실험적인 간암 유발과정에서 Butylated Hydroxytoluene이, 미치는 영향 I : 미세구조적인 연구

최정목,강대영,서광선,이충식,송규상,김진만,박원학,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Kang, Dae-Young,Suh, Kwang-Sun,Lee, Choong-Sik,Song, Kyu-Sang,Kim, Jin-Man,Park, Won-Hark 한국현미경학회 1997 Applied microscopy Vol.27 No.2

A morphologic study on the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl aminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) was investigated. A total of 110 Sprague-Dowley male rats weighting about 200 g each were used for the experiment, and divided into 4 groups; the 3'-MeDAB, BHT, 3'-MeDAB/BHT treated group, and the control group. Four to eight rats of each group were sacrified on the 4th, 8th, 14th and 16th experimental weeks, with continuous pelletized feeding containing 0.09% 3'-MeDAB and 0.5% BHT. The liver was examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The results were as follows; Electron microscopically, the fine structure of the hepatocytes remained consistently abnormal up to 16 weeks after the 3'-MeDAB treatment. There was no significant difference in the groups observed earlier than in the ones observed later. Many subcellular changes were observed : nuclear change, decreased glycogen, mitochondrial abnormalities, disaggregated rough endoplasmic reticulum, marked proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, dilatation and distortion of bile canaliculi, increased lysosomes, apoptotic bodies, migration of bile ductule cell. In the BHT treated group, the ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes were not significant, except for the lipid droplets and proliferated smooth endoplasmic reticulum among hepatocytes depending on the experimental duration. The various subcellular changes of 3'-MeDAB/BHT treated groups were simillar to those of the 3'-MeDAB treated group, but the degree of changes in the 3'-MeDAB/ BHT treated group decreased compared with those of the 3'-MeDAB treated group. These results suggest that dietary butylated hydroxytoluene has a protective/inhibitory effect on the hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethyl -aminoazobenzene.

흰쥐에서 Treadmill 훈련에 따른 심근의 적응과 cytochrome oxidase 활성에 관한 세포화학적 연구

최정목,이충식,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Lee, Choong-Sik 한국현미경학회 2001 Applied microscopy Vol.31 No.1

흰쥐를 실험 대상으로 하여 Treadmill 운동을 실시하여 운동에 의한 심근의 적응과 cytochrome oxidase 활성에 관한 세포화학적 연구 알아보고자 실험을 실시하였다. 실험동물은 SD계 웅성 흰쥐를 이용하여 출생 3개월 정도의 체중 $150{\pm}10g$정도로 실험을 시작하였다. 실험군은 일상 대조군과 운동군 2개군으로 나누고, 각각 1일, 3일, 1주일, 4주일, 8주일 및 12주일 동안 각각 4마리씩 운동시켜 실험에 이용하였다. 형태 계측학적 방법으로 심장의 무게변화, 심근섬유와 모세혈관의 비, 그리고 CO 활성정도를 측정하였다. 광학및 전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 심장무게 변화는 모든 실험군에서 실험기간에 비례하여 증가하였다. 일상 대조군에 비해 운동군에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 모세혈관과 근섬유 비율은 일상 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었고, 운동군에서는 운동 4주일 이후부터 유의한 증가를 보였다. Cytochrome oxidase C 활성율은 일상 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었고, 운동군에서는 운동 1주일 이후부터 유의한 증가를 보였다. 사립체에 CO활성 형태는 일상 대조군에서는 I형과 III형이, 운동군에서는 실험기간에 비례해서는 II형과 III형이 많이 관찰되었다. 이상과 같은 실험결과들을 미루어볼 때 Treadmill 운동결과 CO의 활성과 심근섬유와 모세혈관의 비율이 운동에 의해 변화를 보여, 흰쥐의 심근에서는 treadmill 운동은 약 4주 정도에서 심장의 적응성이 어느 정도 이루어지는 것으로 사료된다. The present study was to elucidate the cytochemical study on the cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity and myocardial adaptation to treadmill exercise in rat. The three month Sprague-Dowley male $(150{\pm}10g)$ were used in experimental animal. The experimental groups were divided into 2 groups: the normal sedentary group and the treadmill exercise group. On each 1st and 3rd day, 1st, 4th, 8th, and 12th experimental week four rats of each group were sacrificed for tests. The morphometrical measurements were used to evalute the change of heart weight, rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries, and cytochemical study of CO activities, using light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows: The heart weights were more increased in the treadmill exercise group than those of their sedentary group. The rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries were not changed in sedentary group, but those were significantly from 4th weeks in the treadmill exercise group. The CO activity was not changed in sedentary group, but increased in treadmill exercise group after 1 st week. I and III types of CO activity were increased In sedentary group, in contast to II and III types in treadmill exercise group on electron micrographic study. These results suggest that, the treadmill exercise-induced changes in CO activity and rate of myocardial fibers to capillaries appear to be related to exercise, and the adaptive response seems to occurs from 4th week of treadmill exercise.

