냉각가공한 STS 스테인리스강 주름관의 부식 특성에 관한 연구

김인수,김성진 ( In Soo Kim,Sung Jin Kim ) 한국부식방식학회 1993 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.22 No.1

경상분지(慶尙盆地) 언양단층(彦陽斷層) 지역(地域)에 대(對)한 전기비저항(電氣比抵抗) 탐사연구(探査硏究)

김인수,김종열,Kim, In-Soo,Kim, Jong-Yeol 대한자원환경지질학회 1983 자원환경지질 Vol.16 No.1

Gyeongsang Basin in the southeastern part of the Korean peninsular is characterized by many fault systems. To decipher the geotectonical evolution of the Korean peninsular and marginal basins in her adjacent areas it is prerequisite to understand the spatial distribution pattern and mutual relationships of these fault systems. Because of difficulties in finding any criterion to recognize the faults in field, their extension and mutual relationships in ages are not very clear yet. As an attempt to find geophysical criteria to recognize the fault, geoelectrical resistivity survey was carried out in this study. With the Wenner configuration four resistivity soundings and twenty seven resistivity profilings were done. The electrode distance used was up to 50m. From the results of the resistivity soundings and boring data of earlier groundwater investigations the depth of alluvial and weathered zone was established to be at most 20m in the study area. In the resistivity profiling low resistivity anomaly zones are detected on every traverse, which are interpreted as caused by fractures, fault clays and mylonites in the fault zone. The width of the fault zone amounts to 0.3-1km. By correlating and connecting the negative anomaly zones from traverse to traverse one can determine the trend of th of the faultzone and therefore that of fault itself. The recognized fault trend in this way was $N15^{\circ}-20^{\circ}E$ and this coincides with the direction of the inferred fault line from earlier geological surface mapping. With the help of this characteristical negative anomaly the existance of another $N80^{\circ}W$ trending fault was estabished. This study has shown that geoelectrical resistivity survey can be applied successfully to the problem of tracing fault line insofar as a fault zone has been developed along fault line.

경주-울산일원에 대한 지역지질 특성연구 : 울산단층주변 화강암류의 잔류자기와 대자율

김인수,손문,정현정,이준동,김정진,백인성,Kim, In-Soo,Son, Moon,Jung, Hyun-Jung,Lee, Joon-Dong,Kim, Jeong-Jin,Paik, In Sung 대한자원환경지질학회 1998 자원환경지질 Vol.31 No.1

A total of 469 granitic samples were collected from 44 sites in the Ulsan fault area, southeast Korea. According to the previous petrographic studies, the granitic rocks have been divided into four groups (Hornblende biotite granodiorite, Hornblende granite, Biotite granite and Alkali-feldspar granite). NRM intensities, values of low field magnetic susceptibility, and magnetic behaviors during stepwise demagnetization experiments suggest rather a three-fold classification: In this scheme, Hornblende granite and Biotite granite are grouped together, as they did not show any significant differences in magnetic characteristics. Based on the Ishihara (1979)'s criterion, Alkali-feldspar granite is classified as ilmenite-series granite, whereas others are classified as magnetite-series granite. In the eastern part of the study area including the Tertiary basin area, declinations of site-mean characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRMs) show clockwise deflection of more than 30 from the reference direction of east Asia. Both along and in the adjacent region of the Ulsan fault-line, however, no deflection of remanent direction was observed. A boundary line between the deflected and undeflected site-mean ChRMs is defined in this study, which runs roughly parallel to the Ulsan fault-line at the distance of about 6km eastward from the fault-line. We suggest that this newly found boundary line, which we call Yonil tectonic line, released dextral simple shear stress acted in the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula during the opening stage of the East Sea in the Early Cenozoic.

초고속 Myrinet 통신망에서의 PVM 성능 개선

김인수,심재홍,최경희,정기현,문경덕,김태근,Kim, In-Soo,Shim, Jae-Hong,Choi, Kyung-Hee,Jung, Gi-Hyun,Moon, Kyeong-Deok,Kim, Tae-Geun 한국정보처리학회 2000 정보처리논문지 Vol.7 No.1

