제주산 보통온주의 저온저장

梁相互,高正殷,金聖學,高正三 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1994 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.11 No.-

제주산 청도온주의 저온저장조건을 검토하였다. 저장기간 중 3월 하순까지는 과피수분, 가용성고형물, 총당, 비타민 C, 비중의 변화가 매우 적었으며, 부패율이 20%수준으로서 비교적 신선도를 유지한 상태에서 저장이 가능한 것으로 보였다, 그러나 그 이후에는 온도가 낮을수록 냉해증상이 심하게 일어나 부패과의 발생이 많아지면서 저장이 어려웠다. 또한, 중량감소, 경도의 저하, 산함량의 저하는 저장기간동안 계속하여 서서히 일어났다. 온주밀감의 경우 저온에서 장기간 저장이 어려움을 알 수 있어서 저장용 감귤의 특성을 고려하여 저장조건을 설정할 필요가 있었다. The conditions of cold stroage of Citrus aoshima unshiu produced in Cheju were investigated. The changes of peel moisture content, soluble solids, total sugar, vitamin C and density were slightly occured, and decay ratio was below 20% on keeping freshness relatively till late of March during cold storage. After that, decayed citrus fruits were increased from cold injury with lower temperature. The loss of fruit weight, decrease of fruit hardness, and decrease of acid content were occured gradually during cold stroage. Because of the difficulty of long term storage for Citrus unshiu, the conditions and periods of cold storage would be determined after considering the physicochemical properties of fruits every year.

연령에 따른 흰쥐 망막의 변화에 대한 형태학적 연구

고정식 순천향대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.12 No.1

본 실험은 연령에 따른 흰쥐망막의 형태학적 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 어린쥐(생후 3개월), 젊은쥐(생후 12개월) 및 늙은쥐(생후 30개월)로 구분하여 Fisher 344계 흰쥐를 사용하였으며 각 군에 4마리씩 사용하였다. 실험동물은 4% chloral hydrate로 마취한 상태에서 안구를 적출하였으며, 적출된 안구에서 초자체를 제거한 후 망막후부중 일정부위의 망막을 절취하였다. 절취된 조직은 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH7.3)액에 1차 고정한 후, 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)액에 2차 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 탈수과정을 거쳐 araldite mixture에 포매한 후 LKB-V ultratome으로 1㎛ 두께의 절편을 작성하여 toluidine blue 액으로 염색한 후 광학현미경으로 관찰하였다. 망막을 구성하는 각층의 두께는 미측계(micrometer)로 계측하였으며 외망상층과 간상체·추상체층에 출현하는 외핵층세포핵의 수는 망막길이 3.7mm에 출현하는 핵의 개수를 헤아렸다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 어린흰쥐의 망막두께는 256㎛였으며 젊은흰쥐와 늙은흰쥐의 것은 각각 253㎛와 198㎛였다. 2. 망막을 구성하고 있는 8층 가운데서 색소상피층과 신경섬유층을 제외하고는 모두 연령이 증가함에 따라 그 두께가 얇아졌는데, 특히 외핵층의 두께가 가장 심하게 감소되었다. 3. 간상체·추상체층에 출현하는 외핵층의 세포핵은 어린 흰쥐의 경우 망막길이 3.7mm 당 1.1개였으며, 증가함에 따라 그 출현빈도가 뚜렷하게 증가되었다. 4. 외망상층에 출현하는 외핵층의 세포핵의 수는 어린흰쥐의 경우 망막길이 3.7mm 당 8.2개였으며, 젊은흰쥐는 27.8개, 늙은흰쥐는 65.7개로서 연령이 증가함에 따라 그 출현빈도가 뚜렷하게 증가되었다. To study the age-related morphological differences of retinae of rats, retinae of young(3 months-old), adult(12 months-old) and old(30 months-old) Fisher strain 344 rats were dissected out under anesthesia. Specific area from the posterior portion of retina of each rat was fixed in 2.5% glutaradehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde, and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. Fixed tissues were embedded in the araldite mixture, and 1 ㎛ thin sections with LKB-B ultratome. The sections were stained in toluidine blue solution. Under light microscope, thickness of retinal layers were compared with micrometer, while the ectopic nuclei from outer nuclear layer appearing in the rod and cone layer and in the outer plexiform layer were counted within the 3.7 mm-length of the retinae. The results were as follow: 1. Thickness of retinae of rats show differences according to their age. In the young rat, mean thickness of retina was 256㎛, while that of adult rat was 253㎛ and that of old rat was 198㎛, respectively. 2. Of the 8 retinal layers, thickness of each layer, except the pigment epithelium was thinned out. Thinning was most significant in the outer nuclear layer. 3. Ectopic nuclei scattered in the rod and cone layer were 1.1 in young rats, 3.5 in adult rats, 16.2 in old rats per each 3.7 mm-length of retinal sections, respectively. Data show the significant increase of ectopic nuclei in the rod and cone layer according to the aging of the rat. 4. Ectopic nuclei in the outer plexiform layer were 8.2 in young rats, 27.8 in adult rats, and 65.7 in old rats per each 3.7 mm-length of retinal samples, respectively. It shows also significant age-related increase of ectopic nuclei in the outer plexiform layer.

