http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Clopidogrel에 의해 발생된 전신 염증 반응 증후군 1례
김민환,김종훈,박경일,박혜연,황철웅,김의석,도준형,남궁준,이성윤,이원로 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1
Clopidogrel bisulfate, a widely used inhibitor of platelet aggregation, is considered at least as safe as aspirin. We describe a 61 year old male patient who developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome consisting of high fever, rash, chills, impaired liver function, and mild leukopenia after receiving clopidogrel after coronary angiography and stent implantation. The reaction resolved promptly after withdrawal of the drug, thus making the diagnosis of a clopidogrel induced reaction highly probable.
뇌졸중 후 강직(spasticity) 평가를 위한 Tone Assessment Scale의 신뢰도
김태호,정이정 한국전문물리치료학회 2002 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.9 No.2
The purpose of this study was to establish reliability of the Tone Assessment Scale (TAS) translated into Korean in patients with stroke. The TAS consists of resting posture, response to passive movement, and associated reaction to active effort. Fifteen patients (14 males, 1 female) were examined by two raters. Surface electromyography (EMG) data at elbow flexor muscle and joint excursion were collected from 6 patients. To identify the correlation between muscle activity and angular changes of elbow muscle, Pearson product moment correlation was used. The inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the TAS ranged from very good to good (K/Kw=.61∼1.00 for intra-rater and K/Kw=.73∼1.00 for intra-rater comparisons) in the sections of resting posture and associated reaction. However, in the section of response to passive movement, the reliability coefficients ranged from very good to fair (Kw=.29~1.00). In the 11th item, correlation between EMG ratio of elbow flexor and angular changes of elbow joint showed statistically strong positive relationship(r=.94, p<.05). These results indicate that the TAS is selectively reliable in the sections of resting posture and associated reaction.
Jiwon Kim,Sunghwan Kim,Yoo Hyun Um,Sheng-Min Wang,Regina EY Kim,Yeong Sim Choe,Jiyeon Lee,Donghyeon Kim,Hyun Kook Lim,Chang Uk Lee,Dong Woo Kang 대한정신약물학회 2024 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.22 No.1
Objective: Cognitive reserve has emerged as a concept to explain the variable expression of clinical symptoms in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The association between years of education, a proxy of cognitive reserve, and resting-state functional connectivity (rFC), a representative intermediate phenotype, has not been explored in the preclinical phase, considering risk factors for AD. We aimed to evaluate whether the relationship between years of education and rFC in cognitively preserved older adults differs depending on amyloid-beta deposition and APOE ε4 carrier status as effect modifiers. Methods: A total of 121 participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging, [18F] flutemetamol positron emission tomography-computed tomography, APOE genotyping, and a neuropsychological battery. Potential interactions between years of education and AD risk factors for rFC of AD-vulnerable neural networks were assessed with wholebrain voxel-wise analysis. Results: We found a significant education years-by-APOE ε4 carrier status interaction for the rFC from the seed region of the central executive (CEN) and dorsal attention networks. Moreover, there was a significant interaction of rFC between right superior occipital gyrus and the CEN seed region by APOE ε4 carrier status for memory performances and overall cognitive function. Conclusion: In preclinical APOE ε4 carriers, higher years of education were associated with higher rFC of the AD vulnerable network, but this contributed to lower cognitive function. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the impact of cognitive reserve on sensitive functional intermediate phenotypic markers in the preclinical phase of AD.
성인 지속성 외래 복막투석 환자의 생존에 영향을 미치는 인자
김기원,이정상,정우경,양재석,한진석,김성권,김강석,황영환,안규리,오윤규,김연수,이상구,이중건,이경이 대한신장학회 1999 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.18 No.5
As a single CAPD center in Korea, we, at the department of internal medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, conducted a retrospective study in CAPD patients for the causes of death, patient survival rate, technique success rate, and risk factors. We enrolled in our study 167 patients who had began CAPD as an initial replacement therapy for end stage renal disease from March 1992 to July 1997 and survived for more than 2 months. As the prognostic factors of patient survival and technique success, we analyzed demographic features, clinical features including comorbid conditions at the beginning of CAPD, and laboratory findings at the beginning and 6 months after the start of CAPD. The mean age of patients was 49.8 12.5, and sex ratio was 1.4: 1(M: F). The mean follow-up period was 24.0±14.4 months. Cerebrovasular accident(CVA), the patient giving up on the treatment, cardiac diseases and peritonitis were the main causes of death in CAPD patients. Among the causes of death, although CVA and the patient giving up on the treatment were relatively important, the most important causes of death were cardiovascular diseases. The 2 year survival rate and 4 year survival rate of CAPD patients were 89.4% and 55.57% respectively ; the 2 year technique success rate and 4 year technique success rate of CAPD were 87.37% and 63.18% respectively ; and the mean survival period and technique success period were 50.57±2.42 and 49.37±2.85 rnonths, respectively. We determined the independent prognostic factors for patient survival to be diabetes mellitus$lt;DM$gt;(p=0.0004, relative risk$lt;RR$gt;=5.9263) and liver cirrhosis(p=0.0032, RR=5.3211) using multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model. Although the results were statistically insignificant, the patients with cardiac diseases(p=0.0961, RR= 2.0116) and older patients who were over 60 years old(p=0.1312, RR=1.8431) had a poor prognosis. The probable prognostic factors for 2 year survival of patients, considered marker of risk factors for early death, were DM, liver cirrhosis, and cardiac diseases, though statistically insignificant, and they were similar to prognostic factors for the patient survival during the entire period. The independent prognostic factor of technique failure of CAPD was DM(p= 0.0150, RR=2.6762). The patient survival rate and technique success rate of CAPD patients were similar to the outcomes reported in other countries. However, the fact that liver cirrhosis was included as one of the independent prognostic factors seems to reflect a disease characteristic of Korean population in whom chronic liver diseases are prevalent. Due to ever increasing proportions of DM, cardiac diseases, and older patients in CAPD patients and the prevalence of liver cirrhosis in Korea, more intensive management is necessary for CAPD patients with these disorders/ conditions.