http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Hong‑Jai Lee,Bo‑Young Shin,Jae‑Seung Moon,Ailyn Fadriquela,Selikem Abla Nuwormegbe,Chun‑Chang Ho,Jin‑Su Shin,Jee‑Sang Yoon,Sang‑Kyou Lee,Soo‑Ki Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3
Background Lack of universal replication system for hepatitis B virus with narrow host range and organ tropism has hampered to uncover the pathogenesis of HBV. Previously, we reported the essentiality of humoral milieu and its components toward HBV and hepatitis C virus survival/viability in vitro. Of these components, the precise role of enterohepatic humoral milieu such as bile acid (BA) on HBV cultivation in vitro and in vivo is unknown. Objective We explored whether BA, specifically taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) would directly regulate the viral DNA and surface antigen expression of HBV in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. Result We found that higher concentration of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (tCDCA) is able to preserve the genomic stability of HBV in cell-free DMEM, showing higher the surface antigenicity than taurocholic acid (tCA). In line, we found that in vitro cell culture condition (100 μmol/L of tCDCA coupled with 1 × 108 g e/mL HBV) would be optimal for HBV entry into target cells. Using this, human (HepG2, Huh7), and rodent (Hepa1c1c7, H4-II-E) hepatoma cell lines were infected by HBV, as evidenced by the presence of HBV biomarkers (HBsAg, and HBV DNA in culture supernatant, as well as HBcAg in cell). Further, cellular entry test revealed that HBV is able to infect 12 different non-hepatic cell lines regardless of species, and organ/tissue, consequently reproducing progeny as confirmed by HBV biomarkers. Last, reinfection test showed that the progenies of HBV from immortalized HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells are able to enter into each or vice versa naïve HepG2, and Hepa1c1c7 cells with or without BA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that enterohepatic humoral milieu such as BA, specifically tCDCA would directly regulate HBV DNA and its surface antigen expression in vitro, consequently rendering HBV to enter into human or murine immortalized hepatocytes, and non-hepatocytes. This is the first note to render HBV permissive to human or rodent hepatic and non-hepatic cells via sole manipulation of humoral milieu, thus establishing the platform for in vitro robust replication system of HBV.
열하중을 받는 복합재료 적층판의 손상에 대한 열-음향방출해석
김영복,민대홍,이덕보,최낙삼 한국비파괴검사학회 2001 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.21 No.3
열-음향방출(thermo-AE) 기법을 이용하여 두께 3㎜, [+456/-456]S 복합재료 적층판의 열응력 유기 손상에 대해 비파괴평가의 유효성을 연구하였다. 반복적인 열부하 사이클에 의해서 thermo-AE 사상수가 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타나서 열부하에 따른 카이저효과가 관찰되었다. 열부하사이클중의 thermo-AE 거동을 분석하여 복합재료의 응력자유온도를 결정할 수 있었다. 초음파 C스캔, 광학현미경, 주사형 전자현미경을 통해 섬유파단과 모재파손이 관찰되었으며, 이들 파손 인자는 thermo-AE 신호의 단시간 퓨리에 변환처리에 의해 생성된 3종류의 서로 다른 시간-주파수 특성과 대응하였다. 이 특성을 이용하여 복합재료의 냉각열처리 및 반복 열부하사이클시의 손상발생과정 및 내부 마찰 거동 내역을 추적할 수 있었다.
CV黑鉛鑄鐵의 黑鉛型態 및 機械的 性質에 미치는 Ni첨가 효과에 관한 연구
許甫寧,金水泳,南泰運,徐弘三,金學權 慶尙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.1
In this study, an easy production method of CV (Compacted/vermicular) graphite cast iron with small addition of a Ni which is known as the element of the graphitization was investigated. And so, the effects of fading (holding) time and of Ni addition after the treatments with spheroidizer (Fe-Si-Mg-Ca-Al-Ti-Ce) were also investigated. The results obtained are as follows. 1. According as Ni contents in CV molten cast iron increase, the graphite No. and CV radio were increased. And so, graphite form and the distribution of the graphite were homogenized. 2. When the addition treated with Ni, the tensile strength were increased, and the effect of fading time were decreased.