장례식장 시신관리 시설에서 병원미생물의 감염관리에 관한 연구

최정목(Choi Jeung-Mok),남승현(Nam Seung-Hyun) 한국보건기초의학회 2018 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the contamination, by pathogens, of equipment and tools that come in contact with deceased bodies at funeral homes. The pathogen test was conducted on the body refrigerator, the body pedestal, the body treatment table, the body processing tools, and the sanitary clothing. The following findings were obtained: A total of 69 species of bacteria from 29 genera along with 16 species of fungi from 10 genera were detected. There was a variation in the detection frequency of bacteria in the same tested area depending on the funeral home. However there was no difference in the detection frequency of bacteria between the different tested areas. Additionally the detection frequency of fungi was slightly different depending on the tested area and target sample. Among the five sample sites, the largest source of pathogens discovered was the body treatment table followed by the body processing tools. The most common bacteria detected belonged to the Acinetobacter, Pseumonas, Staphylococcus, and Bacillus genera. While the most common fungi detected belonged to the Cladospodium, Aspergillus, and Alternia genera.

노화에 따른 Rat 기관상피의 세포화학적 및 전자현미경적 연구

박원학,최정목,Park, Won-Hark,Choi, Jeung-Mok 한국현미경학회 1994 Applied microscopy Vol.24 No.1

The present studies were designed to determine the feasibility of using the rat tracheal epithelium as models for induction of aging. The ultrastructural and cytochemical changes of tracheal epithelium were investigated in rats at ages of five, twelve and twenty four months. Some major changes in the tracheal epithelium with advancing age were observed by electron microscopy. The results were summarized as fellow: 1. With the advance of age, lysosome, vacuole and multivesicular bodies were increased in number and numerous myelinoid bodies were observed in cytoplasm of ciliated cells. 2. In goblet cell, serous cell and brush cell lysosome and myelinoid bodies were increased in number with the advance of age, and an myelinoid bodies was often found within the secretory granule. 3. Cytochemical studies showed that acid phosphatase activities was observed in multivesicular bodies and lysosome, strong activities with the advance of age. And alkaline phosphatase activity are observed in microvilli, granule and lateral membrane of secretory granule cells, and strong activities with age. Consequently suggest that with the advance of age, tracheal epithelium show ultrastructural and cytochemical alteration of some kind of cell organelles in all kind of cell.

전자현미경 시료 제작에 있어 Ultrasonic bath의 유용성에 관한 연구

임병수,최정목,강대영,Lim, Byung-Soo,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Kang, Dae-Young 한국현미경학회 1998 Applied microscopy Vol.28 No.3

