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Song, K.J.,Ko, R.K.,Kim, H.S.,Ha, H.S.,Ha, D.W.,Oh, S.S.,Park, C.,Yoo, S.-I.,Kim, M.W.,Kim, C.J.,Joo, J.H. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2
<P>The degree of ferromagnetism of Ni-W<SUB>y</SUB> alloys decreases as W-content y increases. Both the saturation magnetization <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and Curie temperature <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> decrease linearly with W-content y, and both <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> go to zero at critical concentration of y<SUB>c</SUB> ~9.50 at.% W. To compare with Ni-W alloys, the magnetic properties of a series of both as-rolled (non-textured) and annealed (biaxially textured) [Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB>]<SUB>100-x</SUB>-Cu<SUB>x</SUB> alloy tapes with compositions x = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 at.%, were studied. Characterization methods included XRD analyses to investigate the biaxial texturing of the annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes and studies of the magnetization for both as-rolled and annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes. Both the isothermal mass magnetizations <I>M</I>(<I>H</I>) of a series of samples at different fixed temperatures and <I>M</I>(<I>T</I>) in fixed field, were measured. The effect of Cu addition on both the saturation magnetization and Curie temperature T<SUB>c</SUB> of the Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB> alloy was investigated.</P>
Park, E-Y,Kim, W-Y,Kim, Y-M,Lee, J-H,Han, K-H,Weiner, I D,Kim, J Gutenberg 2012 HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY Vol.27 No.12
<P>Potassium depletion (K?-D) induces hypertrophy and hyperplasia of collecting duct cells, and potassium repletion (K?-R) induces regression of these changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the time courses of the changes in cellular composition, the origin of intercalated cells (ICs) and the mechanism responsible for these changes. SD rats received K?-depleted diets for 1, 7, or 14 days. After K?-D for 14 days some of the rats received normal diets for 1, 3, 5, or 7 days. In the inner stripe of the outer medulla, K?-D increased significantly the number and proportion of H?-ATPase-positive ICs, but decreased the proportion of H?-ATPase-negative principal cells (PCs). However, proliferation was limited to H?-ATPase-negative PCs. During K?-R, the cellular composition was recovered to control level. Apoptosis increased during K?-R and exclusively limited in H?-ATPase-negative PCs. Double immunolabeling with antibodies to PC and IC markers identified both cells negative or positive for all markers during both K?-D and K?-R. Electron microscopic observation showed that ultrastructure of AE1-positive some cells were similar to AE1-negative some cells during K?-R. LC3 protein expression increased significantly and autophagic vacuoles appeared particularly in PCs on days 14 of K?-D and in ICs on days 3 of K?-R. These results suggest that PCs and ICs may interconvert in response to changes in dietary K+ availability and that autophagic pathways may be involved in the interconversion.</P>
Introduction of virtual open chamber for testing a weather modification technique in Korea
J-W Cha,K-H Chang,M-J Lee,J-Y Jeong,J-W Jung,H-Y Yang,K-L Kim,Y-C Kim,C-H Kim,K-H Nam,M-K Suk,C-K Jung,H-Y Go,J-H Chae,G-W Lee,Y-H Cho,S-H Jung,H-M Park,Y-A Oh,J-Y Jung,B-G Kim,Y-J Kim,M-H Choi,S-D Ki 한국기상학회 2009 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.4
Al₂O₃/SiC 세라믹스 균열치유능력에 미치는 첨가제 양의 영향
박성원(S. W. Park),안석환(S. H. Ahn),손창석(C. S. Son),김성광(S. K. Kim),남기우(K. W. Nam) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10
The four kinds of Al₂O₃ composite ceramics were prepared using a mixture of 85 wt.% Al₂O₃ (mean size 0.5 μm), 15 wt.% SiC powder with Y₂O₃ as an additive powder (0, 1, 3 and 5 wt.%). The crack-healing strengths were studied as functions of crack-healing temperature and amount of Y₂O₃. The in-situ crack-healing behavior was observed at 1,573 K for 1 h in the air. The heat treated specimen with 3 wt.% of Y₂O₃ showed better crack-healing ability than specimen with 1 or 5 wt.% of Y₂O₃. In case of specimen with 3 wt.% of Y₂O₃, the bending strength of the crack-healed specimen at 1,473 K was recovered to the bending strength of smooth specimen treated at 1573 K. The heat-resistance limit temperature of Al₂O₃ composite ceramics was 1,073 K, 1,373 K, 873 K for the specimen with 1, 3, 5 wt.% of Y₂O₃.