고교생의 자가건강관리형태에 관한 연구

고정림,천은석,백영호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 2008 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 고등학생의 자가건강관리형태에 관한 연구를 위해 B.U시에 있는 13개 고등학교 총 900명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 불성실한 25명을 제외한 875명을 대상으로 고등학생들의 자가건강관리형태를 비교하였으며, 자료처리는 chi-square 검정을 실시하였으며, 유의수준은 a=.05로 설정하여, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 강관리형태는 성별에 따른 체형인지도와 운동여부의 형태를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 여학생, 남학생 모두에서 체형인지도는 약간 살찐형, 운동참여이유는 건강, 운동 불참이유는 시간이 없어서로 각각 나타났으며, 여가시간 사용 형태에서 컴퓨터 사용시간은 여학생이 1시간 남학생은 안한다가 가장 높았고, 스트레스 해소 방법과 수면시간은 남녀 모두 음악 듣기와 6시간의 수면이 가장 높게 나타났다. 성별에 따른 음식 섭취형태는 선호음식이 여학생 남학생 모두 육식 위주가 가장 많았고, 선호음료는 여학생이 쥬스류, 남학생은 쥬스와 유제품이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.........

발꿈치힘줄이 절단된 흰쥐의 가자미근과 장단지근내의 모세혈관과 신경섬유의 형태학적 연구

고정식,최기수,양남길,안의태,박경호,김진국 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.1

靑少年의 異性交際왕 性에 대한 態度에 관한 硏究

고정자,박은령 동아대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The aims of this study are that teenagers learn the salutary intersexual friendship and sexual behavior for their mature personality growing up smooth by analysing the teenagers' intersexual relationship and sexual behavior. To achieve the purpose the themes of study are : First, general tendencies of the teenagers' intersexual friendship and the differencies of the teenagers' intersexual friendship according to the independent variables. Second, general tendencies of the teenagers' sexual behavior and the differencies of the teenagers' sexual behavior according to the independent variables. Third, the concern with teenagers' Intersexual friendship experience and sexual behavior. For this purpose, this study was surveyed 800 teenagers of senior high school located in Pusan. They were first and third year in their school of all questionnaires, 769 copies were used for the analysis of final data. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, correlate by SPSS compute program were performed for data treatment. The results of this study are as follows. 1.The general tendencies of the teenagers' intersexual friendship and the differencies of the teenagers' intersexual friendship according to the independent variables. Most teenagers think the teenagers' intersexual friendship is necessary but their intersexual friendship experiences are lower than their cognition of intersexual friendship necessity. Parents tend to aid their children's intersexual friendship and teenagers think intersexual friendship experiences are affirmative. Most questionnaires reply the reason that they do net associate with other sex is that they don't have chances. In gender, school, brothers and sisters, drinking, smoking factors, significant differencies were shown. 2.The general tendencies of the teenagers' sexual behavior and the differencies of the teenagers' intersexual friendship according to the independent variables. Teenagers regard that virginity is important. The interest of sex is very high and they feel sex is human's natural instinct. In gender, school, brothers and sisters, drinking, smoking factors, significant differencies were shown. 3.The concern with teenagers' Intersexual friendship experience and sexual behavior. As teenagers have experienced in Intersexual friendship, their sense of virginity is rare but their interests of sex is strong and view of sex is natural.