본 논문에서는 초고속 통신망인 Myrinet을 기반으로 하는 워크스테이션 연동(network of workstations) 환경하에서 병렬 프로그래밍 모델을 지원하는 PVM (parallel virtual machine)의 통신 성능 개선 방안을 제시한다. PVM을 위해 새로이 제안하는 Myrinet 기반 통신 모델은 커널을 경유하는 기존의 UDP/IP 프로토콜을 이용하는 통신 모델과 Myrinet API를 직접 이용하는 통신 모델을 혼합한 복합 통신 모델이다. 제안된 복합 통신 모델은 사용자 영역(커널)에서 커널(사용자) 버퍼로의 메시지 복사 부하를 제거하고 커널내의 프로토콜 스택 처리를 위한 통신 지연 요인을 감소시키므로, Myrinet상에서 보다 빠른 PVM 테스크간의 데이터 전송 속도를 보장한다. 또한, UDP/IP를 사용하는 기존 PVM에 본 논문에서 제안된 Myrinet 기반 복합 통신 모델을 적용시킨 EPVM (Enhanced PVM)을 구현하고, 이의 성능을 측정하였다. 실험 결과 EPVM의 통신 성능이 기존 PVM 보다 평균 1.5배 정보 우수하다는 것을 확인하였다. PVM (parallel virtual machine) provides a programming environment that allows a collection of networked workstations to appear as a single parallel computational resource. The performance of parallel applications in this environment depends on the performance of data transfers between tasks. In this paper, we present a new Myrinet-based communication model of PVM that improves PVM communication performance over a high-speed Myrinet LAN. The proposed PVM communication model adopts a communication mechanism that allows any user-level process to directly access the network interface board without going through UDP/IP protocol stacks in the kernel. This mechanism provides faster data transfers between PVM tasks over the Myrinet since it avoids data copy overhead from kernel (user space) to user space (kernel) and reduces communication latency due to network protocol software layers. We implemented EPVM (Enhanced PVM), our updated version of the traditional PVM using UDP/IP, that is based on the proposed communication model over the Myrinet. Performance results show EPVM achieves communication speed-up of one to two over the traditional PVM.

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF N-METHYL-D-ASPART ATE RECEPTOR ON THE VIABILITY OF PRIMARY CULTURED NORMAL HUMAN ORAL KERATINOCYTES

김인수,이원,김성훈,최봄,Kim, In-Soo,Lee, Won,Kim, Seong-Hun,Choi, Bohm Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.4

In the present study, I investigated the effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), arachidonic acid (AA), and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor (NOS-I), alone or in combination, on the viability of cultured primary normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK). Specifically, we examined whether AA and NOS-I could protect primary NHOK from glutamate cytotoxicity. The purpose of this study was therefore the preliminary study for the examination of the interaction between these agents and NHOK in order to elucidate the mechanisms by which epithelial growth and regeneration are regulated. NHOK were obtained from gingival tissue of 20 individuals aged 20 to 29, and third passage (P3) cells were used for this study. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. NMDA and NNA, a calcium dependent NOS inhibitor, induced an initial increase in cell number, which subsequently decreased by the $7^{th}$ day. Low concentration of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) induced an increase in cell number while high concentrations of AA ($5\;{\mu}M$ & $10\;{\mu}M$) induced a decrease in cell number. The decrease in cell number induced by NMDA at the $7^{th}$ day was abolished by the addition of low concentrations of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) or NOS inhibitors. Low concentrations of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) or NOS inhibitors may protect the NHOK from NMDA induced cytotoxicity. These reactions might be related to the NMDA receptor in the cell and the change of the intracellular calcium ion concentration.

황련해독탕 추출액의 각막염 원인균에 대한 항균효과

김인수,서진종,김광곤,하동룡,신민구,김의수,전상윤,Kim, In-Soo,Seo, Jin-Jong,Kim, Kwang-Gon,Ha, Dong-Ryong,Shin, Min-Koo,Kim, Eui-Su,Jeon, Sang-Yun 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

Objectives: The goal of this project was to measure the antibacterial effectiveness of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) and its constituents. All of the active ingredients including the final product were prepared using high-pressure sterilization for use as medicinal eye drops. The varying forms of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) were used to treat Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis which are found in keratitis. Methods: The antibacterial effect was measured by observing the presence or absence of antimicrobial activity when treated with varying concentrations of Hwangryunhaedok-tang extract. The tests were performed using a dosage of $70{\mu}l$ dosages of 100%, 50%, 10% and 1% the extracted solution by the minimum growth inhibitory concentration measurement. Antimicrobial activity was measured by examining the correlation between dosage strength and bacterial activity from $70{\mu}l$ to $10{\mu}l$ at the same concentration. Results: 1. Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification), Phellodendri Cortex, and gardenia didn't show any antimicrobial effects against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, or E. faecalis. 2. Barberry root showed antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and S. epidermidis depending on the levels of concentration but didn't show any antimicrobial effects against E. faecalis. 3. Skullcap showed antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and S. epidermidis when a dosage of 100% extract $70{\mu}l$ was used. However, did not show any antimicrobial effects at all against E. faecalis. Conclusions: Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) and its constituents such as barberry root, phellodendri cortex, skullcap, and gardenia, can be used as an alternative to antibiotic medicinal eye drops to treat keratitis. However, further research on effective uses of and efficient extraction methods are needed.

