동맥경화증의 예방과 치료를 위한 영양과 운동처방

한성섭,김용재,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

1) Risk factors of aterosclerosis is Hypertension, hyperlipidermia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity and excessive smoking. Aterosclerosis begins at young age and worsens with age, particularty more so in men than women. For people with risk factors of atherosclerosis, it is important to prevent atherosclerosis-related disease with dietary, living pattern and exercise prescription. 2) Ditary fibers promote exercise of the digestive tract and shortens the time food remains inside the digestive tract. It can prevent obesity, hyperlipidermia, aterosclerosis and colon cancer by blocking the absorption of cholesterol. Various vegetables and sea foods are rich in unsaturated fats and can act prevent the absorption of cholesterol inside the digestive tract. 3) Occurrence of Coronary Heart Disease can largely be attributed to blood serum cholesterol. Particular attention should be paid to the increase of LDL cholesterol and decrease of HDL cholesterol as risk factors(If overall cholesterol/HDL cholesterol is below 3.5, it should be brought up to just below 4.5). HDL cholesterol is a lipo-protein that prevents atherosclerosis. 4) People with blood pressure of 160mmHg/90mmHg or higher shows 5 times higher rate of occurrence of atherosclerosis-related disease than people with normal blood pressure of 140mmHg/90mmHg, and smokers of a pack a day shoes 3-5times higher rate of occurrence than non-smokers. 5) Essential fatty acids and unsaturated fats, which are contained in vegetable oils, promotes metabolism while preventing absorption. In fruits, pectin, water-soluble fiber, is present and lowers the level of cholesterol. By consuming foods that are low in cholesterol and saturated fats, and rich in unsaturated fats, aliomentotherapy alone can reduce the plasma cholesterol by 10-15%. 6) For patients with LDL cholesterol level of 190mmHg/dl or higher, or LDL level of 160mmHg/dl or higher, and two or more rusk factors, drug therapy should be considered. The LDL cholesterol level should be kept below 130mmHg/dl and, desirably lower if possible. If the patient already has coronary heart disease, LDL cholesterol should even be lowered to and kept at below 100mmHg/dl. In treating high cholesterol, it is effective to use Resin and Lovastatin together or Lovastatin in combination. 7) Regular exercise is effective in preventing coronary arterial disease such as angina pectoris and infaction, inside it can lower the blood pressure and aids in weight control and release of stress. 8) For ideal exercise, it should be aerobic with Intensity of 60-80%HRmax(50-70%VO₂max), duration of 15-60min/day. The frequency of 3-6/week is desirable the better exercise prescription is endureance aerobic exercise. To get more effect exercise, exercise consistency very important.

한반도 재래식 군비통제 시대 : 정책목표별 추진 방안

한용섭 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2001 국제관계연구 Vol.5 No.1

The first-ever Korean summit in June 2000 was a remarkable event. Not only did the two heads of state sign a joint declaration, but the leaders repeatedly insisted that it would be implemented. Noticeably absent from the joint statement, however, was any mention of the need how to ease military tension and build a durable peace on the peninsula, Such issues were apparently raised by President Kim Dae-jung, but nothing was agreed. In October 2000 following the inter-Korean rapprochement, Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright met with the North Korean Chairman Kim Jong-il to discuss state-sponsored terrorism and missile testing and export issues. The meeting appeared fruitful, but it will likely take time and require a de facto "reward" to North Korea. There was also a joint communique before the visit on the need for steps replacing the 1953 Armistice Agreement with permanent peace arrangements. Despite the breakthrough achieved at the inter-Korean summit and the follow-up talks, the omission of conventional-warfare security issues should be a major concern-especially to South Korea. We should not forget North Korea's formidable conventional military threat to South Korea. Therefore, we need to address conventional security issues at the next inter-Korean summit without any reservation. Seoul's and Washington's engagement policy thus far has been a step-by-step approach starting from talking about political and economic issues, with security issues presumably coming up eventually. With the advent of George W. Bush Administration in Washington, its approach toward North Korea will change entirely, because President Bush and his secretaries frequently emphasized the need for being "tough" on North Korea's military threats-conventional and unconventional alike. At the same time, South Korean government reexamines the achievements and future approach toward North Korea in light of changes in domestic economic performance, public opinion, and US administration. This paper proposes a more ambitious, holistic and adaptive approach. It is based on the belief that for the engagement policy of Seoul and Washington to be sustainable and productive, it should include concrete steps now to reduce conventional military threats on the Korean Peninsula and build a peacefully coexisting Korean Peninsula. Simultaneous political, economic, and security negotiations would have the best chance of inducing the desired behavioral changes in the North. All security issues could be addressed in a single forum except for the US missile deal with North Korea. The English paper was originally published in the December 2000 issue of Arms Control Today under the title of "Time for Conventional Arms Control on the Korean Peninsula. Later, the author rewrote in Korean with substantial adjustment to the new situations in and around Korea. The Korean paper recommends South Korea's genuine approach to the conventional arms control issue from a holistic perspective with more effective strategy than ever.

