Antifungal Activity of Some Essential Oils against Four Fungi

Yun, Kyeong-Won,N.K. Dubey,Han, Dong-Min,Kil, Bong-Seop 원광대학교기초자연과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.11 No.3

5種 管束植物 즉, Citrus medica, Trachyspermum ammi, Nepeta hindostana, Amomum subulatum과 Hyptis suaveolens로부터 抽出한 정유(精油)를 처리하여 4종 곰팡이에 대한 抗菌力 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 C. medica, N. hindostana and T. ammi의 精油가 곰팡이의 생장을 크게 抑制했으며 A. subulatum과 H. suaveolens의 정유는 억제력이 적었다. 植物體로부터 추출한 精油와 合成抗菌劑, 즉 Dithane M-45, Ceresan, Captan과 비교하여 본 결과 본 실험에 사용한 天然化學物質이 더 효과적으로 곰팡이 생장을 抑制했다. Essential oils isolated from five angiospermic plants viz. Citrus medica, Trachyspermum ammi, Nepeta hindostana, Amomum subulatum, and Hyptis suaveolens have been tested against four fungi viz. Aspergillus awamori, Alternaria matini, Aspergillus nidulans and Penicillium sp. at 100ppm, 500ppm, and 1,000ppm. The oils of C. medica, N. hindostana and T. ammi were found to be effective in checking growth of fungi, while the Hyptis and Amomum oils were observed to be the worst effective. The antifungal potency of some of the oils has been compared with synthetic fungicides viz. Dithane M-45, Ceresan and Captan.

Reduced-Intensity Conditioning with Busulfan, Fludarabine, and Antithymocyte Globulin for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation from Unrelated or Haploidentical Family Donors in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Remission

Lee, K.H.,Lee, J.H.,Lee, J.H.,Kim, D.Y.,Park, H.S.,Choi, E.J.,Ko, S.H.,Seol, M.,Lee, Y.S.,Kang, Y.A.,Jeon, M.,Baek, S.,Kang, Y.L.,Kim, S.H.,Yun, S.C.,Kim, H.,Jo, J.C.,Choi, Y.,Joo, Y.D.,Lim, S.N. Kluge Carden Jennings Pub. Co 2017 BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION Vol.23 No.9

To investigate the role of antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-containing reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from unrelated (UD) or haploidentical family donors (HFD), we conducted a phase 2 trial of 237 patients (age range, 16 to 69 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in remission. Patients undergoing UD-HCT (n@?=@?93) or HFD-HCT (n@?=@?59) received RIC comprising busulfan, fludarabine, and ATG, 9@?mg/kg, whereas those undergoing HCT from matched sibling donors (MSD, n@?=@?85) received myeloablative busulfan and cyclophosphamide conditioning or aforementioned RIC with ATG, 4.5@?mg/kg. For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, cyclosporine and methotrexate were administered. The median follow-up period was 44.7 months after HCT for 161 survivors. For UD-HCT versus HFD-HCT, there were no significant differences in leukemia recurrence, nonrelapse mortality, relapse-free survival, grades 2 to 4 acute GVHD, and moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD. Furthermore, when the outcomes of UD-HCT and HFD-HCT were combined and compared with those of MSD-HCT, there were no significant differences in leukemia recurrence (3-year cumulative incidence, 30% versus 29%), nonrelapse mortality (3-year cumulative incidence, 7% versus 8%), relapse-free survival (3-year estimate, 63% versus 63%), and grades 2 to 4 acute GVHD (120-day cumulative incidence, 16% versus 13%). Moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD, however, occurred less frequently in UD/HFD-HCT (2-year cumulative incidence, 22% versus 40%; P@?=@?.006). The addition of ATG to conditioning regimen was a significant predictor for less chronic GVHD (subdistribution hazard ratio, .59). In AML in remission, UD/HFD-HCT after ATG-containing RIC achieved leukemia control equivalent to that of MSD-HCT. Despite HLA disparity in UD/HFD-HCT, chronic GVHD occurred less frequently after ATG-containing RIC, suggesting a strong GVHD-modulating effect of ATG.