Hydrophobic Sites on the Protein Surfaces of the Pr and Pfr Forms of Phytochrome

김인수,송필순,Kim, In-Soo,Song, Pill-Soon Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 1987 한국생화학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Phytochrome의 활성형인 Pfr과 불활성형인 Pr의 단백질 표면에 있는 소수성 부위를 $\alpha$-chymotrypsin에 의한 부분가수분해와 SDS에 의한 변성으로 연구하였다. Phytochrome을 효소와 60:1 (w/v)의 비율로 가수분해 할때 Pr형의 660 nm 흡광도는 20%가 감소하는 반면 Pfr 형의 730 nm 흡광도는 완전히 소멸하였다. $\alpha$-chymotrypsin의 가수분해물을 SDS-gel 전기영동으로 검정한 peptide 양상으로 보아서 Pr형이 가수분해속도가 빠르지만 단백질표면의 소수성 부위 는 Pfr 형에서 더욱 다양하게 분포되어 있었다. $\alpha$-Chymotrypsin 가수분해의 초기 생성물인 chromopeptide는 non-chromopeptide보다 가수분해 속도가 느리게 나타났다. Pfr 형이 Pr형에 비하여 가수분해 속도가 느림에도 불구하고 흡광 spectrum이 급격히 변화하는 것은 Pr 형에서 Pfr형으로 광전환 할때 단백질과 색소의 결합주변에 소수성 부위가 생성되었기 때문이고 이 소수성 부위는 phytochrome의 활성부위와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되었다. The nature of hydrophobic sites on the protein surfaces of the Pr and Pfr forms of phytochrome (118 kDa) has been studied by spectroscopic and electrophoretic properties of phytochrome that was partially digested with $\alpha$-chymotrypsin. The enzyme digestion bleached the Pfr spectrum completely at a 1:60 (w/v) enzyme to substrate ratio, while the Pr absorbance was decreased by 20%. SDS-gel electrophoresis of the $\alpha$-chymotrypsin-digested phytochrome showed that, at an early stage of digestion, the rate of hydrolysis was faster in the Pr form and the electrophoretic pattern of polypeptide digests was more complicated in the Pfr form than in the Pr form. The chromopeptide domain was more resistant to $\alpha$-Chymotrypsin digestion than the nonchromophore domain. The pronounced susceptibility of the Pfr spectrum to $\alpha$-Chymotrypsin was considered to be the action of the enzyme on hydrophobic site(s) at the chromophore vicinity that was newly developed by phototransformation from the Pr form to the Pfr form.

황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯), 황련(黃連), 황금(黃芩), 황백(黃柏), 치자(梔子)의 Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균효과