폐결핵 환자 혈청에서 수용성 Interleukin 2 수용체 및 Adenosine Deaminase 활성도에 관한 연구

고정희,박성규,백상현,박찬권,박병수,안진영,최우석,박정규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces T cell proliferation in an autocrine manner and provides a means by which antigen triggered T cells can be clonally expanded in vitro. During the following activation, the activity of IL-2 is mediated by specific high affinity IL-2 binding membrane receptors which are expressed shortly after activation. In this process, a 42 KD-fragment (soluble IL-2R) is continuously cleaved off and circulates as a soluble marker of T lymphocyte activation. Elevated level of soluble IL-2R has been identified in the serum of patients with malignant autoimmune and allergic disorders, systemic parasitic infection, undergoing graft versus host disease, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia and HIV-infection. ADA (adenosine deaminase) completes the process of differentiation of T cell and is essential for progression of T cell maturation. Therefore level of ADA is to correlated with magnitude of T cell immune response. The fact that expression of sIL-2R and ADA activity increases in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis suggests that T cell activation might have a major role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In order to evaluate the T cell immune response in pulmonary tuberculosis, we measured the serum concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity in 17 patients with current pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 chronic inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 as normal controls. (1) Current pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly higher levels of sIL-2R (237.24±95.47)when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (78.6±11.06). and the control (68.17±15.4) group. (2) ADA activity in current pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly increased (34.41±20.63) when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (24.7±14.36) and control (17.65± 5.94) group. (3) There was good correlation between sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group. (4) sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity was decreased significantly 6 months after anti-tuberculosis drug medication. In conclusion, sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group was increased when compared with those of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis and the control group. By the way, T cell mediated immune response was enhanced in current pulmonary tuberculosis, but in inactive chronic pulmonary tuberculosis who had treated by antituberculosis drug medication, the concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity was nearly normal.

17세기 田家時調의 서정적 리얼리티에 관한 연구 : <栗里遺曲>을 중심으로

고정희 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 한국문학연구소 2002 한국문학연구 Vol.- No.3

The goal of this paper is to examine the categorical validity of "rural sijo"(jeonga sijo), a new category that has received attention and is distinguished from "nature sijo"(gangho sijo), through an explanation of the lyrical reality of "Yulliyugok."Even if the "realistic realization of the countryside" is persented as reality in nature sijo, the hypotheses used to inyerprect this are the interpretional attitude of an illusiodary would that realizes the concept of poverty.We can call this an illusionary reality.The reason rural sijo have received attention is that they interpret the phrase "realistic realization of the countyside" to mean "as is" and "realistic."This attude, which is in vonflict with illusionary reality, may be called imitative reality.However,rural sijo are influenced by the conventions of nature sijo, and as such it is difficult for its lyrical reality to become a completely imitative reality. In "Yulliyugok," as natural things are processed into artificial things, we can catch a glimpse of a physical definition of nature and an attitude which emphasizes the imition of reality.For example, alcohol is combined with mortal humans desire to escape reality, and the illusionary reality for which alcohol was a medium naturally changes to an imitative reality.Furthermore, it shows the extreme of the physical definition which completely removes the aura of processed foods such as "stremed chicken" and "steamed crab."The "red bean porridge" and "salted kimchi" in "Yulliyugok" may be replaced by any daily foods in a farming household, but they become allegories for the personal and conceptual ideal of "simplicity" and "indifference."In this way, even while the lyrical reality of rural sijo objectifies nature, the original meaming of nature is awakened as allegory. Particularly noteworthy in "Yulliyugok"is the fact that, while imitating the process of making "read bean porridge"-a processed food that is a union of nature and human skill-the typical meaning of conventional language is combined with the realistic meaning of individual poetic language. As a result, nature and human skill, nature and the cultural world are united and a new reality is created that is neither an illusionary reality or an imitative reality. This reality can be called an "allegorical reality." "Allegorical reality," which may be defined as an attitude which tends toward the union of illusion and imitation,is the most basic standard by which the categories of nature sijo and rural sijo are distinguished.

