The Kargil War: Contending Perspectives of Pakistan and India

( Marium Fatima ) 한국국방연구원 2016 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.28 No.4

In the winter of 1998-99, the inexplicable presence of Pakistani troops under the pretext of being local freedom fighters in the Indian-administered side of Kashmir brought the region to the brink of a nuclear war. This paper probes the military rationale behind Pakistan`s initiative, organizational interests, internal politicking among different state organs, and the role of a few powerful individuals in the operation. It takes into account the important dimensions of strategy employed during the preparations for the Kargil War and the errors on the part of Pakistani planners which if addressed could have reversed the outcome of the operation. The controversies surrounding the Kargil conflict are discussed through the works of academicians and memoirs of the military commanders from India and Pakistan. The first part of the paper focuses on the rivalry and causes of the outbreak of war between India and Pakistan by explaining the beliefs and psychology of the military planners based on the premise of Cashman and Robinson. The second part reviews the political and nuclear milieu in which the conflict took place, while the third part accounts for the international efforts to prevent the conflict from escalating. The fourth part draws conclusions from the entire episode, indicating the discrepancies on both sides and the evidence that Kargil was unique because it challenged the military logics.

Purification of Lovastatin from Aspergillus terreus (KM017963) and Evaluation of its Anticancer and Antioxidant Properties

Bhargavi, SD,Praveen, VK,Marium, Salah,Sreepriya, M,Savitha, J Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide and thus one of the leading causes of mortality in women. Lovastatin, a non polar, anticholesterol drug has previously been reported to exert antitumour activity in vitro. In the present study, lovastatin from Aspergillus terreus (KM017963) was purified by adsoprtion chromatography and evaluated for its anticancer and anti-oxidant properties with a human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Growth inhibitory and proapoptotic effects of purified lovastatin on HeLa cells were investigated by determining its influence on cell numbers, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA fragmentation and antioxidant properties in terms of hydroxy radical scavenging effects as well as levels of total reduced glutathione. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry (propidium iodide staining) confirmed induction of apoptotic cell death and revealed cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Results of the study give leads for the anticancer effects of lovastatin and its potential usefulness in the chemotherapy of cervical cancer.

Implementation of Acupuncture Therapy in the Care of Patients with Breast Cancer

Fizzah Arif,Syeda Fizzah Haroon,Marium Aon Balagamwala 사단법인약침학회 2017 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.10 No.3

An algorithm and method for sentiment analysis using the text and emoticon

Mohammad Aman Ullah,Syeda Maliha Marium,Shamim Ara Begum,Nibadita Saha Dipa 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.4

People nowadays use emoticons in their text increasingly in order to express their feelings or recapitulate their words. Earlier machine learning techniques only involve the classification of text, emoticons or images solely where emoticons with text have always been neglected, thus ignored lots of emotions. This research proposed an algorithm and method for sentiment analysis using both text and emoticon. In this work, both modes of data were analyzed in combined and separately with both machine learning and deep learning algorithms for finding sentiments from twitter based airline data using several features such as TF–IDF, Bag of words, N-gram, and emoticon lexicons. This research demonstrates that whenever emoticons are used, their associated sentiment dominates the sentiment conveyed by textual data analysis. Also, deep learning algorithms are found to be better than machine learning algorithms.

Synchronous Reference Frame Theory Based Intelligent Controller for Current THD Reduction

Al-Ammar Essam A.,Ul Haq Azhar,Iqbal Ahsan,Ko Wonsuk,Jalal Marium,Anjum Muhammad Almas,Choi Hyeong-Jin,Kang Hyun-Koo 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.6

Concerns related to current harmonics have gained increased attention in recent years due to technological advancement in power electronics and the proliferation of non-linear loads in power distribution system. It has become challenging to limit current total harmonic distortion (THD) at consumer end mainly due to increased penetration of intermittent switching based non-linear loads. Shunt active power fi lter (SAPF) is considered a marvelous power electronics device to tackle consumer side current harmonics. This paper presents a synchronous reference frame (SRF) based improved control method for compliant working of SAPF to reduce current harmonics in the distribution network with same and diff erent THD levels in three phases. This research work investigates an eff ectual DC link voltage control technique linked with SRF based control of SAPF to eff ectively mitigate current harmonics. A fuzzy logic-based automatic switch (FLBAS) is designed according to the THD standards of IET and IEEE for real-time controlling of SRF based control of SAPF. In addition, S-plane stability analysis of the proposed control scheme is performed using the model of SAPF’s inverter. It is established that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable with the proposed control scheme. The presented simulation results validate the eff ectiveness of the proposed control technique for SAPF robustly.

Peak Detection and Tracking of PPG Signal: A Multi model approach using Empirical Mode Decomposition & Machine Learning

AHM Zadidul Karim,Md Abdullah Al Mahmud,Md Sazal Miah,Shikder Shafiul Bashar,Seungmin Oh,Jinsul Kim,Maliha Marium 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2020 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.2 No.2

Photoplethesmography (PPG) is a low cost, non-invasive heart Rate (HR) monitoring process. It contains important health information. So, based on these characteristics this paper has taken step to go with it. PPG signal recorded very easily from the surface of the skin by using wearable device. So, during exercise PPG signal is corrupted heavily by Motion Artifact (MA). The interest of this paper is to work on removing the MA and reconstruction of clean PPG signal. This paper has worked on two stages. One is the tracking of PPG signal and detection of the peak of ECG signal.

