한우개량을 위한 유단백질의 유전적 다형현상에 관한 연구

한상기(S . K . Han),정의용(E . Y . Chung),양교석(K . S . Yang),신유철(Y . C . Shin) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.2

Genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins, αs₁-casein (αs₁-CN) β-casein (β-CN), k-casein (k- CN) and β-lactoglobulin (β- LG), in milk samples from 175 Korean native cattle were analyzed by using starch gel elec-trophoresis. Their genotype and gene frequencies were estimated and their genetic relationships with other breeds were compared by using genetic distance and dendogram. The results obtained were summarized as fallows ; 1. Three genetic variants each were identified at αs₁-CN (BB, BC, and CC), k-CN (AA. AB and BB) and β-LG (AA, BB and BB) and nine genetic variants (A¹A¹, A²A², A¹A², A¹A⁴, A²A⁴, BA¹, BA², BA⁴ and BB) existed at β-CN. 2. Genotype distributions of the milk protein loci were as fallows: αs₁-CN BB 76% BC 21.1%, CC 2.9% β-CN A²A²40%, A¹A²38.3%, BA²11.4%, A¹A¹3.4%,, A²A⁴2.9%, BA¹1.7%, A¹A⁴1.1%, BA⁴0.6%, BB 0.6%, k-CN AB 52%, AA 37.1%, BB 10.9%, β-LG BB 76%, AB 23.4%, AA 0.6%. The distributions of genotypes in each milk protein locus were corresponded closely to expectations of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 3. Gene frequencies of the milk protein loci were: αs₁-CN^B 0.866, αs₁-CN^C 0.134; β-CN^A2 0.660, β-CN^A1 0.235, β-CN^B 0.080, β-CN^A4 0.025: k-CN^A 0.631. k-CN^B 0.369; β-LG^A 0.877, β-LG^B 0.123. 4. From the analysis of` the genetic distance values and the dendogram drawn from the genetic distances matrix, the results indicate that there was a close relationship between Korean native cattle and Japanese native cattle, especially Japanese Brown. Consequently, it is supposed that Japanese native cattle originated from Korean native cattle.

Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Enteritidis 및 Salmonella Typhimurium균에 대한 Phage typing 및 antibiogram 분석

신영학,유정식,오경수,이점규,이상원,고운영,양병국 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Cooperative Activation of PI3K by Ras and Rho Family Small GTPases

Yang, H.,Shin, M.G.,Lee, S.,Kim, J.R.,Park, W.,Cho, K.H.,Meyer, T.,Do Heo, W. Cell Press 2012 Molecular cell Vol.47 No.2

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) and Ras and Rho family small GTPases are key regulators of cell polarization, motility, and chemotaxis. They influence each other's activities by direct and indirect feedback processes that are only partially understood. Here, we show that 21 small GTPase homologs activate PI3K. Using a microscopy-based binding assay, we show that K-Ras, H-Ras, and five homologous Ras family small GTPases function upstream of PI3K by directly binding the PI3K catalytic subunit, p110. In contrast, several Rho family small GTPases activated PI3K by an indirect cooperative positive feedback that required a combination of Rac, CDC42, and RhoG small GTPase activities. Thus, a distributed network of Ras and Rho family small GTPases induces and reinforces PI3K activity, explaining past challenges to elucidate the specific relevance of different small GTPases in regulating PI3K and controlling cell polarization and chemotaxis.

Development of Bovine Specific Leptin Radioimmunoassay and Relationship of Plasma Leptin with Vitamin A and Age of Wagyu

Yang, S.H.,Kawachi, H.,Khan, M.A.,Lee, S.Y.,Kim, H.S.,Ha, Jong K.,Lee, W.S.,Lee, H.J.,Ki, K.S.,Kim, S.B.,Sakaguchi, S.,Maruyama, S.,Yano, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.9

Leptin is produced by adipocytes and its role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, feed intake, productive and reproductive performance of domestic animal species has been greatly stressed and extensively investigated in recent years. This study was conducted to develop a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the estimation of plasma bovine leptin and to determine plasma leptin concentration in fattening Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) and its crossbreds at commercial farms. Relationships of plasma leptin with plasma vitamin A and age of crossbred cattle were also determined. Recombinant bovine leptin (rbleptin) was produced by the E. coli overexpressed leptin as a GST (glutathione S-transferase)-fusion protein. Then antiserum against bovine leptin was obtained by its immunization in rabbits. Using this antiserum, a bovine specific RIA was developed and plasma leptin level was determined in 120 crossbred fattening cattle (WagyuHolstein, 50:50) at commercial farms. The plasma leptin level increased with the age of cattle and its level was greater in the crossbred heifers than in the steers. Plasma vitamin A level was negatively correlated with plasma leptin level in crossbred heifers and steers. This relationship was stronger in heifers than in steers. Plasma leptin was gradually increased with advancing age in fattening Wagyu cattle. In conclusion, development of a bovine specific RIA to estimate plasma leptin will contribute to better understanding of the role of leptin in cattle.