Al-Si合金의 閃光法에 의한 熱擴散係數測定에 關한 硏究
許甫寧,裵源泰,徐弘三,李寬洙,朴種一 慶尙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.2
本 硏究를 通하여 얻은 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. Al-Si 合金에서 Si量이 增加할수록 熱擴散係數는 감소하나, 共晶組成(Al-12%Si) 部近에서는 亞共晶, 過共晶組成에 비하여 약간 增加하였다. 비열과 비중등의 조건이 一定하다면 熱擴散係數는 pure Al 이 8.47, 亞共晶(6%)組成이 3.24, 共晶組成(12%)이 3.99, 過共晶組成(18%Si)이 3.01(×10-5m2/sec)이다. 2. Cu, P, Na로 개량처리 하였을 때 共晶組成이내에서는 Cu의 경우에 열확산계수가 가장 적었으나, 과공정조성에서는 Cu의 경우가 가장 높았다. After pure Al, Al-6% Si(hypoeutectic composition), Al-12% Si(eutectic comp.) and Al-18% Si(hypereutectic comp.) among Al-Si alloys were treated refinement with addition of Cu(0.5%), P(0.5%) or Na(0.5%), their thermal diffusivities were measured by flash method. And then their microstructures and thermal diffusivities were investigated. The results obtained are as follows. 1. According as sillicon contents in Al-Si alloys increase, the thermal diffusivities decreases, but it increases slightly at eutectic composition(Al-12% Si alloy), if its density and heat capacity are constant, the thermal diffusivities are 8.47(pure Al), 3.24(6% Si), 3.99(12% Si) and 3.01(18% Si) (X10-5m/sec) respectively. 2. When the refinement treated with Cu, P, and Na, the effects of thermal diffusivities of alloys with Cu treated is the lowest under eutectic composition, but its effects is the best at hypereutectc composition.
임영성,강관호,이홍재,서동철,허종수,손보균,조주식 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.3
상수원수를 보다 효과적으로 처리함으로서 양질의 수돗물을 공급하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 낙동강 상수원수를 대상으로 활성탄처리에 의한 공탐체류시간 및 활성탄 여층 깊이에 따른 수처리 효율과 생물활성탄으로서의 이용 가능성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 공탑체류시간(EBCT)에 따른 수처리 효율은 EBCT가 증가할수록 증가되었으나 운전시간이 경과함에 따라 활성탄 흡착능력은 감소되어 처리효율도 서서히 감소하였다. 활성탄 여층깊이에 따른 pH 변화는 활성탄 층 깊이에 따라 거의 없었으며, D0는 활성탄 층 깊이가 깊을수록 서서히 감소하였다. KMnO^4 소비량, UV254 흡광물질 DOC 및 THMFP 처리효율은 활성만 표층으로부터 하부로 내려갈수록 증가하였으며, 운전시간이 경과할수록 활성탄 상층부에 형성되어 있던 흡착대파 하부로 이동하였다. DOC의 상당 부분이 활성탄여과지에 서식하는 미생물 작용에 의해 분해 제거되는 것으로 나타났으며, 운전개시 126일 후의 BAC에서 활성탄 표층으로 부터깊이 20 cm 부근에 미생물이 1.1*10^7 cell/cm^3 이상 존재하는 것으로 관찰되어 생물활성탄 조건을 만족시키고 있었다. This study was carried out to evaluate the pollutant removal efficiencies of the advanced drinking water treatment using mated carbon process. For raw water, Nakdong river was used. From the activated carbon adsorption experiment, the following results were obtained. The efficiency of water treatment enhanced with increase in empty bed contact time. Variation of pH was not detected to the bed depth, but DO content gradually decreased with the bed depth, Removal efficiency of KMnO₄ consumption, UV254 absorption, DOC and THMFP also were increased by increasing in the bed depth. Transition of adsorption zone from upper parts of the bed to the lower parts were detected as treatment periods increased. Large portion of DOCs were degraded and removed by the microbes growing on the surface of activated carbons. Cell numbers of microbes were estimated over 1.1 × 10 exp(7) cell/㎤ at the depth of 20 ㎝ from the surface 126 days after starting operation. The results shown that the activated carbon filter was successfully acted as a biofilm filter.