북한의 미사일 위협과 우리의 대응책

한용섭(韓庸燮) 한국전략문제연구소 2000 전략연구 Vol.7 No.3

Modern era is the era of the ballistic missile. The ballistic missile renders the distinction between the frontal and rear area as well as the distinction between national boundaries meaningless. Missile enables standoff attack from the remote area, both from the air and sea without being noticed. This phenomenal change in the nature of battlefield necessitates new approach to battle management, military operation, and military strategy. Therefore, it is critical to analyze North Korea's missile development from a holistic view, not limited to its diplomatic maneuver with the United States. This paper attempts to analyze North Korea's objectives of missile development in terms of strategic, political and economic perspective. Then, it reviews the US approach to resolve the missile problem. After that, it will develop policy options for the South Korean government to deal with North Korea's continuous missile development as well as the missile development in Northeast Asia. North Korea has continuously developed its missile program from short to medium to long-range since late 19708. Surprisingly, the North test-launched three-staged long-range missile in August 1998, which affected experts and concerned governments to update North Korea's missile capabilities in a haste. Pyongyang not only develops its missiles from the military motivation to use it in the next war, but also use it for political and economic gains. The U.S. government sought to resolve the missile issue through negotiations with North Korea, while developing military options to deal with Pyongyang's missile threats by means of NMD, TMD, and regional cooperation to block missile exports to other proliferators by the North. South Korean government should consider four options to enhance its own missile and anti-missile capabilities. Those options include foreign acquisition, domestic research and development, pressing North Korea to accede to the missile technology control regime and comply with its requirements, and enhancing Korean all power to be able to destroy all North Korean missile sites with the beginning of the war. This paper compares merits and demerits of each option. It also provides in -depth analysis on those options so that South Korean government can achieve its mid to long-tenn security goals and advance its missile and missile defense technology.

벼의 잎 ·목 稻熱病에 대한 抵抗性의 比較

權寧閑,鄭厚燮,趙鏞涉,朴恩雨 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.1

1. Differences in reactions of leaf and neck of rice plants to rice blast among four rice cultivars were observed in a paddy field. Cultivars Jinheung and Milyang 23 showed susceptible and resistant reactions, respectively, on both leaf and neck. Cultivar Norin 6 was susceptible to leaf blast and became intermediately resistant to neck blast whereas cultivar Ginga showed resistant and intermediately resistant reactions on leaf and neck, respectively. 2. Three different heading dates at 5 to 8 day intervals were induced by transplanting seedlings of four cultivars from seedling beds to a paddy field three times at 9 to 10 day intervals. When blast severity was compared within cultivars, leaf blast severity increased as heading dates became late. However, neck blast severity was greater in plots with early heading dates than those with late heading dates. 3. Spore germination of two isolates of Pyricularia oryzae in tissue extracts from leaf and neck of four rice cultivars indicated significant interactions between cultivars and isolates. However, spore germinations in leaf and neck extracts were not significantly different. Mean degree of hyphal growth of four P. oryzae isolates on the sheath adaxial epidermis indicated significant interactions between cultivars and isolates. 4. Some anatomical characteristics of leaf and neck of four cultivars did not have apparent relationship with the reactions of four cultivars to rice blast in the paddy field. Also, the amounts of the total nitrogen, sugar, P₂O??, and SiO in flag leaf and neck were not significantly different among four cultivars and did not seem to affect changes in reactions of cultivars Norin 6 and Ginga to leaf and neck blasts observed in the paddy field.