Separation of mono- and di-PEGylate of exenatide and resolution of positional isomers of mono-PEGylates by preparative ion exchange chromatography

Nguyen, N.T.T.,Lee, J.S.,Yun, S.,Lee, E.K. Elsevier 2016 Journal of Chromatography A Vol.1457 No.-

<P>Exenatide is a synthetic version of the 39-mer peptide of Exendin-4, which is an FDA-approved therapeutic against Type II diabetes mellitus. However, exenatide has a very short in-serum half-life and PEGylation have been performed to improve its in-serum stability. PEGylation often yields multivalent binding to non-specific residues, and the desired species should be carefully separated by chromatographies. In this study, we first devised an aqueous-phase, two-step PEGylation process. This consists of thiolation of Lys 12 and 27 residues followed by attachment of PEG-maleimide (10 kD) to thiol groups. This process yields various species: mono-PEGylates with positional isomers, di-PEGylate, and other higher MW substances. A prep-grade cationic exchange chromatography (HiTrap SP) at pH 3.0 partially separated mono- and di-PEGylates based on the molar ratio of conjugated PEG and peptide and thus molecular weight of the conjugates. To further investigate the chromatographic separation of positional isomers of mono-PEGylates, we prepared two kinds of exenatide analogs by point mutation; K12C and K27C. Each analog was mono-PEGylated with very high yield (>95%). When a mixture of the two positional isomers of mono-PEGylates was applied to HiTrap SP chromatography, K12C-PEGylate and K27C-PEGylate eluted separately at 0.22 M and 0.33 M NaCl, respectively. When the proportions of acid and its conjugate base of the amino acid residues adjacent to the PEGylation site at pH 3.0 were analyzed, K27C-PEGylate shows stronger positive charge than K12C-PEGylate, and we propose the residence time difference between the two mono-PEGylates could be due to the charge difference. ELISA result shows that the immuno-binding activity of both analogs and their mono-PEGylates are well maintained. Furthermore, both mono-PEGylates of the analogs show higher than 50-fold improved anti-trypsin stability. We expect that mono-PEGylates of the exenatide analogs are alternatives to the conventional C40-PEG. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Menadione (Vitamin K3) decreases melanin synthesis through ERK activation in Mel-Ab cells

Kim, E.H.,Kim, M.K.,Yun, H.Y.,Baek, K.J.,Kwon, N.S.,Park, K.C.,Kim, D.S. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 european journal of pharmacology Vol.718 No.1

Menadione is a synthetic vitamin K3 derivative. Here, we examined the effects of menadione on melanogenesis and its related signaling pathways. Our results showed that melanin content was significantly reduced after menadione treatment in a dose-dependent manner. However, menadione treatment did not reduce tyrosinase activity directly. Wnt signaling is known to play a major role in the control of melanin synthesis. Thus, we tested the effects of menadione treatment on GSK3β and β-catenin signaling, but found that menadione did not influence either of these signaling pathways. We also investigated changes in the phosphorylation of ERK, which is related to melanin regulation. These results indicated that menadione treatment led to the phosphorylation of ERK. Additionally, menadione treatment reduced both MITF and tyrosinase protein levels. Treatment with PD98059, a specific ERK pathway inhibitor, restored menadione-induced melanin reduction and also prevented MITF and tyrosinase downregulation by menadione. These results suggest that the hypopigmentary action of menadione is due to MITF and tyrosinase downregulation by ERK activation.

