가진 성형방법을 이용한 금속소재 마이크로 성형공정기술에 관한 연구

이혜진,최종필,김병희,김성욱,신준희,주은덕,이낙규 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

In this Research, the frequency forming method is suggested to micro pattern forming on the metal substrate and the optimal frequency can be manufactured micro pattern on the metal substrate is researched using an experimental method. So many researchers study about micro forming technology such as micro deep drawing, press forming, forging, extrusion etc. But if we want to make a micro pattern on the surface of metal substrate, we must use multi-step forming process to maintain the size of product or substrate. The frequency forming method can be used to solve this problem because the frequency forming method makes the surface to be a vibration mode status and easily deform the surface profile of mold. This paper describes the frequency forming system and optimal frequency range to make a micro pattern on the metal substrate (Cu materials). The frequency range can be classified to high frequency, super sonic range, and low frequency range.

Association Between Green Tea Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk

Andy H. Lee,Wenbin Liang,Fumi Hirayama,Colin W.Binns 대한예방의학회 2010 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.43 No.4

Green tea is a popular beverage and its health benefits are well known. However, inconsistent results have been reported in observational studies concerning the association between green tea consumption and the lung cancer risk. In this commentary, several methodological issues underlying the measurement of tea exposure are highlighted. The recommendations should be useful for designing and planning prospective cohort studies to ascertain the protective effect of green tea against lung cancer.

Association Between Green Tea Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk

Lee, Andy H.,Liang, Wenbin,Hirayama, Fumi,Binns, Colin W. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2010 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.43 No.4

Green tea is a popular beverage and its health benefits are well known. However, inconsistent results have been reported in observational studies concerning the association between green tea consumption and the lung cancer risk. In this commentary, several methodological issues underlying the measurement of tea exposure are highlighted. The recommendations should be useful for designing and planning prospective cohort studies to ascertain the protective effect of green tea against lung cancer.

Validation of Self-Reported Smartphone Usage Against Objectively-Measured Smartphone Usage in Hong Kong Chinese Adolescents and Young Adults

Paul H,Lee,Andy C,Y,Tse,Cynthia S,T,Wu,Yim Wah Mak,Uichin Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.2

Objective This study evaluated the validity of self-reported smartphone usage data against objectively-measured smartphone usage data by directly tracking the activities in the participants’ smartphone among Chinese adolescents and young adults in Hong Kong. Methods A total of 187 participants were recruited (mean age 19.4, 71.7% female) between 2017 and 2018. A smartphone usage tracking app was installed on all participants’ smartphone for 7 consecutive days. After the 7-day monitoring period, they completed a selfadministered questionnaire on smartphone usage habits. Results Although the correlation between self-reported and objectively-measured total smartphone usage time was insignificant (ρ= -0.10, p=0.18), in three out of the four usage domains were positively and significantly correlated, namely social network (ρ=0.21, p=0.005), instant messaging (ρ=0.27, p<0.001), and games (ρ=0.64, p<0.001). Participants’ self-report of the total time spent on smartphones exceeded the objective data by around 760 min per week (self-reported 1,930.3 min/wk vs. objectively-measured 1,170.7 min/ wk, p<0.001). Most of the over-reporting was contributed by the web browsing domain (self-reported 447.8 min/wk vs. objectively-measured 33.3 min/wk, p<0.001). Conclusion Our results showed large discrepancies between self-reported smartphone and objectively-measured smartphone usage except for self-reported usage on game apps.

To vape or not to vape? Effects of exposure to conflicting news headlines on beliefs about harms and benefits of electronic cigarette use: Results from a randomized controlled experiment

Tan, Andy S.L.,Lee, Chul-joo,Nagler, Rebekah H.,Bigman, Cabral A. Elsevier 2017 Preventive medicine Vol.105 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>News coverage of novel tobacco products including e-cigarettes has framed the use of these products with both positive and negative slants. Conflicting information may shape public knowledge, perceptions of e-cigarettes, and their harms. The objective of this study is to assess effects of exposure to conflicting news coverage on US adults' beliefs about harms and benefits of e-cigarette use. We conducted a one-way between-subjects randomized controlled experiment in 2016 to compare the effects of viewing either 1) positive, 2) negative, 3) both positive and negative (conflicting) news headlines about the safety of using e-cigarettes, or 4) no-message. Participants were 2056 adults aged 18 and older from an online survey panel. Outcomes were beliefs about harms (3-item scale, α=0.76) and benefits (3-item scale, α=0.82) of using e-cigarettes. Participants who viewed negative headlines reported increased beliefs about harms (B=0.164, p=0.039) and lower beliefs about benefits of e-cigarette use (B=−0.216, p=0.009), compared with those in the positive headlines condition. These differences were replicated in subgroup analyses among never e-cigarette users. In addition, never e-cigarette users who viewed conflicting headlines reported lower beliefs about benefits of e-cigarette use (B=−0.221, p=0.030) than the positive headlines condition. Valence of news coverage about e-cigarettes (positive, negative, or conflicting) could influence people's beliefs about harms and benefits of e-cigarette use.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In an experiment, participants viewed news headlines about e-cigarettes. </LI> <LI> Outcomes were beliefs about harms and benefits of using e-cigarettes. </LI> <LI> Negative headlines increased beliefs about harms and reduced beliefs about benefits. </LI> <LI> Conflicting headlines reduced beliefs about benefits of e-cigarette use among never users. </LI> <LI> Valence of news coverage about e-cigarettes could influence people's beliefs about e-cigarette use. </LI> </UL> </P>

Is Caffeine Intake Associated With Urinary Incontinence in Japanese Adults?