Clonidine의 투여가 수술 후 통증 조절에 필요한 morphine 요구량에 미치는 효과

신용섭,한규철 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

To investigate the effect of intravenous clonidine on morphine requirements in the postoperative period, 20 ASA physical status 1 patients who had undergone spinal surgery were studied. Clonidine group (10 patients) received clonidine 3 ㎍/kg intravenously 30 min before endotracheal extubation and received morphine infusion through a patient-controlled analgesia device (bakground infusion, morphine 10 ㎍/kg/hour ; subsequent dose, morphine 20㎍/kg on demand ; lockout time 10 minutes). The control group (10 patients) received only morphine with same device. At the following times : 30 min, 1, 3, 5 and 24 hour after endotracheal extubation, pain intensity and sedation score were evaluated. Also, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and any side effects were recorded. There were no significant differences between the clonidine and control groups with respect to postoperative pain. The amount of morphine delivered was lower in the clonidine group compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference between clonidine and control groups. The clonidine group was accompanied by sdation and decreased arterial blood pressure 30 min after endotracheal extubation. There was no significant difference in respiratory rate at any time interval. These results suggest that during the 24 hours following spinal surgery, postoperative morphine requirements could not be reduced significantly by single intravenous administration of clonidine 3 ㎍/kg.

비만의 예방과 치료를 위한 영양과 운동처방

김용재,한성섭,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

1. Obesity is an excessively increased state of total body fat, and it means that body fat is much more than normalcy by exercised 20 % in men and 30% in women. The causes of obesity are genetic body, environment, lack of exercise, meal pattern, psychological and social factor. And, obesity increased the risk of body unbalance and disease. Obese individual has a more and larger adipocytes fat cell than normal individual. And the number of adipocytes fat cell increases 4 times between 1∼22 years old. Adipose tissue LPL activity is elevated in obese individual. 2. Obesity promotes the adult-disease and increase the possibility of heart disease, hepatism, Mellitus(diabetes), Hypertension and Arteriosclerosis by 15∼40%. ① As the weight of hypertensive decreases, the blood pressure decreases, on the contrary, as the former increases, the latter increases. ② After decrease of weight, blood plasma tryglyceride becomes rare. ③ obesity induces the Mellitus and has remarkable relation with overweight. ④ By the phenomena of excessive insulin structure in the state of obesity, it was proves that insulin causes insulin resistance and insensitivity 3. Respiratory problems and other diseases are the CO₂ retention problems by the lack of exercise and the occurrence of gouty attacks (in the case of30% above average weight). In men, the higher mortality was for colorectal and prostate cancer, and in women, for endometrial, gallbladder and breast cancer. 4. Because BAT(Brown Adipose Tissue) emits the heat by oxidizing the fat-acid in cell, it has an important role as a regulator of body heat and energy balance. And, it seems that BAT in intimately associated with obesity through the weight regulation. 5. The therapeutic use of exercise to reverse obesity has been widely hailed. Exercise strengthens, softens the muscles and increases the chemical action and metabolism. Weight regulation by drugs has to be accompanied by metabolism and dietary management. The strength of exercise has to be maintained 80% of maximum pulse frequency, the duration of exercise has to be sustained 15∼20minutes after 3 minutes of warming up. It is recommended that 3∼6 times of exercise a week is suitable

아침 식사시간의 다른 사람들에서 혈장 그렐린의 변화

이상엽,김윤진,김형회,손한철,전태용,심문섭 대한비만학회 2002 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.11 No.2