InAs/GaSb 응력초격자를 이용한 적외선검출소자의 제작 및 특성 연구
김준오,신현욱,최정우,이상준,김창수,노삼규,Kim, J.O.,Shin, H.W.,Choe, J.W.,Lee, S.J.,Kim, C.S.,Noh, S.K. 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.2
150 주기의 InAs/GaSb (8/8-ML) 제2형 응력초격자 (SLS)를 활성층에 탑재한 초격자 적외선검출소자 (SLIP) 구조를 MBE 방법으로 성장하고, 직경 $200{\mu}m$의 개구면을 가지는 SLIP 개별소자를 시험 제작하였다 고분해능 투과전자현미경 (TEM) 이미지의 휘도분포와 X선회절 (XRD) 곡선의 위성피크의 분석 결과는 SLS 활성층은 균일한 층두께와 주기적 응력변형을 유지하는 급격한 계면의 초격자임을 입증하였다. 흑체복사 적외선 광원을 이용하여 측정한 입사파장 및 인가전압에 따른 반응도 (R)와 검출률 ($D^*$)로부터, 차단파장은 ${\sim}5{\mu}m$이고 최대 R과 $D^*$ ($\lambda=3.25{\mu}m$)는 각각 ${\sim}10^3mA/W$ (-0.6 V/13 K)와 ${\sim}10^9cm.Hz^{1/2}/W$ (0 V/13 K)임을 보였다. 반응도의 온도의존성으로부터 분석한 활성화에너지 275 meV는 광반응 과정에 개입되어 있는 가전대 및 전도대 부준위 사이의 에너지 간격 (HH1-C)과 잘 일치하였다. The superlattice infrared photodetector (SLIP) with an active layer of 8/8-ML InAs/GaSb type-II strained-layer superlattice (SLS) of 150 periods was grown by MBE technique, and the proto-type discrete device was defined with an aperture of $200-{\mu}m$ diameter. The contrast profile of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) image and the satellite peak in the x-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking curve show that the SLS active layer keeps abrupt interfaces with a uniform thickness and a periodic strain. The wavelength and the bias-voltage dependences of responsivity (R) and detectivity ($D^*$) measured by a blackbody radiation source give that the cutoff wavelength is ${\sim}5{\mu}m$, and the maximum Rand $D^*$ ($\lambda=3.25{\mu}m$) are ${\sim}10^3mA/W$ (-0.6 V/13 K) and ${\sim}10^9cm.Hz^{1/2}/W$ (0 V/13 K), respectively. The activation energy of 275 meV analyzed from the temperature dependent responsivity is in good agreement with the energy difference between two SLS subblevels of conduction and valence bands (HH1-C) involving in the photoresponse process.
K-means 및 헝가리안 알고리즘기반 중소형 유통사업장 배송지역 균등할당 알고리즘 개발
박건우(K. W. Park),전창범(C. B. Jeon),정의연(U. Y. Jung),최원화(W. H. Choi),정홍진(H. J. Jeong),김준(J. Kim),김보현(B. H. Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11월
최근 COVID-19 로 언택트 시대를 맞이하여 유통산업의 물류량은 급진적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 유통산업은 효율적인 물류관리를 위해 배송 최적화에 노력하고 있다. 하지만 중소형 유통업체는 대형 유통업체에 비해 인력 및 비용의 한계로 배송 최적화에 어려움이 있다. 중소형 유통업체의 배송지 최적화의 이슈는 고객으로부터 접수한 주문의 배송지를 균등하게 할당하는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 중소형 유통업체의 배송 최적화를 위해 배송 인력과 배송 이동거리를 고려하여 배송 지역 균등할당 알고리즘을 개발한다. 배송 지역 균등할당 알고리즘은 배송지 밀집도의 특징을 고려하여 배송지를 가용 배송기사에게 균등 할당하는 것이다. 배송지 밀집도 특징을 도출하기 위해 밀도기반 클러스터링 기법인 DBSCAN 으로 배송지의 밀집도가 높은 권역과 낮은 권역으로 나누었다. 밀집도가 높은 권역은 배송 출발지에서 가까우며 배송지 수가 많은 특징을 가지고, 밀집도가 낮은 권역은 배송 출발지에서 멀리 떨어져 있으며 배송지 수가 적은 특징을 가진다. 밀집도가 낮은 권역은 이동거리의 편차가 더 커질 수 있기 때문에 K-means 알고리즘의 Elbow Method 를 사용하여 배송지를 할당한다. 밀집도가 높은 권역은 K-means 알고리즘으로 배송지 그룹을 나누고 그룹의 중심점과 그룹 간 배송지의 거리가 최소가 되게 헝가리안 알고리즘을 적용하여 배송지를 할당한다. 실 데이터를 사용하여 비교한 결과 본 연구에서 제안한 균등알고리즘은 이동거리의 편차와 배송지 수의 편차를 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.
