Economic evaluation of domestic biowaste to ethanol via a fluidized bed gasifier

Gwak, In Seop,Hwang, Jong Ha,Sohn, Jung Min,Lee, See Hoon THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING 2017 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY -S Vol.47 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The economic evaluation of a biomass to ethanol process using a fluidized bed gasifier was conducted by using domestic biowastes. In this work, we chose two different scale processes because collecting biowastes was considered as one of biggest bottlenecks. Economic evaluation was conducted using internal rate of return, net present value and ethanol prices. NPVs from a 2000 dry-ton/day process and two 1000 dry-ton/day process ranged from 47.9 million dollars and 69.5 million dollars in same IRR of 10%. The construction of a 2000 dry-ton/day scale plant might be more economical than two 1000 dry-ton/day scale plants because of lower ethanol prices.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P> <P> <UL> <LI> Domestic biowastes could be economically converted into bioethanol by using thermo-chemical conversion processes with a fluidized bed gasifier and an alcohol synthesis reactor. </LI> <LI> Economic feasibilities from 2000 dry-ton/day process were higher than those from 1000 dry-ton/day process at every condition. </LI> <LI> Domestic biowastes to ethanol production by using thermo-chemical processes could be possible. </LI> </UL> </P>

Chamber Temperature Measurement of Micro PCR Chip Using Thermocouple

Jong-Dae Kim,Chan-Young Park,Sang-Yoon Kim,Ok-Dong Gwak,Deuk-Joo Lee,Yu-Seop Kim,Hye-Jung Song 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.7 No.2

감정 인식 피부 개발을 위한 배합비에 따른 전도성 유연 폼의 기계적 특성 연구

한종부(Jong-Boo Han),이종일(Jongil Lee),곽동기(Dong-Gi Gwak),엄기현(Kihyeon Eom),손동섭(Dong-Seop Sohn),서갑호(Kap-Ho Seo),이준우(Joonwoo Lee) 대한기계학회 2020 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.44 No.6

본 연구는 사용자의 상태를 인식하기 위하여 로봇의 감정 인식 피부를 위한 유연 소재 기반의 센서 개발을 목표로 하고 있다. 로봇에 부착될 감정 인식 피부는 일반적으로 로봇의 모션에 방해되지 않는 강성과 경도를 가지도록 설계되어야 한다. 그리고 제작되는 센서는 제작의 용이성과 재현성이 유지되어야만 한다. 본 논문에서는 전도성 유연 폼의 제작 파라미터에 따른 기계적 특성을 분석하고, 감정 인식 피부의 적용을 위한 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 위해서 전도성 유연 폼의 제작 과정을 자세하게 설명하였고, ASTM D412에 의한 유전체 재료와 이의 배합 비율에 따른 기계적 특성 시험을 수행하였다. This study aimed to develop flexible material-based sensors for the emotional skin of robots to recognize user"s condition. An emotion perception skin (EPES) with sufficient stiffness and hardness was designed to be attached to the robot. Thus, it will not normally interfere with the robot"s motion. The sensors to be manufactured must include characteristics such as ease and reproducibility of fabrication. In this paper, the mechanical properties related to the fabrication parameters of conductive flexible foam are analyzed. They are also evaluated in terms of the application to EPES. To this end, the fabrication process of conductive flexible foam is thoroughly described. Tests of mechanical properties were conducted according to dielectric materials and their compounding ratio by ASTM D412.

TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF A ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR BIOMASS WASTE

In Seop Gwak,Jong-Ha Hwang,Jun Yeong Jang,Jin Woo Kook,Ye Bin Kim,Hye Ri Shin,See Hoon Lee 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 AFORE Vol.2015 No.11

선박 유압공급 장치용 사판식 유압 피스톤 펌프의 구조적 안정성에 관한 연구

곽범섭(Beom-Seop Gwak),임종학(Jong-Hak Lim),이인욱(In-Wook Lee),이중섭(Chung-Seob Yi),이호성(Ho Seong Lee),송철기(Chul Ki Song) 한국기계가공학회 2021 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.20 No.4

In this paper, a structural stability analysis of the swash plate hydraulic piston pump installed on hydraulic supply systems in marine vessels is presented. In order to verify the integrity of the pump design, a standard structural analysis technique based on the finite element method has been applied for various operating and boundary conditions. For the maximum operational torque (223 N·m) at 5°, 10°, and 15° of the swash plate angle, the maximum deformation, equivalent stress and safety factor are evaluated. The analytical results show that under current operating conditions, the structural reliability of the design has been confirmed.

