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김유진,박미경,박이랑,이보람,이혜림,전선미,양난영,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38
The results of this Study are as follows:33.6% of all participants have insomnia; 22.5% of those who have insomnia are DIS(difficulty in initiating sleep), 17.3% are DMS(difficulty returning to sleep once awakened) and 7.0% awakened too early. 3 4.8% experience sleepiness during daytime. Type 1, experiencing insomnia and sleepi ness during daytime together, is 12.0%, Type 2, with insomnia only, is 21.6%, Type 3, with sleepiness during daytime only, is 22.8% and 43.5% experience no sleeping disturbances. After studying only those with 3 types of sleeping disturbances, it is found that the most common cause of such disturbance is stress 88.4%, anxiety 56.0%, no apparent reason 33.8%, anxiety/fear/terror 29.3%, hurry 23.6%, alcohol/caffeine 16.9%, bedroom tem perature 11.1%, urination during nighttime and persons living together 10.7%, noise from inside 8.9%, illumination 8.0%, and pain/itch 5.8%. The one group revealed significant differences in residential environment(p=0.003). Sex, age, education level, medicine, monthly earning revealed no meaningful differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), whether taking enough sleep(p=0.029), whether taking regular sleep(p=0.005) showed significant differences depending on whether or not having insomnia, and mean duration of sleep time, time to sleep, time of rising, whether taking naps did not reveal significant differences. Of sleep behavior, time to sleep(p=0.000), whether taking naps(p=0.000), indicated significant differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), and whether taking enough sleep(p=0.000), time of going to bed (p=0.002), whether or not taking nap(p=0.000), whether or not taking regular sleep(p=0.010) indicated significant differences among the sleeping disturbance types.
Abigail María Elena Ramírez Mendoza,Wen Yu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.2
This article presents a fuzzy adaptive control law (FACL) designed for tracking the trajectory of a low-scale unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), based on a new fuzzy adaptive neural proportional integral derivative (FANPID) controller. FACL estimates the angles of rotation, if the reference trajectory is proposed, applying the adaptivity of the new FANPID-Lyapunov controller. UAV parameters were previously identified using the fuzzy adaptive neurons (FAN) method and experimental aerodynamic data. FANPID-Lyapunov controller optimizes trajectory tracking and stability analysis is performed. The FACL simulation results obtained in Matlab®/Simulink show the effectiveness, adaptivity and optimization of the flight control system, because it self-tunes the angles satisfactorily, adapts the gains and parameter for the FANPID-Lyapunov-Fuzzy controller, and reduces the error considerably compared to the controllers PID-Fixed gains, PID-Fuzzy adaptive gains, PID-Lyapunov-Fixed gains, and FOPID-Lyapunov-Fuzzy adaptive gains and parameters.
Quantitative CT Measurements of Emphysema in Never Smoker COPD
( Yu Il Kim ),( Ji Sun Oh ),( Sun Min Kim ),( Hyun Wook Kang ),( Jin Yeong Yu ),( Bo Ram Lee ),( Woo Jin Kim ),( Hee Jung Ban ),( Yong Soo Kwon ),( In Jae Oh ),( Kyu Sik Kim ),( Young Chul Kim ),( Sun 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.114 No.-
Introduction: Although cigarette smoke is the most important risk factor for COPD, never smokers also comprise important proportion of COPD. There is limited knowledge about CT quantitative measurement of emphysema in never smoker COPD. Objectives: To describe the differences of quantitative measurement of emphysema between never smoker and ever smoker COPD. Methods: We included patients with COPD who were older than 45 years. All subjects underwent spirometry and multi-dectector computed tomography examination. The MDCT images were analyzed to determine total emphysema (defined as the percentage of low attenuation areas [LAA%] less than -950 Hounsfield units; %LAA950). Differences between never and ever smokers were examined. Results: A total of 49 COPD patients were inclued; 23 never smokers and with 25 ever smokers The mean %LAA950 was 0.5 (SD, 1.1) and 15.3 (SD, 7.0) in never and ever smoker COPD cases, respectively. %LAA950 was significantly lower in never smokers with COPD compared to ever smokers (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis adjusting age, sex and lung volumes, smoking status was the significant factor to determine the severity of emphysema. Conclusions: Never smokers with COPD have less CT emphysema than smokers. This difference in radiographic expression may in part explain the different features of COPD according to smoking status.
