Science and Marxism

Kim, Jong Hwa 덕성여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 사회과학연구 Vol.10 No.-

Scrutiny라는 계간 저널은 1932년에 창설되었는데, Cambridge 대학의 Leavis 등을 중심으로 지식인들의 토론 광장으로서의 역할을 수행하였다. 이 연구는 Scrutiny가 다른 주제와 관심사를 Scrutiny와 그에 대한 비판론자들(마르크스주의자들)의 관점에서 과학과 Marxism에 대한 명제를 중심으로 점검해 보았다. 과학과 마르크스주의 관계에 대한 주제는 Scrutiny에서 핵심적 과제로 다루어 졌는데, Scrutiny와 마르크스주의자들의 충돌은 그 저널이 마르크스주의에 개입하면서 시발되었고, 마르크스주의자들은 Scrutiny를 역사적·이념적 궤도 속으로 몰아넣으면서 비판하였다. 마르크스주의자들은 특히 Scrutiny의 정치적 요소 고려에 대한 소홀함이 여러 측면에서 불균형적 논리전개를 표출하고 현실성을 간과하였다고 지적하였다. Scrutiny는 문화의 중요성을 강조하면서 본질적으로 生의 질을 순전히 물질적 개념으로 접근하는 공리주의에 반대하는 입장이었다. 즉 Leavis 등 Scrutiny 편집자들은 생의 질을 논하는데 있어서 물질적 측면과 정신적 측면을 포괄적으로 고려하지 않으면 의미가 없다고 주장하였다. 한걸음 더 나아가, Scrutiny가 중시하는 문화란 사회변혁과 산업화로 파괴된다고 봄으로써 분명히 과학과 실용주의적 요소를 결여하게 되었고 결과적으로는 마르크스주의자들의 Scrutiny에 대한 비판도 여기에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 생각건대 Scrutiny의 정치·사회적 문제에 대한 문화적·도덕적 관행설정으로 Scrutiny가 문화적 엘리트주의에 빠져 문화적 편중접근이라는 비난을 면하기 어렵지만, 도덕적 기준에서 보면 깊이 있게 과학과 마르크스주의를 통찰한 점은 높이 평가 되어야 할 것으로 보여진다.

해도 정보를 이용한 선박의 최적 항로 생성

김민규(Min-Kyu Kim),김종화(Jong-Hwa Kim),양현(Hyun Yang) 한국항해항만학회 2022 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

Min-Kyu Kim*․Jong-Hwa Kim**․†최근 자율 운항 선박에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히, MUNIN (Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks) 프로젝트를 계기로 자율 운항 선박에 대한 개발과 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 국제해사기구 IMO는 자율 운항 선박 시대에대응하기 위해 자율 선박을 MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship)라 정의하고 선박 자율화 정도에 따라 4단계 등급을 제시하고 있다. 완전한 자율 운항 선박에 대한 요구조건을 만족하기 위해서는 항로 결정과 제어기술이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 기술 중 선박의최적경로를 생성하는 기법을 다룬다. 기존에 최적항로를 생성하기 위한 방법으로는   , Dijkstra와 같은 알고리즘들이 주로 사용되었다. 그러나 이와 같은 알고리즘은 섬이나 육지에 대한 충돌 회피는 고려하고 있지만 수심 및 연안 선박에 대한 규정들은 고려하지 않고 있어실제로 적용하기에는 한계점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안전을 위해 선박의 선저 여유 수심과, 해도에 규정되어 있는 선박 운항에 대한여러 규정들을 반영하여 최적 항로를 생성하고자 한다. 최적 항로를 생성하기 위한 알고리즘으로는 강화학습 기반의 Q-learning 알고리즘을적용하였다.