웨어러블 슈트의 소프트 액추에이터를 위한 공압 분배기 개발

구재완(Jaewan Koo),한종부(Jong-Boo Han),이석재(Seokjae Lee),곽동기(Dong-Gi Gwak),함제훈(Jehun Hahm),손동섭(Dong-Seop Sohn),서갑호(Kap-Ho Seo) 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.26 No.7

With an aging society, research into wearable suits to support the elderly is actively being conducted. While these suits can use various driving methods, such as motors, pneumatics, and wires, many researchers prefer pneumatic-based soft actuators due to their high degree of safety and low weight. However, the use of a valve in these actuators is essential and requires high-precision control techniques and periodic replacement. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a low-cost pneumatic distributor design for pneumatic-based soft actuators. The advantage of the proposed pneumatic distributor is that it can be easily controlled by continuously adjusting the rotation speed according to the walking cycle of an elderly person. In addition, it is easy to design a pneumatic distributor suitable for the walking characteristics of the elderly, and costs can be kept low by utilizing a 3D printer for fabrication. In order to verify the final design, an experimental environment is constructed and the effectiveness of the distributer is analyzed through pneumatic measurement.

Helicobacter pylori: A Possible Risk Factor for Bone Health

Yun Hee Chung,Jong Seop Gwak,Sung Woo Hong,Jung Hyeon Hyeon,Cheol Min Lee,Seung Won Oh,Hyuktae Kwon 대한가정의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.36 No.5

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may cause systemic inflammation and increase the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6. Unfortunately, bone mineral density also may be affected by these cytokines. This study aimed to evaluate the association between bone mineral density and H. pylori infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluated 1,126 men undergoing a comprehensive health screening in a private Korean screening center. Subjects’ sera were tested for H. pylori antibodies (immunoglobulin G) using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and bone mineral densities (g/cm2) of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. To evaluate the difference in bone mineral density according to H. pylori infection status, the adjusted mean bone mineral densities at each site were compared after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise. Results: H. pylori infection was associated with a significant decrease in mean lumbar bone mineral density (H. pylori- positive, 1.190 g/cm2; H. pylori-negative, 1.219 g/cm2; P=0.006), which was greatest among men who were ≥50 years old (H. pylori-positive, 1.193 g/cm2; H. pylori-negative, 1.233 g/cm2; P=0.006). However, no significant association was observed in the bone mineral densities of the total femur and femoral neck. Conclusion: In men, H. pylori infection was negatively associated with lumbar bone mineral density. This association may be useful in the early detection, prevention, and management of male osteoporosis.

낙동강권역 갈수관리 현황 및 계획

곽재원,이종현,최규현,조효섭,Gwak, Jae-Won,Lee, Jong-Hyeon,Choe, Gyu-Hyeon,Jo, Hyo-Seop 한국수자원학회 2020 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.53 No.8

토끼 뒷다리 만성허혈모델에서 $phVEGF_{165}$ 유전자 치료: 동맥내 주입과 근육내 주사의 비교

곽병국,심형진,김건상,이종범,송인섭,정진욱,박재형,Gwak, Byeong-Guk,Sim, Hyeong-Jin,Kim, Geon-Sang,Lee, Jong-Beom,Song, In-Seop,Jeong, Jin-Uk,Park, Jae-Hyeong 대한영상의학회 2003 대한영상의학회지 Vol.48 No.5

