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좌승희, 조성봉(Sung-Hee JWA),Sung Bong CHO 한국경제연구원 2004 한국경제연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2004 No.-
Sung-Hee JWA and Sung Bong CHO The establishment of the rule of law in the social and economics spheres is fundamental towards effective and practical reform of a country’s legal and institutional environment. Such reform must take place under the rule of law, and not through human or administrative discretion. We claim that establishing ‘a law-governed economy,’ which is defined as the operation of an economy under the rule of law, is an indispensible feature for Korea’s proper economic reform. In Korea, many factors presently hinder the establishment of a law-governed economy, of which the most important are the persistent government intervention into markets, the government’s excessive discretionary power, the weak check and balance among the three government branches, the absence of regulatory bodies’ independence, the unclear division of labor among government bodies, and the ‘egalitarian trap’ embedded in the Korean culture. We argue in this paper that political reform is a prerequisite to a law-governed economy. There should be a conscious effort to remove entry and exit barriers in political markets, as well as reduce significantly its high-cost structure. Through such a process, and by improving the country’s economic institutional environment, more effective economic reform, especially of corporations, will then become possible. Regarding corporate sector reform, there is a need to establish a proper market disciplinary system by strengthening the monitoring roles of various market participants, thus replacing the existing regulatory framework that aims to directly control corporate behavior.
3T Multi Voxel Spectroscopy에서 SENSE와 NEX 변화에 따른 정상인 뇌 대사물질 변화 분석
성열훈,임재동,이재현,조성봉,우동철,최보영,Seong, Yeol-Hun,Rhim, Jae-Dong,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Cho, Sung-Bong,Woo, Dong-Chul,Choe, Bo-Young 한국의학물리학회 2008 의학물리 Vol.19 No.4
자기공명분광법(magnetic resonance spectroscopy: MRS)은 인체내 대사물질을 정량분석하여 병변의 조기진단 및 정밀진단에 도움을 주고 있으며, 최근 임상에 이용되고 있는 자기공명분광법은 single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) 기법과 multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS) 기법이 있다. 본 연구에서는 SENSE와 NEX를 변화시킨 multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS)의 데이터와 기존 single voxel spectroscopy (SVS)의 데이터를 비교 분석하여, 각각의 데이터의 유의성 차이를 평가하고자 하였다. 정상 성인 지원자 13명(남자: 5명, 여자: 8명, 평균 41세, 표준편차 11.65세)을 대상으로 chemical shift image (CSI)를 이용한 MVS검사를 시행하였다. 장비는 3.0T Achieva Release Version 2.1 (Philips Medical System, Netherland)을 이용하였고, 8 channel head coil을 사용하여 brain thalamus 부위에서 CSI spectrum을 1 slice 획득하였다. Scan parameter로는 FOV (field of view): $230{\times}184mm^2$, TR (time to repetition): 2000 msec, TE (time to echo): 288 msec, matrix: $15{\times}12$, VOI(view of interest): $110{\times}110mm^2$, voxel size: $15{\times}15{\times}15mm^3$로 하였다. SENSE factor (S)와 NEX (N)는 S1*N1, S2*N1, S2*N2, S3*N2로 변화하여 스펙트럼을 획득하였고, 각 scan time은 5분 54초, 3분 32초, 6분 20초, 4분 20초였다. 얻은 모든 MRS 데이터는 jMRUI 3.0 Version 프로그램에서 분석하였고, SENSE factor와 NEX를 변화시켜 얻은 MVS data 그룹들이 정상 성인 뇌 대사물질의 변화에 영향을 주는지 검증하기 위해 그룹 간에 ANOVA분석을 실행하여 P 값이 0.05보다 크게 나오면 그룹들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없다고 분석하였다. NAA/Cr과 Cho/Cr의 상대적 비율은 MV와 SVS사이에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 즉, SENSE factor와 NEX를 변화시켜 얻은 MVS data에서 정상 성인 뇌조직의 대사물질의 변화를 관찰한 결과, S1*N1의 NAA/Cr은 $1.45{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.88{\pm}0.03$이고, S2*N1의 NAA/Cr은 $1.44{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.05$, S2*N2의 NAA/Cr은 $1.43{\pm}0.02$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.04$이며, S3*N2의 NAA/Cr은 $1.45{\pm}0.03$, Cho/Cr은 $0.87{\pm}0.03$으로 나타났다(F-value : 1.37, D.F : 3, P-value : 0.262). 그러나 데이터의 질을 측정하기 위한 MVS 데이터의 NAA Peak line-width는 SVS 데이터의 NAA Peak line-width 보다 약 3배 정도 넓었다. 본 연구에서는 MVS에서 SENSE factor와 NEX 값을 다양하게 변화시킨 MVS의 데이터와 SVS의 데이터가 큰 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 즉, 어는 특정 부위의 뇌 조직의 대사물질은 MVS와 SVS 기법 모두 큰 차이가 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 MVS는 SVS보다 광범한 부위를 짧은 시간 안에 검사할 수 있으므로 매우 유용한 방법이라고 사료된다. To evaluate the metabolic changes in normal adult brains due to alterations SENSE and NEX (number of excitation) by multi voxel MR Spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla. The study group was composed of normal volunteers (5 men and 8 women) with a mean ($\pm$ standard deviation) age of 41 (${\pm}11.65$). Their ages ranged from 28 to 61 years. MR Spectroscopy was performed with a 3.0T Achieva Release Version 2.0 (Philips Medical System-Netherlands). The 8 channel head coil was employed for MRS acquisition. The 13 volunteers underwent multi voxel spectroscopy (MVS) and single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) on the thalamus area with normally gray matter. Spectral parameters were as follows: 15 mm of thickness; 230 mm of FOV (field of view); 2000 msecs of repetition time (TR); 288 msecs of echo time (TE); $110{\times}110$ mm of VOI (view of interest); $15{\times}15{\times}15$ mm of voxel size. Multi voxel spectral parameters were made using specially in alteration of SENSE factor (1~3) and 1~2 of NEX. All MRS data were processed by the jMRUI 3.0 Version. There was no significant difference in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio between MVS and SVS likewise the previous results by Ross and coworkers in 1994. In addition, despite the alterations of SENSE factor and NEX in MVS, the metabolite ratios were not changed (F-value : 1.37, D.F : 3, P-value : 0.262). However, line-width of NAA peak in MVS was 3 times bigger than that in SVS. In the present study, we demonstrated that the alterations of SENSE factor and NEX were not critically affective to the result of metabolic ratios in the normal brain tissue.