DROWSY BEHAVIOR DETECTION BASED ON DRIVING INFORMATION

M. S. WANG,N. T. JEONG,K. S. KIM,S. B. CHOI,S. M. YANG,S. H. YOU,J. H. LEE,서명원 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1

Drowsy behavior is more likely to occur in sleep-deprived drivers. Individuals’ drowsy behavior detection technology should be developed to prevent drowsiness related crashes. Driving information such as acceleration, steering angle and velocity, and physiological signals of drivers such as electroencephalogram (EEG), and eye tracking are adopted in present drowsy behavior detection technologies. However, it is difficult to measure physiological signal, and eye tracking requires complex experiment equipment. As a result, driving information is adopted for drowsy driving detection. In order to achieve this purpose, driving experiment is performed for obtaining driving information through driving simulator. Moreover, this paper investigates effects of using different input parameter combinations, which is consisted of lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, and steering angles with different time window sizes (i.e. 4 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s), on drowsy driving detection using random forest algorithm. 20 s-size datasets using parameter combination of accelerations in lateral and longitudinal directions, compared to the other combination cases of driving information such as steering angles combined with lateral and longitudinal acceleration, steering angles only, longitudinal acceleration only, and lateral acceleration only, is considered the most effective information for drivers’ drowsy behavior detection. Moreover, comparing to ANN algorithm, RF algorithm performs better on processing complex input data for drowsy behavior detection. The results, which reveal high accuracy 84.8 % on drowsy driving behavior detection, can be applied on condition of operating real vehicles.

High lipid composition of particulate organic matter in the northern Chukchi Sea, 2011

Kim, B.K.,Lee, J.H.,Yun, M.S.,Joo, H.,Song, H.J.,Yang, E.J.,Chung, K.H.,Kang, S.H.,Lee, S.H. Pergamon Press 2015 Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oce Vol.120 No.-

We investigated the biochemical compositions (lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates) of particulate organic matter (POM) as a potential food source in the northern Chukchi Sea. We aimed to understand physiological status of phytoplankton, determine important controlling factors, and estimate the energetic contents of POM. The major inorganic nutrients were generally depleted at upper mixed-layer depth (>20m). The average chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentration was 31.9mgm<SUP>-2</SUP> (S.D.=+/-31.3mgm<SUP>-2</SUP>) in this study, significantly higher than that reported previously in the northern Chukchi Sea. Small phytoplankton (0.7-5@?m) accounted for 65.9% of total chl-a concentration. The overall average compositions of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were 50% (S.D.=+/-10.7%), 35% (S.D.=+/-11.0%), and 15% (S.D.=+/-11.2%) for POM, respectively. Along with other evidence (e.g., low N:P and protein-carbohydrate ratios), the high lipid and low protein compositions of POM in this study suggests that phytoplankton might have had a nitrogen limitation and/or stationary growth phase in the northern Chukchi Sea during the cruise period, 2011. The overall average calorific content of food material (FM) was 149.2μgL<SUP>-1</SUP> (S.D.=+/-36.5μgL<SUP>-1</SUP>) or 1.0Kcalm<SUP>-3</SUP> (S.D.=+/-0.2Kcalm<SUP>-3</SUP>). The relatively higher calorific contents in the northern Chukchi Sea were due to high lipid contributions and the considerably high calorific content of FM per POC.

Plot-scale study of surface runoff on well-covered forest floors under different canopy species

Kim, J.K.,Onda, Y.,Kim, M.S.,Yang, D.Y. Pergamon Press 2014 QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL Vol.344 No.-

