 의도된 움직임의 경상 반전으로 발생하는 한 쪽 신체의 무의식적인 운동이다. 본 연구는 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게서 나타나는 경상운동이 상지기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 65명의 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 연구한 결과, 경상운동이 나타나지 않은 환자군의 상지기능은 경상운동이 나타난 환자군의 상지기능과 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 경상운동이 나타난 환자군에 비해 상지기능이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 경상운동이 나타나지 않은 환자군과 경상운동이 경한 환자군, 경상운동이 중한 환자군의 상지기능을 비교한 결과 경사운동이 적게 나타날수록 상지기능이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게서 나타나는 경상운동은 상지기능을 감소시키는 요인 될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to compare upper extremity's motor function according to the mirror movements in hemiparetic patients with stroke. Mirror movements are involuntary movements in one side of the body that occur as mirror reversals of the intended movement on the other side of the body. The subjects of the study were 65 stroke patients who were admitted from May, 2004 to April, 2005 in the Y University medical center. This study used the Manual Function Test(MFT) and the Purdue pegboard test to evaluate upper extremity‘s motor function. The severity of mirror movements were assessed according to the criteria of Woods and Teuber. The results of the study was as follow; First, The upper extremity‘s motor function in hemiparetic patients without mirror movements was significantly different in hemiparetic patients with mirror movements(p< .05). Second, The upper extremity's motor function in hemiparetic patients with mild mirror movements was significantly different in hemiparetic patients with severe mirror movements(p< .05). The result showed that the mirror movements in hemiparetic stroke patients are correlated with upper extremity's motor function and the severity of mirror movements affected upper extremity's motor function.

감압술을 이용한 치근단 낭의 처치

김남혁,최병재,이제호,손흥규,김성오,최형준 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

치근단 낭은 염증 등에 의한 자극으로 치수가 실활되어 치근단에 있는 상피로부터 형성되는 낭종으로 주된 기원은 말라세즈 상피잔사이지만 치은열구 상피나 상악동 이장 상피, 누공의 상피에 의한 것도 보고 되었다. 구강악안면 영역에서 가장 흔히 발생되는 낭종의 하나이지만 유치열기에서의 발생 빈도는 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다. 악골 내의 치성 낭종은 크기가 커지면서 주위 조직의 파괴나 구조의 변형을 초래할 수 있으며 유치의 경우에서는 후속 영구치배의 변위를 유발할 수 있다. 이런 큰 크기의 치성 낭종을 외과적으로 제거하면 해부학적 구조의 손상 및 안모의 변형, 치아흡수, 신경손상 등의 후유증을 일으킬 수 있으므로 조대술이나 감압술 후 적출하는 술식이 권장되고 있다. 이 증례는 하악 우측 부위의 동통을 주소로 연세대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원한 8세 남아로, 임상 및 방사선학적검사 결과 치수치료 후 기성금속관의 수복을 시행한 하악 우측 제1유구치의 치근단 하방에 방사선투과성 병변과 견치와 제1소구치의 변위를 발견하였다. 병소가 있는 하악 우측 제1유구치를 발거하였고, 조직학적 검사에서 치근단 낭으로 진단되었다. 감압술 및 공간유지장치를 시행하고 병소의 크기 변화와 하악 우측 견치와 제1소구치의 맹출 양상을 정기적으로 관찰한 결과 양호한 치유 양상과 정상적인 맹출을 보였기에 이를 보고하고자 한다. Radicular cyst is a true epithelium lined cyst formed when epithelium at the apex of a nonvital tooth is stimulated by inflammation. It is the most common type of cyst in the oral cavity, but its frequency is low in the primary dentition. Treatment of large-sized cyst aims at conservation of adjacent structure and allowance of proper eruption of the successive permanent teeth in the primary dentition. Considering these two aspects, marsupialization or enucleation following decompression is recommended as a treatment means for large-sized radicular cyst. In this case, 8-year old boy visited the pediatric dentistry department, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, with the chief complaint of pain on the lower right area. Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed periapical radiolucent lesion on #84, which had previous pulp treatment and restorated with the stainless steel crown. Dislocation of its successive tooth, #44, was also observed. #84 was extracted and sent for biopsy. Through histologic examination, it was diagnosed as radicular cyst. Following its extraction, removable space maintainer was delivered, which was also used as a decompressor. During periodic check-up for next 22 months, favorable healing of the lesion and eruption of the successive tooth were observed.

비·부비동 종양의 신생혈관 형성에서 COX-2 및 VEGF의 역할

도남용,박성용,조성일,윤혁수,박선홍,박영균,권대승,임성철 조선대학교 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.1

Background and Objectives : COX-2, the inducible form of cyclooxygenase(COX), is upregulated in transformed cells and in malignant cells, which have important roles in promotion of colorectal carcinogenesis, invasiveness and angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may act as endothelial cell mitogen in various cancer tissues. It will increase tumor growth and angiogenesis. Aims of this study were to asses COX-2/VEGF expression and it's clinical correlation in sinonasal tumors and to investigate the effects on angiogenesis also. Materials and Method : The study samples were obtained from surgical removal of 27 cases of inverted papilloma(IPs), 5 cases of IP with malignant transformation(IP-MT), 16 cases of Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) in sinonasal cavity COX-2 and VEGF expressions were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Synchronism of COX-2/VEGF expression in one tumor cell was demonstrated with double immunofluorescence technique. Results : The expression rates of COX-2 were 37% in IP, 80% in IP-MT and 100% in SCC. The positive rates of VEGF were 29 6% in IP, 100% in IP-MT and SCC. COX-2 and VEGF expressions were increased as tumor progressed, and there is a positive correlation between COX-2 &EGF expressions. All clinical features which were compared are not associated with COX-2 &EGF expressions except malignant change in IP(p=0 028). Synchronism of COX-2/VEGF expressions was noted in all positive immunostaining samples. Conclusion : These findings suggest the role of COX-2 pathway could be involved in sinonasal tumor angiogenesis, which is modulated by VEGF COX-2 may act as autocrine factor in VEGF expression. There is a potential role for selective COX-2 inhibitors in the treatment of these lesions.

한약과 양약의 약물상호작용에 관한 연구(제1보) : Nicardipine과 청혈단의 상호작용 Effects of CHUNGHYULDAN on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodydnamics of Nicardipine in Rats

김남재,진성민,최혁재,주수만,송보완,김종우 한국병원약사회 2002 병원약사회지 Vol.19 No.4

The influence of single and repeated oral pretreatment of CHUNG-HYUL-DAN(CHD). a widely used Korean traditional herbal medicines prescribed for hypertension and hyperlipidemia, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a calcium channel blocker, nicardipine after oral administration of nicardipine was investigated in rats. The single pretreatment of CHD significantly increased area under the plasma concentration-time curve(AUC_(0-8h), but did not influence the time to reach the maximum peak plasma concentration(T_(max)), the maximum peak plasma concentration(C_(max)), terminal elimination half-life(t_(1/2) or the elimination rate constant(λ) for nicardipine. And, C_(max) and AUC_(0-8h) for nicardipine were significantly increased by with 1-week repeated pretreatment with CHD, but the other parameters were not significantly different from those of control. Also, the extent of the lowering effect of nicardipine on blood pressure in rats was significantly increased after oral administration of nicardipine with single and repeated oral pretreatment with CHD. These results indicated that single and 1-week repeated oral pretreatment with CHD should inhibit the metabolism of nicardipine in rats.