연구배경 : 최근 식욕조절인자로 관심이 집중되고 있는 그렐린(ghrelin)은 식사 전후로 독한 일중변동을 보인다. 하지만, 지금까지는 실험적으로 일정한 열량의 표준 음식을 일정한 식사시간에 공급한 이후 그렐린의 농도 변화를 관찰하였다. 저자 등은 평소 아침 식사시간이 각기 다른 사람들에서 아침 식사 전후의 혈장 그렐린 농도 변화를 관찰하여 향후 외래 환경에서도 그렐린 관련 연구가 가능하도록 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방법 : 연구에 대한 설명을 듣고 동의한 23.4 ~ 35.5세 사이의 비교적 건강한 동양인 남자 4명을 대상으로 하였다. 신체 계측을 한 후 이중 에너지 방사선 측정법 (Lunar prodigy, GE medical systems, Waukesha, Wisconsis, USA, 이하 DEXA)으로 체지방을 측정하였다. 연구 대상자 모두 평소 아침 식사시간이 일정하였지만 연구 시작 2주전부터 아침 식사시간을 엄격히 고정하도록 하였다. 스트레스가 없는 상태에서 아침 식사를 하지 않는 지원자는 오전 6시 30분부터, 나머지는 아침식사 시간 1시간 전부터 1시간 간격으로 점심 식사 전인 오전 11시 30분까지 채혈하였다. 각각의 검체로 부터 혈장 그렐린은 상업적인 방사선면역측정법 (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Belmont, CA)으로 측정되었다. 랩틴은 Ⅰ-125 표지 랩틴을 이용한 이중항체 방사선면역측정법으로, 혈장 인슐린은 항체 부착관을 이용한 방사선면역측정법으로, 혈당은 포도당산화 효소법에 의해 Synchron LX 20 (Beckman Coulter, Inc, Fullerton, USA)으로 측정하였다. 결과 : 연구 대상자의 체질량지수는 22.9 ~ 27.1 kg/㎡이었고, 허리둘레는 80.3 ~ 93.3 cm이었다. DEXA로 측정한 결과 전체 체지방과 체부지방 비율은 각각 27.1 ~ 31.8%와 32.7 ~ 32.4%이었다. 아침 식사를 하지 않는 자를 제외한 나머지 연구 대상자의 아침 식사 직전의 식후 2시간의 혈장 그렐린 농도는 각각 113.0 ~ 800.0 pg/mL, 78.3 ~ 553.0 pg/mL이었고 랩틴 농도는 각각 4.9 ~ 5.1 ng/mL, 4.4 ~ 4.7 ng/mL 이었다. 혈장 그렐린 랩틴 농도는 아침 식사 직전에 비해 식사 2시간 후 각각 7.2 ~ 30.9%와 7.8 ~ 10.2%감소되었다. 아침식사를 하지 않는 대상자의 경우 인슐린과 혈당치가 변화가 없음에도 불구하고 혈장 그렐린 농도는 오전 7시 30분에 가장 낮았다. 그 외 연구 대상자에서는 각기 다른 시간이더라도 아침 식사 2시간 후의 혈장 그렐린 농도가 가장 낮았다. 결론 : 평소 아침 식사시간이 다른 사람들에게서 혈장 그렐린 농도는 각기 다른 아침 식사 2 시간 후에 가장 낮았다. 아침 식사를 하지 않는 경우에는 혈장 그렐린 농도가 오전 7시 30분에 가장 낮았다. Background : Recently, the particular interest is on ghrelin, the dietary control factor among many scientists and it a toxic diurnal variations has been demonstrated before and after meal. However, the experimental approach has been only to see the changes in the concentration of ghrelin after intake of meals standardized with fixed calories at scheduled meal hours. the authors of this particular experiment have tried to observe and record the changes in concentrations of plasma ghrelin of persons with different breakfast hours. This might help in providing a basis for further possible studies in outpatient setting. Method : A group of four relatively healthy males whose ages between 23.4 and 35.5 with prior agreements were selected for this study. After body measurements, body lipid status was measured based on Lunar prodigy (GE medical systems, Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA) which is also referred to as DEXA. All of the selected persons had somewhat fixed breakfast time; however, they were asked to strictly keep their breakfast time fixed and steady starting two weeks before the beginning of experiment. The bloods of those who skip their breakfast without any particular stress were sampled at 6:30 AM, whereas the rest had different schedule, whose bloods were sampled every hour starting 1 hour before the first meal of the day till just before lunch (11:30 Am). From each blood sample, the level of plasma ghrelin was measured using the commercial radioimmune assay (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Belmont, CA). Leptin was measured with double antibody radioimmune assay using Ⅰ-125 labelled leptin, plasma insulin with radioimmune assay using antibody attachment tube, and blood sugar with Synchron LX20 (Beckman Coulter, Inc, Fullerton, USA) using glucosylation enzyme method. Result : The body mass index of the volunteers was 22.9 ~ 27.1 kg/㎡, with 80.3 ~ 93.3 cm waist circumference. Based on measurements by DEXA, the rates of total body lipid and trunk lipid were each 27.1 ~ 31.8% and 32.7 ~ 32.4%, respectively. The concentrations of plasma ghrelin of those who consume their breakfast before and 2 hour after their breakfast are 113.0 ~ 800.0 pg/mL and 78.3 ~ 553.0 pg/mL. The concentrations of leptin are 4.9 ~ 5.1 ng/mL and 4.4 ~ 4.7 ng/mL. Compared to the concentration of plasma ghrelin and of leptin recorded just before breakfast, it showed 7.2 ~ 30.9% and 7.8 ~ 10.2% decrease, respectively, 2 hours after breakfast. For those who skip their breakfast, the plasma concentration of ghrelin was recorded the lowest at 7:30 AM, even though there was no change in insulin and blood sugar. The rest of the subjects had their lowest plasma ghrelin concentration at 2 hours after breakfast, despite their different meal schedule. Conclusion : The persons with different breakfast hours had their lowest plasma concentration of ghrelin at 2 hours after breakfast. In contrast, the persons who skip their breakfast had their lowest concentration at 7: 30 AM.

농아에서의 측두골 전산화 단층촬영 소견과 다른검사 요인과의 연관성

조태환,이상흔,권대구,엄규상,성창섭,김용선,한기원 경북대학교 병원 1998 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Temporal bone high resolution computed tomogram(TBHRCT)is a essential diagnostic tool in considering for cochlear implantation in patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss. This study was designed for an effort to provide and efficacy of TBHRCT in determination of inner ear malformations for the patients who have profound sensorineural hearing loss and to examine the relationships between TBHRCT findings and other preoperative evalutions for cochlear implantation in that patients. Authors examined 68 deaf patients to provide fundamental data for cochlear implantation. Inner ear abnormalities were founded in 13(19%) patients, among which 10(14.7%) patients had Mondini'dysplasia in which 5 patients were hypoplastic type and 5 patients were hydrops type. Other inner ear abnormalities were as follows : lateral semicircular canal hypoplasia ; internal auditory canal abnormality ; cochlear aqueduct widening ; vestibular aqueduct widening. No relationships were found between TBHRCT findings and other test results. : promontory test, K-WISC cognitive test etc.(Korean J Otolaryngol 39 : 8, 1996)

특말성 혈소판감소성자반증 산모에서 Le^b 항원소실과 함께 발생한 anti-Le^bH 항체 1례

조석구,임지향,김용구,한경자,한치화,이안희,한규섭,김춘추,이경식 大韓輸血學會 1998 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

수술 전 혈청 갑상선 자극 호르몬(TSH)수치와 갑상선 유두암과의 상관관계

송금종,한선욱,이진형<SUP>1<,SUP>,우희두<SUP>2<,SUP>,김성용,김재우<SUP>3<,SUP>,박래경<SUP>1<,SUP>,백무준,김창호,Geum Jong Song,M,D,Sun Wook Han,M,D,Jin-Hyung Lee,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Hee-Doo Woo,M,D,<SUP>2<,SUP>,Sung Yong Kim,M,D,Ph 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2012 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: Recent research has shown that there is a relationship between the level of preoperative serum TSH and a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this study examined the correlation between the serum TSH and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods: The preoperative serum TSH level of papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular hyperplasia of 418 patients from 2009 Jan. to 2011 Dec. was examined. The patients were divided into 3 groups, nodular hyperplasia, less than 1 cm micropapillary carcinoma and more than 1 cm papillary carcinoma, and their TSH levels were compared. Results: Nodular hyperplasia and total papillary carcinoma was found in 98 (23.0%) and 322 (77.0%) patients, respectively. After dividing the patients according to the size of the mass, there were 224 (53.6%) patients with a mass less than 1 cm in size and 98 (23.4%) patients with a mass more than 1 cm in size. The preoperative serum TSH level of the 3 groups showed a significant difference, which was 1.180±1.168 ՌIU/ml in the nodular hyperplasia group, 1.670±1.224 ՌIU/ml in the micropapillary carcinoma group and 2.279±2.837 ՌIU/ml in the papillary carcinoma group (P<0.001). On the other hand, there were no significant correlations between the preoperative serum TSH level and gender, age, metastasis to lymph node, number of masses and extrathyroidal extensions. Conclusion: The larger size of the papillary thyroid carcinoma, the higher the preoperative high serum TSH level. Therefore, the stimulation of TSH can affect the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma but more study will be needed.