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Nam Soo Kim,June Sig Sung,Doo Hwa Hong IEEE 2011 IEEE signal processing letters Vol.18 No.2
<P>One of the most popular approaches to parameter adaptation in hidden Markov model (HMM) based systems is the maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR) technique. In this letter, we extend MLLR to factored MLLR (FMLLR) in which the MLLR parameters depend on a continuous-valued control vector. Since it is practically impossible to estimate the MLLR parameters for each control vector separately, we propose a compact parametric form of the MLLR parameters. In the proposed approach, each MLLR parameter is represented as an inner product between a regression vector and transformed control vector. We present an algorithm to train the FMLLR parameters based on a general framework of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The proposed approach is applied to adapt the HMM parameters obtained from a database of reading-style speech to singing-style voices while treating the pitches and durations extracted from the musical notes as the control vectors. This enables to efficiently construct a singing voice synthesizer with only a small amount of singing data.</P>
Sung Won Ryu,Hwa Min Kim,Hong J-S,홍우표,안정선,Kim J-J,J.-Y. Moon,박승환,Yang J-M,Yang J-Y 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.3
Inorganic (ZnO)$_{100-x}$(Nd$_2$O$_3$)$_x$ alloy films were prepared at room temperature by the rf-magnetron sputtering, and their optical properties were investigated as functions of the Nd$_2$O$_3$ contents in the films, the film's thickness, and the oxygen content introduced during deposition. These alloy films showed various absorption bands in their optical transmission spectra measured in the visible range. The absorption bands that absorbed light in specific narrow ranges of wavelength could be explained by intra-transitions between the ground-state manifold $^4$$\it{I}$$^{9/2}$ and a number of excited states within the 4$\it{f}$ shell of the Nd$^{3+}$ ions. The absorptions was also shown to strongly depend on the concentration of Nd$^{3+}$ ion in the film and on the film's thickness. We expect that alloy films with a strong absorption band near 582.5 nm should be effective for filtering orange light emitted from a Ne gas discharge, resulting in the primary color purity of the plasma display panel (PDP) being greatly improved. In particular, we suggest that (ZnO)$_{20}$(Nd$_2$O$_3$)$_{80}$ alloy films are the most suitable for color filters of PDPs.
Hwa-Young Kim,Mi-Hyoun Park,김중학,양성범,Seong-Gil Hong,Seong-Ae Lee,Sung-Joo Hwang,Kwang-Soon Shin,서형주 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.1
The objective of this study was to investigate the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and anticancer effectsof exo-biopolymer from rice bran cultured with Lentinus edodes[rice bran exo-biopolymer (RBEP)]. Oral administration ofplanted with Sarcoma-180 cells and inhibited growing Sarcoma-180 cells in intraperitoneum. Solid tumor growth was alsosuppressed by oral administration of RBEP in C57/Bl6 mice transplanted with B16/Bl6 melanoma. Intraperitoneal injectionof RBEP was more effective than oral administration at the same dosage in mice with transplanted tumor cells. According tothis result, when RBEP directly contacts immune cells, the anticancer activity is higher than by indirectly inducing an im-mune response through oral administration. Therefore, we suggest that the administration of RBEP may be effective for pre-venting and/or treating cancer through NK cell activation. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the possible mech-alresponse modifier. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and anticancer effects of exo-biopolymer from rice bran cultured with Lentinus edodes [rice bran exo-biopolymer (RBEP)]. Oral administration of RBEP induced the activation of NK cells in a dose-dependent manner. RBEP also prolonged the life spans of mice transplanted with Sarcoma-180 cells and inhibited growing Sarcoma-180 cells in intraperitoneum. Solid tumor growth was also suppressed by oral administration of RBEP in C57/Bl6 mice transplanted with B16/Bl6 melanoma. Intraperitoneal injection of RBEP was more effective than oral administration at the same dosage in mice with transplanted tumor cells. According to this result, when RBEP directly contacts immune cells, the anticancer activity is higher than by indirectly inducing an immune response through oral administration. Therefore, we suggest that the administration of RBEP may be effective for preventing and/or treating cancer through NK cell activation. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the possible mechanisms of the anticancer activity and to investigate the other beneficial effects of RBEP for the development of a new biological response modifier.