Fermi-level depinning in germanium Schottky junction using nitrogen plasma treatment

Janardhanam, V.,Yun, H.-J.,Jyothi, I.,Lee, H.-K.,Lee, S.-N.,Won, J.,Choi, C.-J. Institution of Electrical Engineers 2018 Electronics letters Vol.54 No.14

<P>Fermi-level depinning in germanium (Ge) through nitrogen (N-2) plasma treatment is demonstrated. The Ge surface was exposed to N-2 plasma for 1 min without heat treatment, resulting in the formation of 2.5 nm-thick GeOxNy layer with uniform surface and interface morphologies. Ohmic and Schottky behaviours were obtained for Al contacts to N-2 plasma-treated n- and p-type Ge with barrier heights of 0.09 and 0.40 eV, respectively. Fermi-level depinning could be attributed to the reduction in interface states caused by the passivation of Ge surface by highly uniform GeOxNy layer.</P>

Phase behaviors of NPB molecule under vacuum

Shim, S.,Kim, J.T.,Shin, E.J.,Chung, N.K.,Ko, M.K.,Kwon, O.,Yun, J.Y. Pergamon Press 2016 Materials research bulletin Vol.82 No.-

<P>Commercialization of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high stability and reproducibility remains challenging. Although many studies have evaluated the intrinsic (electrochemical, photochemical, and thermal degradation of the active layers) and extrinsic (encapsulation and layer adhesion) degradation mechanisms of OLED devices and have attempted to improve device stability, until recently little attention was paid to the phase behavior of the deposition materials used in OLEDs during evaporation. In addition to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, phase behaviors may also affect device efficiency and lifetime as they play key roles in optimizing the evaporation process under high vacuum and subsequently reducing manufacturing costs. In this study, the phase behavior of N,N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (NPB: C44H32N2), a widely used as hole transporting material in OLEDs, was investigated under vacuum. The resulting phase diagram under vacuum will be useful to understand the nature of thermal evaporation for the NPB molecule for use in OLED manufacture. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

비육돈 생산단계에 따른 도체 및 부분육 생산 특성

김진형,박범영,유영모,조수현,김용곤,이종문,윤희진,김경남 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

본 연구는 수출규격돈 생산과 고품질 돈육 생산에 필요한 기초자료를 제시하고자 도체 및 부분육 생산 특성을 조사한 것으로 도체중량에서는 듀록종이 원종, F_1종 및 비육돈에 비하여 적었다(p<0.05). 거래정육중량은 요그셔종과 F_1종이 다른 원종과 비육돈에 비하여 높은 반면 듀록종이 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 도체길이는 랜드레이스와 F_1종이 다른 원종 및 비육돈에 비하여 길게 나타났고(p<0.05), 도체폭은 F_1종이 다른 순종 및 비육돈 보다 넓었다. 도체후도는 F_1종과 비육돈이 원종에 비하여 유의적으로 두꺼운 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 안심과 등심의 생산량은 랜드레이스와 요그셔 및 F_1종이 듀록 및 비육돈에 비하여 높게 나타났고 듀록이 가장 적었다(p<0.05). 목심 생산량은 요크셔와 F_1종이 다른 순종 및 비육돈에 비하여 높게 생산되었고(p<0.05), 듀록과 랜드레이스종이 가장 낮았다. 삼겹살 생산량은 듀록종이 낮았으며, 뒷다리는 요크셔와 F_1종이 다른 순종과 비육돈에 비하여 높게 생산되었고, 앞다리는 요크셔종이 생산량이 많았다(p<0.05). 일본 수출 기준에 따른 등심 합격률은 전체적으로 대단히 낮았고, 안심 합격률은 랜드레이스종이 100%로 가장 높았다. 앞다리와 뒷다리 합격률은 요크셔종이 각각 90.91%, 87.88%로 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 비육돈의 부분육 및 수출급격육 생산이 미흡하므로 이를 만족시킬 수 있는 순종의 도입과 교배체계의 확립이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The characteristics of carcass and meat yields of fattening pigs by production steps were investigated with Landrace (LL, n=41), Yorkshire (YY, n=33), and Duroc (DD, n=30), F_1 (LY, n=25), the Crossbred of LYD (n=48). Duroc had more weight loss in carcasses weight than that of the other breed(p<0.05). Yorkshire and F_1 had higher production weight in retail cut than that of the other pure or crossbred. Carcass from Landrace and F_1 were significantly longer in length than the other breed(p<0.05). F_1 produced wider carcass than the other breed. Carcass thickness at aitch bone was higher for F_1 and Crossbred than the other breed(p<0.05). Landrace, Yorkshire and F_1 produced more loin and tenderloin in weight than the other breed(p<0.05). Yorkshire and F_1 produced more picnic shoulder when compared to the other breed. The hind legs produced from Yorkshire and F_1 were higher in weight and the fore legs produced from the Crossbred were higher in weight. Duroc produced the lowest weight of belly among the breeds. The acceptance level of loin were extremely low for all breed. Landrace had the highest acceptance level for tenderloin. Yorkshire had the highest acceptance level for picnic shoulder and ham when evaluated by export standard of Japan. In conclusion, The introduction of pure breed and establishment of mating steps are necessary to produce highly accepted pork with high acceptance in carcass and meat yields.