김인수,오현승,신민구,이영수,Kim, In-Soo,Oh, Hyun-Seung,Shin, Min-Koo,Lee, Young-Su 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: This experiment was done for investigating antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and Scutellariae Radix extract, Phellodendri Cortex extract, Coptis Rhizoma extract, Gardenia Jasminoides extract against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: After administering S. aureus on a bacterial culture media plate, antimicrobial activity was tested by dripping $80{\mu}l$ diluted Hwangryunheadok-tang and Scutellariae Radix extract, Phellodendri Cortex extract, Coptis Rhizoma extract, and Gardenia Jasminoides extract (100%, 50%, 10%, 1%) on plates that were cultivated for a span of time from 16 to 72 hours. Also, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was tested by dripping the minimum dilution density solution that has antimicrobial activity between $80{\mu}l$ and $20{\mu}l$ ($80{\mu}l$, $60{\mu}l$, $40{\mu}l$, $20{\mu}l$) in measure of density. Antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and four kinds of extracts against S. aureus was continually displayed. Results: 1. S. aureus (Standard Microorganism, ATCC) (1) Antimicrobial activity was displayed for Hwangryunheadok-tang, Scutellariae Radix extract, and Phellodendri Cortex extract respectively in the undiluted solution and 50% of diluted magnification. Gardenia Jasminoides extract showed its activity only in the undiluted solution; Coptis Rhizoma extract showed its activity down to 10% of diluted magnification. The antimicrobial activity of the undiluted solution was increased when the volume of inoculation increased. But, there was no difference when time was extended for cultivation. (2) MIC of Hwangryunheadok-tang, Scutellariae Radix extract was 50%, $20{\mu}l$. Coptis Rhizoma extract was 10%, $20{\mu}l$, Phellodendri Cortex extract was 50%, $80{\mu}l$ and Gardenia Jasminoides extract was 100%, $60{\mu}l$. 2. S. aureus isolated from diarrheal patients (1) When compared to standard microorganism, MIC has decreased. As a result, their antimicrobial activity has increased. (2) Antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and four extracts was continually shown in extending of the time, 16, 24 and 72 hours. Conclusions: The author comes to the conclusion that Hwangryunheadok-tang, and four kinds of extracts have antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Especially, when comparing standard microorganisms with S. aureus isolated from diarrheal patients, some cases showed that antimicrobial activity of all the extracts were better than antibiotics. Thus, if a further study is performed, the use of Hwangryunheadok-tang, and four kinds of extracts will be valuable and beneficial in clinical treatments.

경상분지 남서부 진교-사천 지역 전기백악기 퇴적암에 대한 고자기 연구

김인수,강희철,이현구,Kim, In-Soo,Kang, Hee-Cheol,Lee, Hyun Koo 대한자원환경지질학회 1993 자원환경지질 Vol.26 No.4

A total of 264 independently oriented core samples were collected from 26 sites in the southwestern part (the Naktong Trough) of the Cretaceous $Ky{\check{o}}ngsang$ Basin in south Korea. The sampled formations comprise the sedimentary Shindong and the Hayang Groups of the Lower Cretaceous age. Alternating field and thermal demagnetizations were conducted. Characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) was relatively easily isolated in each formation except in the Chinju formation, from which only remagnetization circles were observed. Even though an extensive use of the fold test was not possible due to the nearly homoclinal nature of the strata in the area, we believe that the ChRM of each formation is of primary origin based on the following grounds: The in-situ ChRM direction of each formation is different from the present geomagnetic field direction. Fisherian precision parameter becomes enhanced through the tilt correction in all formations, closely to the values required for a positive fold test. Three out of the five studied formations pass the reversal test. The mean palaeomagnetic pole position from the studied area is found to be statistically different from the contemporary pole from the Chinese block exclusive of the Shandong area. The difference in magnetic declination suggests a $14.5^{\circ}$ (${\pm}10.5^{\circ}$) clockwise rotation of the studied area relative to the Chinese block comprising the west of the Tan-Lu fault. On the other hand, any significant difference in magnetic inclination and concurrent palaeolatitude is not observed between the studied area and China as well as the other area (Taegu-Andong area) in the $Ky{\check{o}}ngsang$ Basin. The dual nature of the magnetic polarity confirmed in all formations suggests an older than 124 Ma (Neocomian or older) age of the studied sedimentary strata.

고자기학(古磁氣學)의 방법(方法) (I)

김인수,Kim, In-Soo 대한자원환경지질학회 1984 자원환경지질 Vol.17 No.2

For the discussion of palaeogeomagnetic field direction and the movement and rotation of geotectonic blocks it is prerequisite to eliminate the secondary remanent magnetization component out of the NRM vector of given rock samples. Among various techniques alternating field and thermal demagnetization methods are most easily applicable and most widely used ones. Physical principle underlying these methods is the concept of relaxation time: Either with an action of external magnetic field or with an elevated temperature relaxation time of magnetic minerals can be drastically shortened. It has been furthermore shown experimentally that the secondary remanent magnetization can be more easily demagnetized than the primary remanent magnetization. Through careful stepwise demagnetization it should also be possible to discriminate the kind of various remanent magnetizations. In addition to the introduction to the underlying physical principles and experimental results of the alternating field and thermal demagnetization this paper gives various practical tips in earring out the demagnetization experiments. Each alternating field and thermal demagnetization instrumentation which is easily adaptable to domestic palaeomagnetic laboratories is also introduced. This paper provides a compact and practical introduction to the methods in palaeomagnetism and would be of interest to present workers and to those who want to embark on research in this field.