혈액투석중인 만성신부전 환자의 사망률에 영향을 미치는 요인부석
김경석(K . S . Kim),김진구(J . G . Kim),우상태(S . T . Woo),서상렬(S . Y . Suh),김향(H . Kim),권영주(Y . J . Kwon),표희정(H . J . Pyo),김용섭(Y . S . Kim),차대룡(D . R . Cha),조원용(W . Y . Jo),김형규(H . K . Kim),김창수(C . S . Kim),박 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.3
N/A Background: Several factors have been influenced to mortality of patients with end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis. We performed this study to evaluate the factors influencing to mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients in eight hemodialysis centers. Method: We analyzed retrospectively the demographic characteristics, risk stratification, Kamofsky scale, regularly tested laboratory finding(CBC, Blood chemistry), hospitalization rate, and gross mortality among 150 patients from June, 1994 to June 1996. Results: 1) A total of 150 patients were enrolled, male 91 and female 59 and mean age was about 53 years. 43 patients had diabetes and 107 patients had nondiabetes. The mean duration of hemodialysis was 48.2±24.7 months(range, 9-123months), 2) 82 patients(54.7%) required hospitalization during the 2 year follow-up period and the most common cause of hospitalization was cardiovascular disease. 3) A total of 43 patients(28.7%) had been died during the 2 year follow-up period and the most common cause of death was cerebrovascular disease. 4) In univariate analysis, advancing age, Kamofsky scale(<80 points), diabetic nephropathy as the underlying cause of ESRD, comorbid illness, high risk group in risk stratification, total HD duration, HD length per week, low serum albumin and creatitine concentration were all associated with significantly increased risk of death. In multivariate analysis, diabetic nephropathy as the underlying cause of ESRD and low serum albumin concentration were more highly associated with death probability. Conclusion: We conclude that diabetic nephropathy as underlying cause of ESRD and serum albumin concentration are more important elements in determining patient mortality.
Kim, Y D,Park, K-G,Morishita, R,Kaneda, Y,Kim, S-Y,Song, D-K,Kim, H-S,Nam, C-W,Lee, H C,Lee, K-U,Park, J-Y,Kim, B-W,Kim, J-G,Lee, I-K Nature Publishing Group 2006 Gene Therapy Vol.13 No.3
Insulin gene therapy in clinical medicine is currently hampered by the inability to regulate insulin secretion in a physiological manner, the inefficiency with which the gene is delivered, and the short duration of gene expression. To address these issues, we injected the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with hemagglutinating virus of Japan-envelope (HVJ-E) vectors containing Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) plasmids encoding the genes for insulin and the GLUT 2 transporter. Efficient delivery of the genes was achieved with the HVJ-E vector, and the use of the EBV replicon vector led to prolonged hepatic gene expression. Blood glucose levels were normalized for at least 3 weeks as a result of the gene therapy. Cotransfection of GLUT 2 with insulin permitted the diabetic rats to regulate their blood glucose levels upon exogenous glucose loading in a physiologically appropriate manner and improved postprandial glucose levels. Moreover, cotransfection with insulin and GLUT 2 genes led to in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin secretion that involved the closure of K<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels. The present study represents a new way to efficiently deliver insulin gene in vivo that is regulated by ambient glucose level with prolonged gene expression. This may provide a basis to overcome limitations of insulin gene therapy in humans.Gene Therapy (2006) 13, 216–224. doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3302644; published online 22 September 2005
Optical subthreshold current method for extracting the interface states in MOS systems
Kim, M.S.,Nam, I.C.,Kim, H.T.,Shin, H.T.,Kim, T.E.,Park, H.S.,Kim, K.S.,Kim, K.H.,Choi, J.B.,Min, K.S.,Kim, D.J.,Kang, D.W.,Kim, D.M. IEEE 2004 IEEE electron device letters Vol.25 No.2
Optical subthreshold current method (OSCM) is proposed for characterizing the interface states in MOS systems using the current-voltage characteristics under a photonic excitation. An optical source with a subbandgap (E<SUB>ph</SUB>>E<SUB>g</SUB>) photonic energy (E<SUB>ph</SUB>=0.943 eV, P<SUB>opt</SUB>=+5 dBm), which is less than the silicon bandgap (E<SUB>g</SUB>=1.12;eV), is employed for the optical subthreshold current characterization of interface states in the photoresponsive energy band. We applied the OSCM method under a subbandgap photonic excitation to MOS systems with a poly-Si gate and verified a U-shaped distribution of interface trap density D<SUB>it</SUB>=10<SUP>10</SUP>∼10<SUP>12</SUP> eV<SUP>-1</SUP>cm<SUP>-2</SUP> for n- and p-type MOSFETs with W/L=30 μm/1.2 μm.