Yu, A Ram,Kim, Hee-Joung,Lim, Sang Moo,Kim, Jin Su Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 BioMed research international Vol.2016 No.-
<P><I>Purpose.</I><SUP>124</SUP>I has a half-life of 4.2 days, which makes it suitable for imaging over several days over its uptake and washout phases. However, it has a low positron branching ratio (23%), because of prompt gamma coincidence due to high-energy <I>γ</I>-photons (602 to 1,691 keV), which are emitted in cascade with positrons.<I> Methods.</I> In this study, we investigated the optimal PET energy window for <SUP>124</SUP>I PET based on image characteristics of reconstructed PET. Image characteristics such as nonuniformities, recovery coefficients (RCs), and the spillover ratios (SORs) of <SUP>124</SUP>I were measured as described in NEMA NU 4-2008 standards.<I> Results.</I> The maximum and minimum prompt gamma coincidence fraction (PGF) were 33% and 2% in 350~800 and 400~590 keV, respectively. The difference between best and worst uniformity in the various energy windows was less than 1%. The lowest SORs of <SUP>124</SUP>I were obtained at 350~750 keV in nonradioactive water compartment.<I> Conclusion.</I> Optimal energy window should be determined based on image characteristics. Our developed correction method would be useful for the correction of high-energy prompt gamma photon in <SUP>124</SUP>I PET. In terms of the image quality of <SUP>124</SUP>I PET, our findings indicate that an energy window of 350~750 keV would be optimal.</P>
Yu, A. Ram,Jin Su Kim,Hee-Joung Kim,Jisook Moon,Yun Young Choi,Joo Hyun Kang,Sang Moo Lim,Kyeong Min Kim IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on nuclear science Vol.60 No.2
<P><SUP>18</SUP>F -FP-CIT PET image was useful for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although spatial normalization step is necessary in SPM analysis, it was difficult to apply the spatial normalization on <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET due to the lack of reference for spatial normalization. Therefore, additional data acquisition such as MRI or FDG PET scans is needed. In this study, we developed the voxel based statistical analysis method for <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET using early phase of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT. <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET data was acquired from 7 normal and 1 PD model rat brain. Emission PET data was collected for 1 h at the start of 1 mCi of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT. We used the early phase uptake image (from 0 to 1200 s) including perfusion phase as referential information for spatial normalization. Additionally, <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET was acquired as referential data to validate the substitution of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT. To validate early phase <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET data for spatial normalization, correlation coefficient between early phase <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT and <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG were assessed. Using our proposed method, SPM for <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET was successfully implemented. Early phase <SUP>18</SUP>F-FP-CIT PET corresponding early phase and <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET were highly correlated. When we applied our developed method for the comparison between normal and PD, we can identify the difference of <SUP>18</SUP>F -FP-CIT between the normal and PD in the striatum (<I>P</I> <; 0.005, K > 0). The SPM method for <SUP>18</SUP>F -FP-CIT PET data could provide high localization accuracy in PD analysis. This method may be useful for assessment of PD.</P>
Bo-Ram Kim,Bok-ri Park,Yu Jeong Shin,Noh Youl Heo,Jae-Yong Chun 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Recently, researches of molecular biology for the identification of root-knot nematode (RKN) species have been reported in plant quarantine. In this study, applicable and reproducible method to extract high quality genomic DNA from single nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) was developed. Also, the modified method was verified by DNA manipulation techniques such as PCR amplification and cloning. Single juvenile was floated in a drop of water and digested with proteinase K for 24 h. After that, DNA was extracted by using distilled water as extraction buffer. PCR amplification was carried out with universal primers spanning the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region to distinguish species. When using the existing DNA detection method, quantification results showed that 42.86% of the deposited DNA was extracted. Whereas the modified DNA extraction method was increased to 100%. When PCR products test the direct sequencing using the ITS rDNA primers, it was also identified as M. javanica, M. incognita, and M. hispanica. Based on the studies conducted, the application of this modified method would be useful and efficient on plant parasitic nematode molecular assay.
( Bo Ram Yu ),( Hee Suk Chae ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-
Objective: To investigate the impact of different types of benign ovarian cysts on the preoperative serum antiMullerian hormone (AMH) levels and to examine factors associated with preoperative serum AMH levels. Methods: A total of 179 women who underwent surgery for benign ovarian cysts from March 2017 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective study. Depending on the histologic type, all patients were divided into the three groups: endometrioma (n = 89), mature teratoma (n = 65), other benign cyst (n = 25). Results: The differences in age, cancer antigen (CA) 125, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, laterality of cyst, and locularity of cyst (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.007, P = 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively) were statistically significant, while the differences in body mass index (BMI) and cyst size were not statistically significant among the three groups (P = 0.272 and P = 0.21, respectively). The difference in the preoperative AMH levels were statistically significant among the three groups (P = 0.021). The preoperative AMH level showed a statistically significant correlation with age, endometrioma, and mature teratoma (r = -0.144, r = -1.049, r = 1.183, respectively). However, after adjusting for age, BMI, CA 125, CA 19-9, cyst size, laterality of cyst, locularity of cyst, the differences in the preoperative AMH levels were not statistically significant among the three groups (P = 0.671). Conclusion: The preoperative serum AMH levels were similar among endometrioma, mature teratoma, and other benign cyst.
Genital tract cavernous hemangioma as a rare cause of postpartum hemorrhage
( Bo Ram Yu ),( Ga Eul Lee ),( Dong Hyu Cho ),( Young Ju Jeong ),( Jeong Heon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.5
Cavernous hemangiomas rarely involve the female genital tract. It is difficult to identify vascular malformations when these lesions are concealed in the vagina or deep vulva area. We present a rare case of vaginal cavernous hemangioma in a 30-year-old primiparous woman with an early severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and delayed continuous bleeding from the episiotomy site. She was treated successfully with transarterial embolization of the left vaginal artery. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of PPH caused by rupture of a vaginal hemangioma during vaginal delivery in English literature.