연령에 따른 흰쥐 망막의 기저복합체의 변화에 대한 미세구조적 연구

고정식 순천향대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.12 No.1

본 실험은 연령에 따른 흰쥐 망막 기저복합체의 미세구조적 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 생후 3개월, 12개월 및 30개월된 Fisher 344계 흰쥐를 각군에 4마리씩 사용하였다. 각 동물은 4% chloral hydrate 마취하에 안구를 적출하였다. 적출된 안구에서 초자체를 제거한 후, 망막후부중 일정부위의 망막을 절취하였다. 절취된 조직은 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde고정액(0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH7.3) 에 1차 고정한 후, 1% osmium tetroxide 액(0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3) 에 2차 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 탈수과정을 거쳐 araldite에 포매한 후 LKB-V ultratome으로 60-70nm 두께의 얇은 절편을 만들었다. 각 절편은 uranyl acetate와 lead citrate로 대조염색을 시행한 후 JEM 100CXⅡ 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 기저복합체를 구성하는 5 층의 두께 측정은 각군당 50 매씩의 사진에서 비스듬히 절단된 기저복합체로 인한 오차를 줄이기 위해, 각 사진에서 얇은 부분을 측정하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 망막 기저복합체의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것은 474nm, 젊은 흰쥐의 것은 525nm 및 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 704nm로서 연령증가에 따라 현저히 두꺼워졌다. 2. 맥락막의 모세혈관 기저막의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것이 121nmduTsmsep 비하여 젊은 흰쥐와 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 각각 66nm와 54nm로서 연령이 증가함에 따라 얇아졌다. 3. 외측 교원섬유층의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것은 132nm, 젊은 흰쥐의 것은 139nm 및 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 232nm로서 연령이 증가함에 따라 두꺼워졌다. 4. 탄력섬유층의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것이 91nm였고, 젊은 흰쥐와 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 각각 147nm와 142nm로서 연령이 증가함에 따라 두꺼워졌다. 5. 내측 교원섬유층의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것이 87nm였고, 젊은 흰쥐와 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 각각 106nm 와 119nm로서 연령이 증가함에 따라 두꺼워졌다. 6. 색소상피 기저막의 두께는 어린 흰쥐의 것이 43nm였고, 젊은 흰쥐와 늙은 흰쥐의 것은 각각 67nm 와 157nm로서 현저히 두꺼워졌다. 7. 늙은 흰쥐의 경우, 색소상피 세포와 기저막 사이에 미세한 섬유상 또는 과립상물질<기저침전물>이 침전되어 있는 경우가 자주 관찰되었다. Morphological difference of the Bruch's membrane at different age groups have been studied in young (three months-old), adult(twelve months-old) and old(thirty months-old) Fisher strain 344 rats. Pieces of the tissues taken from the posterior regions of the retina were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde (0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH7.3) and 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH7.3), embedded in araldite mixture. The ultrathin sections contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed under a JEM 100 CX II electron microscope. The mean thickness of each of the five zones of the Bruch's membrane were determined by measuring the thinnest portion of Bruch's membrane, and by taking the average of 50 readings from electron micrographs at different ages. Observed results were as follows: 1. The thickness of the Bruch's membrane is increased during aging: 474 nm in young rats, 525 nm in the adult, and 704 nm in the old. 2. The thickness of the basal lamina of the choriocapillary endothelium is decreased during againg: 121 nm in young rats, 66 nm in the adult, and 54 nm in the old. 3. The thickness of the outer collagenous zone is increased during aging: 132 nm in young rats, 139 nm in the adult, and 232 nm in the old. 4. The thickness of the elastic zone is increased during aging: 91 nm in young rats, 147 nm in the adult, and 142 nm in the old. 5. The thickness of the inner collagenous zone is increased during aging: 87 nm in young rats, 106 nm in the adult, and 119 nm in the old. 6. The thickness of the basal lamina of the pigment epithelium is increased during aging: 43 nm in young rats, 67 nm in the adult, and 157 nm in the old. 7. Accumulaton of finely filamentous or granule-like materials(basal deposit) between basal foldings of pigment epithelium and above its thickened basal lamina is more frequently observed in old rats.