CD34+ 조혈 모세포 이식 2례

김정아,정현식,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,박찬형,박성규,김동욱,이종욱,한치화,민우성,김춘추,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1996 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Background: In most solid tumors, the CD34 antigen has not been detected, so positive selection of CD34+ cells may reduce tumor cell contamination and the CD34+ cells are capable of reconstituting hematopoiesis. We tried CD34+ cell transplantation in two patients. Method: CD34+ cells from chemotherapy + G-CSF mobilized PBPCs or bone marrow were positively selected with an avidin-biotin immunoadsorption column (CEPRATE SC system). Case 1. One course of chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide(200㎎/㎡) and etoposide (4.2g/㎡), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. was used in a relapsed lymphoma patient. This patient responded to the induction chemotherapy. CD34+ cells from harvested bone marrow were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. The total number of mononuclear cells loaded onto the CellPro was 2.4×10^(8)/㎏, with 1.1% CD34+ cells. After column separation, the total number of positively selected cells was 5.16×10^(6)/㎏. The number of CFU-GM was 76.8×10⁴/㎏. This patient was treated with melphalan (140㎎/㎡) and TBI (1200cGy) and the positively selected CD34+ cells were infused. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 19 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 21 days. Case 2. Two courses of mobilizing chemotherapy were given 4 weeks apart using taxol(210㎎/m2) and adriamycin(60㎎/m2), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. in a breast cancer patients with 7 axillary node metastasis. CD34+ cells from each single leukapheresis product were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. In the first collection, the total number of nucleated cells was 4.4×10^(8)/kg, with 0.42% CD34+ cells. In the second collection, the total number of nucleated cell was 2.8× 10^(8)/㎏ with 0.43% CD34+ cells. After colum separation, the total numbers of collected cells were 4.0×106/kg and 4.8×10^(6)/kg, the total number of CD34+ cells were 1.2×10^(6)/㎏ and 0.82×10^(6)/㎏. Colonogenic assays of positively selected CD34+ cells gave rise to myeloid erythroid, and multilineage colonies, with a median of 190 CFU-GM, 190 BFU-E, and 164 CFU-GEMM per 1×10³ adsorbed cells, respectively. High-dose chemotherapy with cumulative doses of 40mg/㎡ mitoxantrone, 750mg/㎡ thioptepa, and 1000mg/㎡ carboplatin was administered. Positively selected CD34+ cells were rapidly infused 24 hours after the end of high-dose chemotherapy. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 16 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 20 days.

Failure with Strain Localization of Aluminum Alloy 7075 Sheets at Elevated Temperature and its Application to Two-Step Hybrid Forming

Jong‑Hwa Hong,Hyunki Kim,Wonjae Kim,Yong‑Nam Kwon,Daeyong Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

In this work, the onset of failure induced by severe strain at elevated temperature was numerically estimated with crossformedempirical hardening law describing material softening. The hardening law can replicate the rate-sensitive behaviorof aluminum alloy 7075 sheets (thickness of 2.0 mm) with initial hardening and progressive material deterioration causedby dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery, and micro-void development. The characterized material was applied to thetwo-step hybrid forming process consisting of a drawing at 400 °C followed by a pneumatic forming at 470 °C to produce ashock absorber housing with an extremely complex shape. The user-defined subroutine codes, VUMAT (ABAQUS/Explicit)and UMAT (ABAQUS/Standard), were sequentially utilized for the drawing and the pneumatic forming, respectively. Theidentified hardening parameters based on uniaxial tensile tests were validated by simulating the two-step hybrid formingprocess and compared with the conventional Voce type law (converging function) and the combined Swift-Voce type law(ever-increasing function) since they play a key role in accurately predicting the onset of failure induced by severe strainlocalization. Finally, simulation results are reasonably well matched with experiments in terms of the moment of failureoccurrence, failure location, final blank shape, and thickness distribution.

오존처리가 돈사내 공기의 질에 미치는 영향

김두환,김광위,우종화 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

This experiment was conducted to obtain the some basic information about the effects of ozonation on the indoor air quality in swine production facilities. A ozonation system was constructed and operated at average levels of 0.03ppm to improving the air quality in the nursery pig buildings. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The temperature in the nursery pig building were no differences between ozone treatment and control. 2. There were no differences between control and ozone treatment in relative humidity in the nursery pig building. 3. In the nursery pig building, ozone treatment has greatly reduced ammonia levels(up to 40%). 4. The hydrogen sulfide levels in the nursery pig building were no differences between ozone treatment and control. 5. In the nursery pig building, ozone treatment has slightly reduced carbon dioxide levels. The results of this experiment clearly demonstrate that ozonation is effective for the elimination of the malodors associated with indoor air quality in swine production facilities.

林業稅制에 關한 考察 : 韓國, 日本, 美國의 制度에 대하여

金知洪,辛在萬,尹鐘和 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 1985 Journal of Forest Science Vol.5 No.-

Introduced with a review of general taxation principles in Korea, the article provides details of the main type of tax related to forest resource management. The forest taxation of Japan and the United states is also examined to compare with the Korean legislation. The basic analysis is made upon provisions and interpretation of each tax, its history, and its influence on forest management. For Korean forest taxation, some points to be considered are as follows. 1) Since 500,000 won of special income tax deduction from total forest revenue is not likely to be remaining with its absolute value, it should be variable by socio-economic situation. 2) Income tax exemption from newly reforested land for 40 years may shorten rotation and induce heavy harvest cutting for long-term commercial timber species. 3) With a few exceptions, general forest managers are not offered favors in death tax and property tax for their forest land. Taxes have frequently been called the primary impediment factor for timber production because the effectiveness of incentives of programs has not been provided. Considered to the specific characteristics of forestry and resource conservation, Korean forest taxation should be revised and complemented to encourage forest management or maintenance.