To investigate the effects of vegetation canopy on surface runoff, four runoff plots (2 m x 1 m in size) were established under different types of forest canopies (S1: sawtooth oak and Japanese larch; S2: Chinese cork oak; S3: shrub; and S4: Korean pine) on a mountain slope in central Korea. Rainfall, throughfall, and surface runoff were measured from July 2007 to October 2009. During the observation period, there was no storm event with a rainfall intensity that exceeded the average value for infiltration rates at the runoff plots. Each plot showed differences in surface runoff generation (S1 > S2 @? S3 > S4). The plots with broad-leaf litter layers had higher maximum water storage capacities than the plot with a needle-leaf litter layer. These results imply that the water storage capacity and the leaf shape of the litter layer affected surface runoff generation. Moreover, under dry conditions (<20 mm of API<SUB>7</SUB>), the rainfall threshold for all plots, except S4, required for surface runoff generation decreased and surface runoff from all plots increased slightly compared with relatively wet conditions (>20 mm of API<SUB>7</SUB>). Storm runoff coefficients at all plots decreased drastically as the value of API<SUB>7</SUB> increased. This suggests that the lowering of the rainfall threshold for surface runoff generation and the resulting increase in surface runoff might be related to the development of hydrophobic conditions on the soil surface caused by dry conditions. Therefore, in addition to leaf shape and water storage capacity of the litter layer, the soil water condition also can be an important factor in plot-scale evaluations of surface runoff generation from a slope well covered with litter layer.

Inconel 718 상향 엔드밀링시 절삭력에 미치는 공구형상오차

이영문,양승한,장승일,백승기,김선일 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

In end milling process, the undeformed chip section area and cutting forces vary periodically with phase change of the tool. However, the real undeformed chip section area deviates from the geometrically ideal one owing to cutter runout and tool shape error. In this study, a method of estimating the real undeformed chip section area which reflects cutter runout and tool shape error was presented during up-end milling of Inconel 718 using measured cutting forces. The specific cutting resistance, K_(r) and K_(t) are defined as the radial and tangential cutting forces divided by the modified chip section area. Both of K_(r) and K_(t) values become smaller as the helix angle increases from 30° to 40°. Whereas they become larger as the helix angle increases from 40° to 50°. On the other hand, the K_(r) and K_(t) values show a tendency to decrease with increase of the modified chip section area and this tendency becomes distinct with smaller helix angle.

동결속도와 평형시간이 소 미성숙 난자의 동결 융해후 생존율에 미치는 영향

양병철,양보석,성환후,임기순,최선호,장원경,진동일,임경순 한국가축번식학회 2001 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.25 No.1

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of cooling rate and equilibration time on the survival, in vitro maturation and development to embryos of frozen-thawed bovine immature oocytes(Germinal Vesicle Stage). The cryoprotectants are used 10% ethylene glycol(EG) as permeating cryoprotectant and 0.05M sucrose(S) or trehalose(T) as low molecular weight nonpermeating cryoprotectants and 5% ficoll(F) or polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) as high molecular weight nonpermeating cryoprotectants. Four freezing solution were uysed in this experiment(EFT: 10% EG + 5% F + 0.05M T, EFS: 10% EG + 5% F + 0.05M S, EPT: 10% EG + 5% P + 0.05M T, EPS: 10% EG + 5% P + 0.05M S). The best equilibration time and freezing solution was 15 min in EPT(83% survival rate of frozen-thawed bovine immature oocytes). When frozen-thawed bovine oocytes were cultured following IVM and IVF, there was no significant difference in cleavage and development rates among the EFT, EFS, EPT and EPS solutions. When 9 blastocysts derived from frozen bovine oocytes were transferred to 6 recipients, two recipients were pregnant. And one was aborted at 45 days of pregnancy and the other had a stillbirth.

Prussian blue-functionalized magnetic nanoclusters for the removal of radioactive cesium from water

Yang, H.M.,Jang, S.C.,Hong, S.B.,Lee, K.W.,Roh, C.,Huh, Y.S.,Seo, B.K. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.657 No.-

Prussian blue-functionalized magnetic nanoclusters were fabricated for the highly efficient removal of radioactive cesium (such as <SUP>137</SUP>Cs) and rapid magnetic separation of absorbent from <SUP>137</SUP>Cs-contaminated water. The magnetic nanoclusters, synthesized via the hydrothermal method, were coated with Prussian blue (PB) via a simple reaction with potassium hexacyanoferrate under acidic conditions. The resulting Prussian blue-functionalized magnetic nanoclusters had a large distribution coefficient, even in the presence of 3000 ppm competing ions such as K<SUP>+</SUP>, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> and Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, and excellent removal efficiency (>99.7%) of radioactive cesium from contaminated water. Furthermore, they possess good saturation magnetization values (27.5 emu/g), allowing for rapid separation from an aqueous solution using an external magnetic field. Therefore, these magnetic adsorbents have promising applications for the treatment of radioactive cesium-contaminated water.