목적:혈관신생의 기능이 있는 $phVEGF_{165}$ 를 합성하고,토끼 뒷다리의 만성허혈모델에서 동맥내 주입과 근육내 주사를 통하여 혈관신생의 효과를 비교하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법:토끼의 좌측 뒷다리에 만성허혈모델을 만들고,대조군 6마리와 동맥내 주입군 7마리,근육내 주사군 5마리로 나누었다.HL60 세포주로부터 혈관내피세포성장인자 (VEGF)를발현하는 $phVEGF_{165}$ 를 제조하여,CHO 세포주에 유전자 전달감염시켜 western blot 분석을 하고,CPAE 세포주에 대한 증식효과를 분석하였다.만성허혈모델을 만든 2주째에 $phVEGF_{165}$500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/2.5 ml를 동맥내 주입군은 좌측 총장골동맥으로,근육내 주사군은 대퇴부 근육내 주사하였다. 유전자 주입 전과 주입 후 4주째에 혈관조영영상을 얻었다. 영상분석은 대퇴골의 수직이등분선과 만나는 혈관의 개수의 비를 구하였다. 유전자 주입 후 0,4,7,14,21일에 혈청 $VEGF_{165}$ 양을 측정하였다.통계분석은 Wilcoxon signed rank test로 하였다. 결과:유전자가 전달감염된 CHO 세포주의 배양배지에서 $VEGF_{165}$ 단백질 발현이 확인되었다. CPAE 세포주의 증식실험에서 흡광도가 대조군은 0.73 $\pm$0.043, $phVEGF_{165}$ 은 1.09 $\pm$0.015를 보여 증식효과가 있었다.토끼 뒷다리 만성허혈모델에서 유전자 치료 전후에 혈관 수의 변화가 대조군은 1.32 $\pm$0.13과 1.30 $\pm$0.07,동맥내 주입군은 1.42 $\pm$0.15와 1.59 $\pm$0.09, 근육내 주사군은 1.59 $\pm$0.27과 1.14 $\pm$0.12를 보였으나,p>0.05로서 유전자 치료전후에 두군 모두 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 혈청내 VEGF는 동맥내 주입군에서는 유전자 주입 전 39.96 $\pm$1.08 pg/ml, 4일째 44.99 $\pm$2.13 pg/ml,1 주 째 48.18 $\pm$1.49 pg/ml,2주째 45.70 $\pm$3.77 pg/ml,3주째 46.54$\pm$5.47 pg/ml로 증가를 보였다. 대조군과 근육내 주사군에서는 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 결론:제작된 $phVEGF_{165}$ 가 실험실내에서 혈관내피세포의 증식에 효과가 있었다.토끼 뒷다리 만성허혈모델에서 $phVEGF_{165}$ 유전자 치료는 동맥내 주입과 근육내 주사 간에 혈관조영술과 혈청 VEGF 측정의 결과에서 차이가 없었다. Purpose: To obtain $phVEGF_{165}$ for angiogenesis and to compare the effects of its intra-arterial and intramuscular administration in a chronic ischemic rabbit hindimb model Materials and Methods: Chronic ischemic models were constructed in the left hindlimb of rabbits and divided into control (n=6), intra-arterial (n=7) and intramuscular groups (n=5). Plasmid DNA ($phVEGF_{165}$) expressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was obtained from HL60 cells, and transfection into CHO cells and western blot analysis of the medium, as well as proliferation assay of CPAE cells were performed. Two weeks after construction of the models, 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$ $phVEGF_{165}$ was injected into both the left common iliac artery and thigh muscles. Angiography was performed and the number of vessels counted, and ELISA was used to determine the quantity of VEGF in blood samples. Wilcoxon signed rank test was employed for statistical analysis. Results: VEGF165 was expressed on western blot of the culture medium. Proliferation assay showed that optical densities were 0.73${\pm}$0.043 in the control study and 1.09${\pm}$0.015 in $phVEGF_{165}$. The angiographic scores were 1.32${\pm}$0.13 (pre-gene therapy) and 1.30${\pm}$0.07 (post-gene therapy) in the control group, 1.42${\pm}$0.15 and 1.59${\pm}$0.09 in the intra-arterial group, 1.59${\pm}$0.27 and 1.14${\pm}$0.12 in the intramuscular group. The differences were not statistically significant. In the intra-arterial group, serum VEGF levels were 39.96${\pm}$1.08 pg/ml (pregene therapy), 44.99${\pm}$2.13 pg/ml (4th day), 48.18${\pm}$1.49 pg/ml (1st week), 45.70${\pm}$3.77 pg/ml (2nd week), and 46.54${\pm}$5.47 pg/ml (3rd week), but in the control and intramuscular groups there were no increases. Conclusion: $phVEGF_{165}$ affected the proliferation of CPAE cells. There was no difference in angiographic scores and serum VEGF levels between intra-arterial and intramuscular administrations.

파열된 종격동 흉선낭종의 절제술후 동반된 재팽창성 폐부종 -1례 보고-

조덕근,이종호,곽문섭,Jo, Deok-Geun,Lee, Jong-Ho,Gwak, Mun-Seop 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 1997 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.30 No.11

재팽창성 폐부종은 만성적으로 허탈된 폐를 흉강 삽관술이나 늑막 천자술에 의해 급속히 재팽창시킬 때 발생하는 드문 합병증이다. 이는 또한 폐허탈 기간이 참거나 흉강내 흡인술의 적용없이도 발생할 수 있다. 저자들은 거대 종격동 흉선낭종의 절제술후 동반되어 발생한 재팽창 폐부종을 경험하였다. 환자는 26세 여자로 결핵성 흡수로 오인된 거대 종격동 낭종에 의해 장기간 폐허탈이 동반되어 있었다. 흉수배액을 위한 폐쇄식 흉강삽관술로 유발된 낭종의 파열로 농흉이 합병되었다. 저자들은 파열된 흉선낭종과 농홍을 성공적으로 수술 치험하였고, 낭종 절제술후 병발된 재팽창성 폐부종에대해 약물요법과 호기말 양압법을 이용한 기계호흡으로 치료하였다. 환자는 이후 특별한 합병증없이 건강히 퇴원하였다. Unilateral reexpansion pulmonary edema(RPE) is generally considered a rare complication occurring when a chronically atelectatic lung is rapidly reexpanded by tube thoracostomy or thoracentesis. It can also take place when the lung collapse is of short duration or when the lung is reexpanded without intrapleural sucti n. We experienced a case of RPE following surgical resection in mediastinal thymic cyst A 26 year old female patient suffered from long-standing atelectasis of the right lung due to a huge mediastinal cyst that was misrecognized as tuberculous pleural effusion. Empyema developed after iatrogenic rupture of mediastinal cyst by pig-tailed tube thoracostomy. We successfally managed the ruptured mediastinal thymic cyst, empyema and postoperatively developed RPE following reexpansion of the collapsed lung. The patient was treated with drugs and mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure for RPE. The remainder of her hospital course was uneventful.