객체 지향 제품데이터 관리시스템의 동적 모델링

김종화,박우근 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 2000 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.25 No.-

As the number of product variants in a company increases and the life cycles of those products decrease, an efficient management of product data has become an important issue. To cope with these situation effectively, the object-oriented approaches have been applied as an alternative to the traditional approaches. In this paper, conceptual modeling of an object-oriented product data management system is suggested by applying Rumbaugh's Object-Modeling Technique. In modeling the system, we focus on the dynamic modeling for the efficient management of frequent changes in engineering data and functional modeling to represent data flow between the objects identified.

β-agarase를 생산하는 해양균의 분리 및 효소 특성연구

김문수,김도만,박혜영,강미화,천종훈 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

An agar degrading bacteria was isolated from the south ocean of Korea and was identified as Aeromonas sp. This strain produced the amount of agarase (1.4U/ml) with agar as a carbon source and casamino acid as a nitrogen source. The optimum concentration of NaCl for both cell growth and enzyme activity was 2.5%. The agarase was purified by DEAE-cellulose and hydroxyapatite column chro-matograpy. The purified agarase showed a single protein band upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and its molecular weight was estimated to be 50 KDa. The optimal temperature and pH for the enzyme activity were 28℃ and 7.2, respectively. The agarase was stable at pH 6.5 - 8 and 22 - 37℃. The agarase activity was notably inhibited by EDTA, Mn2+, Hg2+, Fe2+ and slightly activated by Na+ and Ba2+.

원자로압력용기장 용접열영향부의 미세조직 변화가 Magnetic Barkhausen Noise 거동에 미치는 영향

김주학,윤의박,문종걸,박덕근,홍준화 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.4

최근 자기적 특성의 변화가 재료의 미세조직적 상태에 민감하다는 보고가 있다. 재료의 미세조직은 상(phase), 결정립의 크기, 석출물 등의 다양한 인자로 구성되며, 본 연구에서는 이러한 인자들을 이용하여 재료의 특성과 Barkhausen noise(BN)의 관계를 연관시키기 위한 시도를 하였다. ASTM A 508 Gr.3 원자로압력용기강을 대상으로 용접열영향부의 미세조직적인 변화를 일곱가지 대표적인 영역으로 구분하였고, 각 영역에서의 미세조직과 기계적특성의 변화를 파악한 후, 각 조건별로 BN을 측정하였다. 통상의 보자력이나 잔류자화 같은 자기적 성질은 큰 변화가 없었지만, BN은 미세조직의 상태에 따라 현격한 변화를 보였다. 결정립과 석출물의 크기가 증가함에 따라 BN은 증가하였고, tempered martensite 보다는 tempered bainite 조직에서 높은 BN을 나타냈다. Recent study has demonstrated that some magnetic properties are sensitive to the microstructural state of material. The ASTM A 508 Gr. 3 reactor pressure vessel steel has various microstructural changes including martensitic and bainitic phases, and various sizes of grain and precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone (HAZ). To correlate the microstructural state with Barkhausen noise (BN), specimens were prepared through simulating various weld thermal cycles using a thermal simulator. The conventional magnetic properties, i.e. coercive force, remanence and maximum induction, did not change significantly. whereas the BN amplitude and energy during a magnetization cycle changed markedly with microstructural state. The BN increased with increasing grain and carbide sizes, and the tempered bainite structure showed higher BN parameter than tempered martensite.

양성 및 음성 정신분열병 아형에서 사고의 정신병리적 특성에 관한 비교연구

김종숙,함웅,홍광화 대한신경정신의학회 1994 신경정신의학 Vol.33 No.3

The authors have studied the content and severity of thought disorder between the subjects of the positive and negative subtypes of schizophrenia. It's hypothetical ground is that the positive and negative subtypes of schizophrenics might bear highly significant differences in the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, psychopathology, also therapeutic and prognostic terms. In that regards, the author reported the neuropsychological significance in differentiating the two subtypes from each other, such that the negative subtype showed the worse function in the short-term recall against the auditory stimuli than the positive. To comparatively analyze the content and severity of thought disorder between the two subtypes, the authors utilized the Thought Discorder Index(TDI) scores and Holt's scale of the primary process thinking content. The results were as follows: 1) The total score of TDI as a whole, showed somewhat more thought disorder in the positive subtype subjects than the negative, though this failed to reach the statistical significance. In 0.75 level of TDI, the positive subtype subjects showed statistically significantly worse thought disorder than the negative. 2) In the comparative study of the primary process thinking content, the positive subtype subjects showed degree in the aggressive content but lower degree in the anxiety content than the negative subtype subjects with statistical significance. 3) In the correlation study, 0.5 level of TDI correlated with the libidinal content of the primary process with blunted affect and the aggressive content with lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation. The above result might suggest that the positive subtype of schizophrenia demonstrated more severe thought disorder, if we regard that responses scored at the 0.75 level of TDI represent clear thought disturbances. The negative subtype of schizophrenia tends to possess higher anxious and libidinal content of the primary process thinking.