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氣體一液體 크로마토그래피에 의한 C_1-C_5 탄화수소류의 同時分析과 그 適用
李善行,李華心,徐幀起 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1989 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-
The 18 components of C_1-C_5 hydrocarbons were well separated on a single, packed column operated around 40℃ within 20 min. The chromatographic column is 25% sebaconitrile/chromosorb P-AW(10m x 0.3㎝, 60-80 mesh). The optimum flow rate was determined by making a simple Van Deemter plot of the number of theoretical plates VS. Iinear gas velocity. The most efficient flow-rate of N_2 carrier gas was at 35㎖/min, and the mumber of theoretical plates was 5,000-10,000. The linearity of calibration curves were checked ranging ppm to % concentration of CH_4 and C_3 H_8. Peak area was used for quantitating the C_1 hydrocarbon through C_5 hydrocarbons, and relative standard deviations of 10 measures were less than 2.1%.
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle phenotype by cross-regulation of krüppel-like factors
Ha, Jung Min,Yun, Sung Ji,Jin, Seo Yeon,Lee, Hye Sun,Kim, Sun Ja,Shin, Hwa Kyoung,Bae, Sun Sik The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.1
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype plays an essential role in many cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we provide evidence that $kr{\ddot{u}}ppel$-like factor 8 (KLF8) is essential for tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ ($TNF{\alpha}$)-induced phenotypic conversion of VSMC obtained from thoracic aorta from 4-week-old SD rats. Stimulation of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs with $TNF{\alpha}$ significantly reduced the VSMC marker gene expression and KLF8. The gene expression of KLF8 was blocked by $TNF{\alpha}$ stimulation in an ERK-dependent manner. The promoter region of KLF8 contained putative Sp1, KLF4, and $NF{\kappa}B$ binding sites. Myocardin significantly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF4 and KLF8. The ectopic expression of KLF4 strongly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF8. Moreover, silencing of Akt1 significantly attenuated the promoter activity of KLF8; conversely, the overexpression of Akt1 significantly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF8. The promoter activity of SMA, $SM22{\alpha}$, and KLF8 was significantly elevated in the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. The ectopic expression of KLF8 markedly enhanced the expression of SMA and $SM22{\alpha}$ concomitant with morphological changes. The overexpression of KLF8 stimulated the promoter activity of SMA. Stimulation of VSMCs with $TNF{\alpha}$ enhanced the expression of KLF5, and the promoter activity of KLF5 was markedly suppressed by KLF8 ectopic expression. Finally, the overexpression of KLF5 suppressed the promoter activity of SMA and $SM22{\alpha}$, thereby reduced the contractility in response to the stimulation of angiotensin II. These results suggest that cross-regulation of KLF family of transcription factors plays an essential role in the VSMC phenotype.
Ha, Sun-Hwa,Liang, Ying Shi,Jung, Harin,Ahn, Mi-Jeong,Suh, Seok-Cheol,Kweon, Soon-Jong,Kim, Dong-Hern,Kim, Young-Mi,Kim, Ju-Kon Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL Vol.8 No.8
<P>Summary</P><P>Coordination of multiple transgenes is essential for metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathways. Here, we report the utilization of two bicistronic systems involving the 2A sequence from the foot-and-mouth disease virus and the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence from the crucifer-infecting tobamovirus to the biosynthesis of carotenoids in rice endosperm. Two carotenoid biosynthetic genes, phytoene synthase (<I>Psy</I>) from <I>Capsicum</I> and carotene desaturase (<I>CrtI</I>) from <I>Pantoea,</I> were linked via either the synthetic 2A sequence that was optimized for rice codons or the IRES sequence under control of the rice globulin promoter, generating <I>PAC</I> (<I><U>P</U>sy-2<U>A</U>-<U>C</U>rtI</I>) and <I>PIC</I> (<I><U>P</U>sy-<U>I</U>RES-<U>C</U>rtI</I>) constructs, respectively. The transgenic endosperm of <I>PAC</I> rice had a more intense golden color than did <I>PIC</I> rice, demonstrating that 2A was more efficient than IRES in coordinating gene expression. The 2A and IRES constructs were equally effective in driving transgene transcription. However, immunoblot analysis of CRTI, a protein encoded by the downstream open reading frame of the bicistronic constructs, revealed that 2A was ninefold more effective than IRES in driving translation. The <I>PAC</I> endosperms accumulated an average of 1.3 &mgr;g/g of total carotenoids, which was ninefold higher than was observed for <I>PIC</I> endosperms. In particular, accumulation of &bgr;-carotene was much higher in <I>PAC</I> endosperms than in <I>PIC</I> endosperms. Collectively, these results demonstrate that both 2A and IRES systems can coordinate the expression of two biosynthetic genes, with the 2A system exhibiting greater efficiency. Thus, the 2A expression system described herein is an effective new tool for multigene stacking in crop biotechnology.</P>
Sun-Hyung Lim,Sun-Hwa Ha,MinJi Choi,Da-Hye Kim,SangKyu Park,Jong-Yeol Lee,Young-Mi Kim 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Anthocyanins, providing the bright red-orange to blue-violet colors, flavonoid-derived pigments with strong antioxidant activity that have benefits for human health. We isolated RsMYB1, which encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF), from red radish plants (Raphanus sativus L.) that accumulate high levels of anthocyanins. RsMYB1 shows higher expression in red radish than in common white radish, in both leaves and roots, at different growth stages. regulatory genes. Transient expression of RsMYB1 in tobacco showed that RsMYB1 is a positive regulator of anthocyanin production. Also, the synergistic effect of RsMYB1 with B-Peru was larger than the effect of Arabidopsis plants stably expressing RsMYB1 produced red pigmentation throughout the plant, accompanied by up-regulation of the six structural and two regulatory genes for anthocyanin production. This broad transcriptional activation of anthocyanin biosynthetic machinery in Arabidopsis included up-regulation of TRANSPARENT TESTA 8, which encodes a bHLH-type TF. These results suggest that overexpression of RsMYB1 promotes anthocyanin production by triggering the expression of endogenous bHLH genes as potential binding partners for RsMYB1. In addition, RsMYB1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants had a higher antioxidant capacity than did non-transgenic control plants. Taken together, RsMYB1 is an actively positive regulator for anthocyanins biosynthesis in radish plants and it might be one of the best targets for anthocyanin production by single gene manipulation being applicable in diverse plant species.