Ni₁-x Cdx FeA10-₄의 구조 분석 및 Mossbauer효과

고정대,홍성락 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.36 No.-

본 연구에서는 ?? 계를 X-ray 회절법과 Mossbauer 분광법을 이용하여 구조 및 자기적 성질을 조사하였다. X-ray 회절선 peak는 (111), (220), (311), (222), (400), (422), (511), (440)면에 의한 것이며 x값이 증가함에 따라 (111), (440)면에 의한 peak가 사라지는 반면 (220)면에 의한 회절 peak가 증가하는 현상은 NiFe₂O₄와 CdFe₂O₄의 ASTM card와 비교할 때 거의 일치함을 알았다. 이것은 x값에 관계없이 spinel의 단일상만 존재하며 격자 상수는 8.3209Å에서 8.6189Å까지 2개의 기울기를 가지고 선형적인 증가를 나타내었다. 이것은 x가 0일 때 NiFe₂O₄(8.339Å)와 NiAl₂O₄(8.048Å)의 격자 상수값의 사이에 존재하며 NiFe₂O₄, CdFe₂O₄에 대한 값보다 작은 것으로 보아 이온 반경이 작은 Al 이온의 영향으로 분석된다. x가 0인 시료에서 부터 x가 0.4인 시료까지 기울기가 다른 것은 Al이 Fe보다 octahedral site의 선호도가 강하여 tetrahedral site의 Al 이온이 차이로 인해 Cd 이온 보다 작은 이온반경을 가진 tetrahedral site에 있는 Al 이온에 의한 영향으로 생각할 수 있다. Mossbauer spectrum으로부터 공명흡수 면적의 비를 계산한 결과 x=0인 경우 양이온 분포에 따른 구조식은 ?? 로 나타났으며 이전의 보고된 결과가 잘 일치하고 있다. 조성비에 따른 Mossbauer spectrum 분석에서 중앙에 나타난 quadrupole splitting에 의한 peak는 superparamagnetic clustering 효과와 domain wall oscillation 효과에 대한 영향으로 생각된다. 상온에서 x값이 0.3이하인 시료까지 나타났던 superparamagnetic에 의한 peak가 x값이 0.4이상인 시료부터는 사라지는 현상을 보이고 있는데, 이것은 tetrahedral site에 있던 Al 이온이 octahedral site를 강하게 선호함에 따라 일어난 현상으로써 tetrahedral에 남아 있던 Al 이온의 영향으로 해석된다. x값이 증가함에 따라 center shift 값은 증가하며 center shift 값이 0.3081mm/sec~0.5803mm/sec의 범위에 존재하는 것으로써 Fe는 ?? 상태임을 알았다. center shift값이 tetrahedral site의 값이 octahedral site 값 보다 작은 것은 Fe-O의 결합 거리가 octahedral site의 것이 크기 때문으로 해석된다. x값이 0.8이상인 시료의 quadrupole splitting값은 magnetic hyperfine field는 x값이 증가함에 따라 감소하며 이에 대한 변화 형태로 보아 ?? 는 Yafet-Kittel의 자기 구조를 갖는다는 것을 알았다. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the ?? (0≤x≤1) have been investigated by means of X-ray diffractometry and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The samples(0≤x≤1) have been prepared by the ceramic sintering method. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the crystal structure of the samples is of a cubic spinel type. The lattice constant has been found by extrapolation using the Nelson-Riley function and it increases slightly from 8.3209Å to 8.6189Å with Cd concentration. Mossbauer spectra of ?? have been taken at 80K and 300K. The Mossbauer spectra for x≤0.3 show a superposition of two sextets and a paramagnetic doublet at room temperature, a relaxation behavior for 0.6≤x≤0.8, and a paramagnetic quadrupole doublet for x≥0.9. The cation distribution for x=0 is determened to ?? with the help of peak intensities. The superparamagnetic doublet for x≤0.3 seems to be due to the superparamagnetic clustering effect.

수용성 미셀용액에서 bromophenol blue와 methyl red 지시약의 pKa´값 결정

高正秀,吳世雄,李善華 木浦大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

Solubilization of some acid-base indicators such as bromophenol blue and methyl red were investigated in aqueous micellar solutions by visible spectrophotometric method. The intrinsic dissociation constants on bulk solution, pKa' of some acid-base indicators were influenced by surfactant and related with charge characters of acid-base indicators and surfactants.