공간자료와 지면모형을 이용한 면적증발산 추정

윤진일,남재철,홍석영,김준,김광수,정유란,채남이,최태진 한국농림기상학회 2004 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.6 No.3

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the hydrologic cycle which influences economic activities as well as the natural ecosystem. While there have been numerous studies on ET estimation for homogeneous areas using point measurements of meteorological variables, monitoring of spatial ET has not been possible at landscape - or watershed - scales. We propose a site-specific application of the land surface model, which is enabled by spatially interpolated input data at the desired resolution. Gyunggi Province of South Korea was divided into a regular grid of 10 million cells with 30m spacing and hourly temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation and solar irradiance were estimated for each grid cell by spatial interpolation of synoptic weather data. Topoclimatology models were used to accommodate effects of topography in a spatial interpolation procedure, including cold air drainage on nocturnal temperature and solar irradiance on daytime temperature. Satellite remote sensing data were used to classify the vegetation type of each grid cell, and corresponding spatial attributes including soil texture, canopy structure, and phenological features were identified. All data were fed into a standalone version of SiB2(Simple Biosphere Modell) to simulate latent heat flux at each grid cell. A computer program was written for data management in the cell - based SiB2 operation such as extracting input data for SiB2 from grid matrices and recombining the output data back to the grid format. ET estimates at selected grid cells were validated against the actual measurement of latent heat fluxes by eddy covariance measurement. We applied this system to obtain the spatial ET of the study area on a continuous basis for the 2001-2003 period. The results showed a strong feasibility of using spatial - data driven land surface models for operational monitoring of regional ET.

마이크로스트립-슬롯 공진기를 이용한 다중슬롯 대역통과 여파기

김건욱,홍익표,윤남일,박한규 延世大學校 電波通信共同硏究所 1997 電波通信論文誌 Vol.3 No.1

A bandpass filter with multi-slot structure using microstripslot resonator was fabricated. A fullwave analysis named SDA(Spectral Domain Approach) was used to obtain the effective epsilon, the chracteristic impedance and the resonant frequency of microstrip-slot sturucture. A centre frequency of the filter is 2㎓ and a bandwidth of it is 20㎒. It is also shown that multi-slot stucture can be applied in the X-band.

유리 섬유 강화 플라스틱 절삭시 가공 조건에 따른 표면 거칠기 연구

윤종강,이형원,김준완,김희남 명지대학교 대학원 1998 대학원논문집 Vol.2 No.-

GERP(Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic), a composite material made up of more than two different materials, is much more intensive and elastic than other metals. Because of these superior qualities, GFRP is increasingly being used in the construction of planes, ships, automobiles and machine structures. So, in cutting GFRP using the different tools KT110, KT150, and CT20, I will study surface roughness according to changes in cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut.