도축폐수에서 분리된 Staphylococcus lentus에 의한 도축폐수의 성상 변화

손연주,박재림 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

2000년 4월부터 7월까지 3차례예 걸쳐 채취한 도축폐수에서 세균을 분리, 동정하였다. 동정된 미생물의 차점종 S. lentus에 적합한 배양조건을 파악하고 도축폐수의 성상변화를 실험하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. S. lentus의 최적 배양조건은 nutrient broth에서 35℃, 120 rpm이였다. 도축폐수의 DO는4.14 mg/l, BOD는 1731.21 mg/l, BOD/COD_(cr),비는 0.53~0.64, T-P/T-N의 비는 1.00~1.41, 생균수는 5.47×10^(7) CFU로 나타났다. T-N의 변화는 배양 36시간까지 17% 감소에 그쳤고, NH^(4+)-N은 배양 36시간까지 모든 시료에서 증가하였고, nutrient broth에 도축폐수 원액 10%를 첨가한 시료에서 초기 29.19 mg/l에서 36시간에 570.36 mg/l으로 19.5배가 증가하였으나 원액 3%에서 초기 9.7 mg/l에서 403 mg/l로 41.6배의 가장 큰 효능을 나타냈다. NO_(3)^(-)-N은 nutrient broth에 원액 10%를 첨가한 시료에서 S. lentus에 의하여 배양초기에 73.31 mg/l에서 24시간까지 33.56 mg/l로 급격하게 감소되었다. T-P는 nutrient broth에 원액 10%를 첨가했을 때 S. lentus에 의하여 24시간동안 193.81 mg/l에서 101.41 mg/l까지 지속적으로 감소되었으며,5% 첨가는 배양 12시간 동안 188.74 mg/l에서92.59 mg/l로 급격하게 감소되었다 This study was carried out to check changes of components in the slaughter waste by the bacteria isolated from slaughter wastes from Gyungnam Province from May to June 2000, and to find useful organism for treatment of the waste. Bacteria used in this study were Staphylococcus lentus, as the second dominant of the waste. Optimum conditions for bacterial culture were obtained as the temperature of 35℃, pH 6.5, and shaking of 120 rpm in nutrient broth. The mean values of dissolved oxygen was 4.14 mg/l; biochemical oxygen demand, 1731.21 mg/l; ratio of BOD/COD, 0.53-0.64; ratio of T-P/T-N, 1.0-1.41; and viable counts of the waste, 5.47x10^(7) CFU. Little change in total nitrogen observed by 36 hr of the culture. The largest amount of increasing NH_(4)^(+)-N(19.5 times) was observed in the sample that 10% of the waste added in nutrient broth with S. lentus showing the value of 29.19 mg/l at the beginning to 570.36 mg/l by 36 hr of culture. However, the highest increasing ratio between initial amount and finals at 36 hr of culture showed as 41.6 times(from 9.7 to 403 mg/I) when 3% of the waste added. NO_(3)-N was decreased showing the value of 73.31 mg/I to 33.56 mg/I by 24 hr of culture with the organism when 10% of the waste added in nutrient broth. Total phosphorus was decreased showing the value from 188.74 mg/I to 92.59 mg/I after 12 hr of culture with the organism when 5% of the waste added in nutrient broth, while T-P was decreased gradually by 24 hr of culture from 193.8 to 101.4 mg/l when 10% of the waste added.

결속 형태소 -히- 분석 : 수동 동사와 비대격동사 형성 Lexical passive Verb and Unaccustive Verb Formation

朴姸美 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1996 産業技術 Vol.6 No.-

This paper studies the bound morpheme -hi-, traditionally known as passive morpheme, in the light of the synatactic approach to word formation. -hi- is classified into -hi[anticausative] and -hi[passive] based on its semantic feature. The Lexical Representation for -hi- is proposed in such a way that it brings about two lexical operations i.e. anticausativization and lexical passive formation. It is argued that the two lexical operations are not triggered by and explicit morphosyntactic rule but derived by independent principles for word formation. It is proposed that the attachment of -hi[anticausative] to a certain verb brings about anticausativization, which deletes the external argument of the verb in the Lixicon. while that of -hi[passive]- results in a passive lexicalization, which externalizes an internal argument of the verb.. The attachment of -hi- to a certain V is predicted such that -hi[anticausative] is to attach only to V[+causative] and -hi-[passive] only to V[-causative]. Such complementary distribution of -hi- is to be accounted for by the No Vacuous Affixation Principle.

Tyrocidine synthetase의 aminoadenylate 형성 domain의 발현

김연옥 선문대학교 첨단과학기술연구소 1997 첨단과학기술연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Peptide synthetase에 aminoadenylate domain의 존재여부를 규명하기위해 121kDa의 tyrocidine synthetase (TycA)의 유전자를 보유하고 있는 pGC12플라스미드를 이용하여 pK8 플라스미드를 설계 제작하였다. pK8은 3.5kb의 tyrocidine synthetase 1유전자 tycA중 1.2kb가 결실되었고 tyrocidine synthetase내에 adenylate 활성 domain으로 추측되는 유전자 단편과 C-terminus유전자 단편으로 구성되어 있으며 대장균 XL1-blue에서 79.6kDa으로 발현되었다. 이 결실효소(△ TycA)를 분리 정제한 후 ATP-(^(32)P)PPi exchange법을 응용하여 효소활성을 측정하였으며 기질 phenylalanine과 유사기질에 대한 TyaA와 △TycA의 aminoadenylate형성에 대한 기질친화도를 비교 분석하였다. The plasmide pK8 was constructed to verify the existence of an adenylate domain in Peptide synthetase by usingp GC12, 1.2kb fragment, which coding tyrocidine synthetase 1 (12lkDa) was deleted and 79.6kDa one was expressed in Escherichia coli XL-blue. The truncated multienzyme activated phenylalanine and substrate analogues with comparable kinetics as the over expressed synthetase. ATP-[^(32)P]PPi exchange reaction was measur for the enzyme assay.

대청호소수의 조류여과 및 인 제거를 위한 패각입자 응용

이연의,왕창근,정현상 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1999 環境硏究 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop new phosphorus removal technology which is not producing sludge, not adding chemicals, and easy to operate. This study was based on precipitation mechanism and was performed to see phosphorus removal efficiency of various clamshells serving as surface precipitation media. The results obtained from this study are following ; The batch tests performed with Daechung Lake water using the clamshell granules showed good removal efficiencies of phosphorus (up to 70%), chlorophyll a (up to 80%), turbidity (up to 80%), and total organic carbon (up to 50%) in the first stage. The removal efficiency decreased during repeated operation because of clogging of the clamshells void, but the removal efficiency was recovered after backwash with air and water. Judging from the results from this research, this technology can be applied for prevention of eutrophication and algal bloom in the lakes.

Peptide Synthetase의 활성 Adenylate 형성 Domain의 발현

김연옥,김기영,이성,이영행,유병수 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구에서는 typrocidine synthetase 1(tycA)를 motif-I에서 motif-O까지 결실시킨후 E. coli에 발현시켜 효소의 activity를 측정한 결과 motif-I에서 motif-O까지는 aminoadenylate 형성 과정에서 필수적인 부위가 아님을 규명하였다. 이 결과는 in vitro 실험을 통해 발표된 효소의 AMP binding(C-motif) Adenine binding(E-motif) 및 ATP binding(F-motif) 대한 연구를 뒷바침 할 수 있는 좋은 결과로 사료되고 있다. 위와같은 연구들을 통해 생체활성물질을 생성하는 multienzyme을 보다 더 잘 이해할 수 있으며 또한 이 합성효소들을 유전자 조작에 의한 새로운 효소 디자인 및 설계에 유용한 자료가 될 것이고, 아울러 위의 방법들을 응용할 경우 신물질을 개발할 수 있는 하나의 좋은 방법이 될 것이다. The plasmid pK8 was constructed to verify the existence of an adenylate domain in peptide synthetase by using pGC12. 1.2 kb fragment, coding typrocidine synthetase 1 (123 kDa) was deleted, and 79.6 kDa one was expressed in Escherichia coli XL1-blue. The truncated multienzyme activated phenylalanine and substrate analogues with comparable kinetics as the over expressed synthetase. ATP-[^32]PPi exchange reaction was measured for the enzyme assay.

On Small Clauses

박연미 弘益大學校 人文科學硏究所 1999 人文科學 Vol.7 No.-

본 논문은 소절에 대한 소절이론과 서술부이론의 중요한 특성들을 비교 정리한 후 이 두 이론이 지닌 문제점들을 임상적인 현상과 더불어 이론적인 문제들과 연관시켜 제시한다. 영어와 한국어를 비교 연구하여 본 논문의 주제인 소절 즉 명사구와 그 뒤에 오는 최대투사구의 통사적 구성소는 보어서술어로 분석되어야함을 제안한다. 즉 이 구성소는 동사에 의해서 하위 범주화되는 보어이며 동시에 논항으로써의 기능을 하지 않는 서술어이다.

악성종양환자의 구강 사정지침에 대한 신뢰도 검증

정연이 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1996 간호학 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Oral cavity changes have been recognized as a problem in cancer treatment but the lack of clear, concise and clinically useful tool for assessing such changes has interfered with nursing care for the patient receiving stomatoxic treatments. The purpose of this study was to test the interrater reliability of an oral assessment guide. The OAG(Oral Assessment Guide) defines three levels of descriptor for each of eight categories(voice, swallowing lips, tongue, salivation, oral mucosa, gingiva & teeth). To establish the interrater reliability of OAG, eight registered nursed assessed the oral cavities of the subjects. The number of subjects was five, in which four patients who were undergoing stomatoxic therapy, and one without stomatotoxic therapy normal. The results obtained: 1. The nurse/nurse interrater reliability using Kendall's coefficient of concordance was W=0.894. 2. Swallowing was the most reliable(Kendall's W=1) and the tongue was the least reliable(W=0.3140). 3. The order of reliability of 8 categories were swallowing, lips, salivation, gingiva, voice, oral mucosa, teeth and tongue. High reliability of OAG among interrators indicated the usefulness of this tool in the clinic. By carefully and systematically inspecting a person's mouth, the nurse can detect alteration in oral status and provide early intervention. Additional testing of the OAG will help substantiate application of the tool.

韓國經濟發展의 原因과 東歐諸國의 市場經濟改革 問題

金淵洙 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1996 社會科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

20世紀 유럽에서의 가장 큰 政治的 變革은 분명히 1989年 폴랜드에서 始作이 되어 全 東歐地域에서 社會主義 國家들이 民主主義的 政治改革을 한것이다. 그러나 1994年 불가리아에서 다시 政變, 다시말해 다시 共産黨이 革命이 아닌 民主選擧를 통하여 再執權을 함으로써 우리에게 새로운 疑間을 提起하였는데 그것은 이 社會主義國家들이 어떤 政治 改革을 하여야 民主國家가 될수있을까 하는 問題이다. 더욱이 東歐國家中에는 民主改革을 위해서 第2의 改革으로 經濟的 改革도 成功的으로 修行을 하여야만 하는데 왜냐하면 그래야 民主政治 改革의 완성의 길이기 때문이다. 現在 東歐國家들은 그들의 經濟改革으로써 市場經濟을 建設하기 위해 努力을 하고 있다. 더욱이 이 國家中에는 韓國의 成功한 經濟開發政策을 模倣까지 하고 있는데 그 理由에서 우선 韓國이 어떻게 經濟開發政策에 成功하였는가 그 原因을 먼저 調査 糾明을 한후 東歐國家들의 經濟開發政策에 대한 本人의 所見을 披瀝하고자 한다.

협동적 읽기·쓰기 통합(CIRC) 프로그램을 적용한 초등학생의 읽기 능력 및 쓰기 능력 분석

윤연희 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2004 이화교육논총 Vol.14 No.-

Cooperative instruction was applied for the principles of cooperative instruction and various instruction strategies, as improving respondsibility and structuring of instruction. The purposes of cooperative instruction on subject were overcoming the problem of established instruction and making subject instruction moreeffectively. Especiallly, it was premised that cooperative instruction in language subject helps to improve a various language abilities. Due to the premise, utilization and application of CIRC program have been remarked. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze of the elementary students' reading and writing abilities with the application of CIRC program. The questions of this study were as follows: 1. How the participants had changed on their reading abilities with the application of CIRC program, especially abilities for construct, organize, and express text? 2. How the participants had changed on their writing abilities with the application of CIRC program, especially abilities for construct, organize, and express text? The participants of this study was the 3rd grade students in one class of an elementary school. The participants had received 45 classes, for 9 weeks related to integrated reading and writing lessons. It was applied pre-and post- t-tests ofr evaluating an improvement of reading and writing abilities. The results of this study were as follows: First, in terms of reading abilities, the participants showed and improvement in understanding, summarizing, and reasoning abilities with the application of CIRC program. Second, in terms of writing abilities, the participants showed and improvement in abilities for construct, organize text with the application of CIRC program. But the participants didn't show an improvement in ability for express text with the application of CIRC program. The implication of this study was that the use of CIRC program helped to imjprove the elementary students' reading and writing abilities. However, it was strongly needed to improve an experimental research design which could compare an effectiveness of CIRC program with the control and experimental groups.

치아전돌자와 치아밀집자의 측모두부방사선학적 비교

이연수,황현식,강병철 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of lateral cephalometric charateristics between dental protrusion and crowding individuals and to find out the possible etiologic factors of each malocclusion. Twenty nine dental protrusion and twenty two crowding individuals were selected from the 4,500 patient records. The tooth size was measured from central incisor to first molar using diagonstic study cast and was compared between two groups. After tracing the lateral cephalometric radiographs, measurements for skeletal factor, hyoid bone position, and incisal position were identified. The means and standard deviations of the measurement of each group were calculated and compared between two groups. Through the comparison of the measurement between two groups, following results were obtained 1. As a result of comparing the tooth size of dental protrusion group with that of crowding group, there was no significant difference between two groups. 2. In the comparison of skeletal measurements, S-N, A'-Ptm', SNA, ANB, and facial convexity of protrusion group showed greater value than crowding group. 3. The measurements of hy-PP and hy-MP showing vertical position of hyoid bone were smaller in protrusion group than those in crowding group. 4. The measurement of hy'-Go showing anteroposterior position of hyoid bone was larger in protrusion group than that in crowding group. The results of the present study showed that dental protrusion inidviduals had the tendency of maxillary protrusion and antero-superior position of the hyoid bone compared to crowding individuals, and these features could be explained as possible etiologic factors of dental protrusion or crowding malocclusion.