Cho Hee-Mun,Kim Hyunji,Jang Jihee,Cha Seungwoo,Chang Won Kee,Jung Bong-Keun,Park Dae-Sung,Jee Sungju,Ko Sung-Hwa,Shin Joon-Ho,Kim Won-Seok,Paik Nam-Jong 대한뇌신경재활학회 2023 뇌신경재활 Vol.16 No.1
The attitude toward telerehabilitation (TR) among therapists (191 physical therapists and 159 occupational therapists) in Korea was sur veyed. The sur vey consisted of 15 questions in the following 8 domains: awareness(AW), attitude (AT), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived behavioral control (PBC), self-efficacy (SE), facilitating conditions (FC), barriers (B), and behavioral intention (BI). Therapists with experience in TR responded with higher scores in all domains except B, regardless of their specialty. The most perceived barriers to TR were unmatched insurance fees and a lack of technical support. Experience with TR was a major factor in attitude and behavior intention toward TR
(Sung Gon Lee,(Jong Bum Kim,(Sun Hwa Ha,(Myung Chul Lee,(Wan Hye Ye,(Jang Yong Lee,(Shin Woo Lee,(Jung Bong Kim,(Kang Jin Cho,(Young Soo Hwang 한국응용생명화학회 2001 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.44 No.2
Pepper plants (Nogkwang, 60-day old) were inoculated with Phytophthora capsici to induce sesquiterpene cyclase associated with the biosynthesis of phytoalexin (capsidiol), a substance related to the defense against pathogens in plants. One day after inocul
Improved cycle performance of annealed Si/Ni/Cu film electrodes
Cho, Gyu-Bong,Noh, Jung-Pil,Bae, Sang-Ho,Kim, Ji-Heon,Lee, Jung-Goo,Kim, Ki-Won Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2010 Physica scripta Vol.2010 No.t139
<P>Electrochemical properties of Si/Ni/Cu film electrodes were investigated with different Ni film thicknesses (50–600 nm) and annealing temperatures (200–500 °C). The morphology of amorphous Si film was considerably affected by surface features of the Ni under-layer. The best cycle performance of 90.2% retention after 70 cycles was obtained from Si/Ni/Cu film with 300 nm thick Ni film and after 400 °C annealing. For the annealed Si/Ni/Cu electrode, the surface morphology (protrusions) and the formation of compounds among Si, Ni and Cu prohibited the volume expansion of Si during the charge–discharge process and enhanced adhesion between films and substrate, respectively.</P>
Cho, Seon-Ho,Kim, Do-Kyung,Kim, Chun-Sung,Lee, Sook-Young,Chun, Hong-Sung,Kim, Jong-Keun,Jung, Kyu-Yong,Lee, Seoul,Choi, Bong-Kyu The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2009 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.52 No.3
The Angelica decursiva has been used in Korean traditional medicine as an antitussive, an analgesic, an antipyretic and a cough remedy. However, its anti-tumor activity has been completely unknown. In this study, therefore, we have examined the cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract of Angelica decursiva root (EEAD), and the mechanism of cell death exhibited by EEAD in C6 rat glioma cells. Treatment of EEAD in C6 cells induced the apoptotic cell death in a concentration-and a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the proteolytic processing of caspase-3, -7, and -9 was increased by EEAD treatment in C6 cells. In addition, activation of caspase-3 and -7 was detected in living C6 cells by fluorescence microscopy. These results suggest that EEAD can induce the suppression of cell growth and cell apoptosis in C6 rat glioma cells, and therefore, that it may have potential properties for anti-tumor drug discovery.
Development of Reflective Paper-like Display with Triboelectrically Charged-polymer Particles
Cho, Won-Ki,Kwon, Soon-Hyung,Lee, Sung-Guk,Kim, Nam-Jin,Ryu, Byung-Gil,Song, Moon-Bong The Korean Infomation Display Society 2005 Journal of information display Vol.6 No.3
We have developed a paper-like display using polymer particles charged triboelectrically. By using a toner-type display with a simple structure, we continued that polymer particle movement is controlled by only a voltage difference between scan and data electrode. We fabricated a diagonal 2.4 inch panel on the glass substrate and successfully produced an image by the passive driving method with operating voltages of about ${\pm}$ 120 V. The contrast ratio was 4:1.