Hwa-young Kim,김중학,Seong-Ae Lee,Hey-eun Chang,Mi-hyoun Park,Sung-joo Hwang,Ju-yeon Lee,목철균,Seong-gil Hong 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.2
Saengshikis a Korean noncooked food made with of more than 30 different whole gains, vegetables, fruits,mushrooms, and seaweeds. All of these ingredients are frozen and dried to minimize the loss of nutrients. Saengshikhas be-come popular among health-conscious people in the Republic of Korea. The study aims to investigate antioxidant effects ofSaengshikby in vivo and human experiments. In in vivo tests, mice were fed Saengshikfor 4 weeks, and oxidative damagewas induced by CCl4. Then the effects of Saengshikon oxidative damage were examined. It was found that plasma lipid hy-droperoxide and protein oxidative damages were significantly suppressed and antioxidants, glutathione, and thiol groups wereincreased. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was increased, and the level of glutamate pyruvatetransaminase was decreased. In a human study, elderly people were given Saengshikfor 24 weeks, and changes in antioxi-dant defense of the body were examined. Antioxidant activities in plasma were enhanced, although the difference was notsignificant. Therefore, it is expected that Saengshikis effective at removing oxidants from body tissues, preventing oxidativedamage, and eventually boosting the antioxidant capacity of the body.
The Methods of Local Residents’ Participation in the Festival in Jeju Island
Hong.Sung-hwa 한국문화관광학회 2002 문화관광연구 Vol.4 No.2
This paper discusses the methods how people in Jeju Island participate in local festivals actively. It, firstly, points out the concept, need, and methods of Island residents’ participation in local festivals through several references. The paper also studies the case of “Sungsan Sunrise Peak Festival 2001” which was led by the residents in Sungsanpo area to examine closely residents’ participation and its positive and negative effects in the festivals. This paper finally suggests the methods how residents can participate in festivals more actively.
Hong, Jung Hwa,Ko, Sang Ok Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Key Engineering Materials Vol.342 No.-
<P>Osseointegration (OI) could be described as the modality for stable fixation of titanium implant to bone structure. The OI has become a realized phenomenon of importance in the dental and rehabilitation sciences since recently developed dentures and artificial limbs are directly attached to human skeleton by using osseointegrated implants. Previously, a study showed that bone strain generated potential (SGP) that is an electrical potential and considered to be generated by fluid flow in bone could be used as a parameter to examine the amount of OI on implant-bone interface. Since no study was performed to understand SGP behavior as a function of position for the implant-bone composite, a one-dimensional map of SGP was constructed along the longitudinal direction of the composite. For the purpose, nine electrodes including one reference were instrumented on the wet composite for the one-dimensional mapping of SGP during compression tests. The peak magnitudes of SGP were found to be significantly increased when the measurement position was approached for the interface of implant-bone. The results could indicate that the spatial SGP behavior of osseointegrated implant-bone composite could be caused by the interface of the implant-bone.</P>
Influence of Environmental Exposures on Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea
Hong, Yoonki,Lim, Myoung Nam,Kim, Woo Jin,Rhee, Chin Kook,Yoo, Kwang Ha,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Yoon, Ho Il,Kim, Tae-Hyung,Lee, Jin Hwa,Lim, Seong Yong,Lee, Sang Do,Oh, Yeon-Mok The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.5
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation and results from environmental factors and genetic factors. Although cigarette smoking is a major risk factor, other environmental exposures can influence COPD. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of COPD according to the history of environmental exposure. Methods: The study population comprised of 347 subjects with COPD who were recruited from the pulmonary clinics of 14 hospitals within the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease Study Group. We classified environmental exposures according to history of living near factory, and direct exposure history to firewood or briquette. According to living environmental exposures, we compared the frequency of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function, quality of life, exercise capacity, and computed tomography phenotypes. Results: Thirty-one subjects (8.9%) had history of living near factory, 271 (78.3%) had exposure history to briquette, and 184 (53.3%) had exposure history to firewood. Patients with history of living near a factory had a significantly longer duration of sputum, while patients with exposure to firewood tended to have lower forced expiratory volume in one second, and patients with exposure to briquette tended to have lower six minute walk distance. Conclusion: COPD subjects with the history of living near factory had more frequent respiratory symptoms such as sputum. Our data suggest that environmental exposure may influence clinical phenotype of COPD.