Active and passive surveillance of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Bangladesh

Halder, Shukla,Chowdhury, Emdadul Haque,Parvin, Rokshana,Rahaman, Mohammad Moshiyour,Rahman, Seikh Masudur,Saha, Shib Shankar,Sultana, Sajeda,Marium, Nadira,Islam, Azharul,Rahman, Md. Siddiqur,Song, H The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is present in this country and to analyze the Global BSE Risk (GBR) status in Bangladesh. A total of 2,000 brain samples were collected from cattle older than 30 months of age, slaughtered for human consumption in the district slaughter houses from 2005 to 2006. The brainstem (obex), Pyriform lobe, cerebrum and cerebellum were subjected to histopathological study. Samples that showed some nonspecific lesions were subjected to immunohistochemistry and only brain stem to ELISA for the detection of abnormal prion protein $PrP^{sc}$. In passive surveillance, annual overall diseases of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats in Bangladesh were collected from Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Dhaka to investigate the occurrences of neurological diseases. Import related data were collected from "National Export Promotion Bureau" Kawran Bazar, Bangladesh Bank and DLS to analyze the importing products of animal origin (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats) from different countries to find whether or not the imported products posed any risk for the BSE. In an actire surveillance conducted in slaughter house, histopathologically BSE specific lesions were not detected in any of the brain samples, but other nonspecific lesions were observed. No $PrP^{sc}$ was detected from the samples by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DLS report also supported the absence of BSE in cattle and buffalo and scrapie in sheep and goats in Bangladesh. It was also clearly recorded that Bangladesh imported livestock products from countries in GBR level I and II but not from countries in GBR level III and IV. From this study it apparently seems that BSE is not currently present in the indigenous animals in Bangladesh and poses no or negligible risk to human and animal health.

Preliminary phytochemical and biological investigations of ethanolic extract of Grewia hirsute Vahl

Munny Das,Dipti Debnath,Md. Amdadul Hoque,Md. Sohanur Rahman,Sumaiya Alam,아자 룰 이슬람,Mst. Marium Begum 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2019 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.19 No.2

The study was designed to determine the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, antimicrobial activities and presence of phytochemical constituents of ethanolic extract of Grewia hirsute (EGH) Vahl. Analgesic property was investigated by acetic acid, hot plate, and formalin induced writhing method, anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by xylin generated ear edema and carrageenan-induced edema in rat paw, anti-diarrheal study was conducted by castor oil and testing of gut motility using barium sulfate ( BaSO4) and anti-microbial activity was assessed by disc diffusion method. In hot plate method, 250 mg/kg b.w. disclosed higher percentage latency elongation. In acetic acid-induced analgesia, percentage of writhing inhibition for 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w doses of plant extract and standard drug were 55%, 70% and 84% respectively. At later phase, 250, 500 mg/kg b.w doses of extract and standard drug showed 66.01%, 76.3% and 82.608% writhing inhibition individually in analgesia induced by formalin. In xylin-induced ear edema, 500 mg/kg b.w. dose showed noticeable inhibition (59.79%) than 250 mg/kg b.w. (48.18%). In carrageenan method, EGH demonstrated significant (p < 0.001) inhibition activity as 40.67%, 53.11% and 62.03% for 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. dose and standard drug respectively. In castor oil-induced diarrhea, the percentage inhibition of defection for 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. dose were 41.67% and 59.72%, respectively, whereas in gut motility test, 500 mg/kg b.w. dose showed remarkable (30.45%) depletion of BaSO4 transit. The tested plant extract have potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhoeal and antimicrobial properties which may conclude the extract as a potential source of phytomedicine.

Active and passive surveillance of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Bangladesh

( Shukla Halder ),( Emdadul Haque Chowdhury ),( Rokshana Parvin,),( Mohammad Moshiyour Rahaman ),( Seikh Masudur Rahman ),( Shib Shankar Saha ),( Sajeda Sultana ),( Nadira Marium ),( Azharul Islam ),( 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is present in this country and to analyze the Global BSE Risk (GBR) status in Bangladesh. A total of 2,000 brain samples were collected from cattle older than 30 months of age, slaughtered for human consumption in the district slaughter houses from 2005 to 2006. The brainstem (obex), Pyriform lobe, cerebrum and cerebellum were subjected to histopathological study. Samples that showed some nonspecific lesions were subjected to immunohistochemistry and only brain stem to ELISA for the detection of abnormal prion protein PrPsc. In passive surveillance, annual overall diseases of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats in Bangladesh were collected from Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Dhaka to investigate the occurrences of neurological diseases. Import related data were collected from “National Export Promotion Bureau” Kawran Bazar, Bangladesh Bank and DLS to analyze the importing products of animal origin (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats) from different countries to find whether or not the imported products posed any risk for the BSE. In an actire surveillance conducted in slaughter house, histopathologically BSE specific lesions were not detected in any of the brain samples, but other nonspecific lesions were observed. No PrPsc was detected from the samples by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DLS report also supported the absence of BSE in cattle and buffalo and scrapie in sheep and goats in Bangladesh. It was also clearly recorded that Bangladesh imported livestock products from countries in GBR level I and II but not from countries in GBR level III and IV. From this study it apparently seems that BSE is not currently present in the indigenous animals in Bangladesh and poses no or negligible risk to human and animal health.