Hirayama, Fumi,Lee, Andy H. The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2012 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.45 No.3

Objectives: To investigate whether caffeine intake is associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among Japanese adults. Methods: A total of 683 men and 298 women aged 40 to 75 years were recruited from the community in middle and southern Japan. A validated food frequency questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on dietary intake and habitual beverage consumption. Urinary incontinence status was ascertained using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Results: Mean daily caffeine intake was found to be similar between incontinent subjects (men 120 mg, women 94 mg) and others without the condition (men 106 mg, women 103 mg), $p$=0.33 for men and $p$=0.44 for women. The slight increases in risk of UI at the highest level of caffeine intake were not significant after adjusting for confounding factors. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.36 (0.65 to 2.88) and 1.12 (0.57 to 2.22) for men and women, respectively. Conclusions: No association was evident between caffeine intake and UI in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the effect of caffeine in the prevention of UI.

Is Caffeine Intake Associated With Urinary Incontinence in Japanese Adults?

Fumi Hirayama,Andy H. Lee 대한예방의학회 2012 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.45 No.3

Objectives: To investigate whether caffeine intake is associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among Japanese adults. Methods: A total of 683 men and 298 women aged 40 to 75 years were recruited from the community in middle and southern Japan. A validated food frequency questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on dietary intake and habitual beverage consumption. Urinary incontinence status was ascertained using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Results: Mean daily caffeine intake was found to be similar between incontinent subjects (men 120 mg, women 94 mg)and others without the condition (men 106 mg, women 103 mg), p=0.33 for men and p=0.44 for women. The slight increases in risk of UI at the highest level of caffeine intake were not significant after adjusting for confounding factors. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.36 (0.65 to 2.88) and 1.12 (0.57 to 2.22) for men and women,respectively. Conclusions: No association was evident between caffeine intake and UI in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the effect of caffeine in the prevention of UI.

Condom and oral contraceptive use and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Australian women

Hui Jun Chih,Andy H. Lee,Linda Colville,Daniel Xu,Colin W.Binns 대한부인종양학회 2014 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.25 No.3

Objective: To assess the association between condom use and oral contraceptive consumption and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Perth clinics. A total of 348 women responded to the structured questionnaire. Information sought included demographic and lifestyle characteristics such as the use of condom for contraception, consumption of oral contraceptive, and duration of oral contraceptive usage. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models and reported as estimates of the relative risk. Results: The prevalence of CIN was found to be 15.8%. The duration of oral contraceptive consumption among women with abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smear result indicating CIN was significantly shorter than those without abnormal Pap smear result (mean±SD, 5.6±5.2 years vs. 8.2±7.6 years; p=0.002). Comparing to ≤3 years usage, prolonged consumption of oral contraceptive for ≥10 years reduced the risk of CIN (p=0.012). However, use of condom for contraception might not be associated with a reduced risk of CIN after accounting for the effects of confounding factors (adjusted OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.05 to 5.11; p=0.577). Conclusion: Use of oral contraceptives, but not condoms, for contraception appeared to be inversely associated with CIN. Prolonged use of oral contraceptive demonstrated its benefits of reducing the risk of CIN.

Epidemiology and Prevention of Prostate Cancer in Vietnam

Dong, Hoang Van,Lee, Andy H.,Nga, Nguyen Hoai,Quang, Nguyen,Chuyen, Vu Le,Binns, Colin W. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide and a leading cause of mortality. Incidences continues to rise and vary substantially between populations. Although the prevalence of prostate cancer is relatively low in Vietnam, some hospital-based reports have shown an upward trend in recent years. While certain non-modifiable factors such as age, race and genetics are known to be mainly responsible, the literature has also suggested that environmental exposures can delay the onset of this disease. The present study provides a review of the epidemiology of prostate cancer in Vietnam by systematically searching several electronic databases. The results confirm an increasing trend of prostate cancer over the past decade, with age-standardised rate more than doubled from 2.2 per 100,000 men in 2000 to 4.7 per 100,000 men in 2010. However, no study has been found on modifiable risk factors, with the exception of one in vitro experiment that showed the inhibitory effect of garlic on the growth of prostate cancer cells. The lack of epidemiological information poses a difficulty to develop public health interventions to prevent this emerging malignant disease in Vietnam.

Habitual Tea Consumption Reduces Prostate Cancer Risk in Vietnamese Men: a Case-Control Study

Hoang, Van Dong,Lee, Andy H,Pham, Ngoc Minh,Xu, Dan,Binns, Colin W Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11

Background: An upward trend has been noted for the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) in Vietnam, but information is limited on modifiable factors associated with this form of cancer. This case-control study was conducted to ascertain any relationship between habitual tea consumption and PCa risk. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty-three incident patients with histologically confirmed PCa and 419 (340 community-based and 79 hospital-based) controls, matched by age, were recruited in Ho Chi Minh City during 2013-2015. Information on frequency, quantity and duration of tea consumption, together with demographics, habitual diet and lifestyle characteristics, was obtained by direct interviews using a validated questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between tea consumption variables and PCa risk. Results: The control subjects reported higher tea consumption levels in terms of cumulative exposure, frequency and quantity of tea drank than the PCa patients. After accounting for confounding factors, increasing tea consumption was found to be associated with reduced risk of PCa. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.52 (95% CI 0.35-0.79) and 0.30 (95% CI 0.18-0.48) for participants drinking 100-500 ml/day and > 500 ml/day, respectively, relative to those drinking < 100 ml/day. Significant inverse dose-response relationships were also observed for years of drinking and number of cups consumed daily (P <0.01). Conclusion: Habitual tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of PCa in Vietnamese men.