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ultrasonic bath in tissue preparation for transmission electron microscopy. The method used standard reagents and media, and employed ultrasonic bath agitation to accelerate fluid exchange. The liver kidney, stomach and cardiac muscle tissues of male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the experiment, and the experimental design was divided into 4 groups; The control group using rotators (Traditional method, 1,625 mins) and the three experimental groups using ultrasonic bath (UB) in the primary fixation through the infiltration processes (UB I; 62.5 mins, UB II; 125 mins, UB III; 250 mins). The results were as follows; 1. In the control group, tissues were easily sectioned, and showed well preserved intact membranes, and cell organelles such as mitochondria, lysosome, peroxisome, rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 2. In the UB treated group I, tissues showed holes due to the inadequate removal of both water and fluids used in the dehydration process. Also the mitochondria of cell organelles, especially, showed swollen intracristal spaces and dense matrices due to poor fixation. 3. In the UB treated group II, tissues showed good preservation of cell organelles and specimen slice sections. Also, no holes were observed. 4. In the UB treated group III, tissues showed leaching of structural components in the cytoplasm, but no holes were observed. In conclusion, the ultrasonic bath procedure takes approximately 120 minutes from specimen fixation to resin infiltration and gives excellent results.

Interleukin-1의 기관지 투여 후 나타나는 폐세척액 내 대식세포의 수적변화에 따른 Xanthine Oxidase의 활성변화

조현국,윤종국,최정목,박원학,이영만,Cho, Hyun-Gug,Yoon, Chong-Guk,Choi, Jeung-Mok,Park, Won-Hark,Lee, Young-Man 한국현미경학회 2001 Applied microscopy Vol.31 No.3

The pulmonary alveolar macrophage is thought to play an important role in the mediation of acute inflammatory lung injury by secretory products including degraded enzymes, cytokines, and reactive oxygen metabolites . This study was conceived to understand the role of alveolar macrophage in oxidative stress induced acute lung injury. To examine the alveolar macrophages and xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), time-dependent changes of numbers of alveolar macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils in alveolar cavity were counted in association with ultrastructural and cytochemical observations of lung tissue and alveolar cells. The number of monocytes was increased (p<0.001) at 1h after IL-1 treatment compared with that of sham. At 2h after instillation of IL-1, the number of alveolar macrophages was the highest, XO activity in BALF was elevated at 2h after IL-1 instillation and the activity was markedly elevated(p<0.05) at 3h after IL-1 treatment. On the basis of these experimental results, it is suggested that, during early phase of acute lung injury induced by IL-1, alveolar macrophage-derived XO contributes to lung injury earlier than the neutrophilic respiratory burst. 폐포강 대식세포는 사이토카인, 유해산소 대사물을 포함한 그들이 분비하는 물질들로 인해 급성 폐손상에 있어서 직접, 간접적으로 폐손상의 초기반응에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 $interleukin-1\alpha$(IL-1)로 유도된 급성 폐손상에서 폐포강 대식세포의 역할을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험군은 대조군과 IL-1투여 후 1시간, 2시간, 3시간, 4시간 그리고 5시간군으로 나누었으며, 폐포강 대식세포와 XO와의 관계를 분석하기 위해 폐세척액 내 XO의 활성도와 폐포강 대식세포, 단핵구, 그리고 호중구의 수적 변화를 측정하였다. 그리고 각 군의 미세구조 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험 결과, 폐포강 내 단핵구의 수는 IL-1투여 후 1시간군에서 대조군과 비교하여 현저히 증가되었으며 (p<0.001), 폐포강 대식세포의 수는 IL-1 투여 2시간 후에 가장 높았고, 폐세척액 내 XO의 활성도는 IL-1 투여 후 점차적으로 증가되다가 3시간 후에 현저히 증가되었다(p<0.05). 폐포강 내 호중구의 수는 IL-1투여 3시간 후부터 뚜렷이 증가되기 시작하였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 IL-1을 기관지 내로 투여한 후 유도된 급성 폐손상에서 폐포강 대식세포에서 유리된 XO는 호중구의 축적에 의한 손상보다 더 초기단계에서 폐손상을 유도하는 인자인 것으로 추정된다.

加味淸肝湯이 N-nitrosomorpholine으로 誘導된 前癌性 肝病變에 미치는 영향

김동희(Dong Hee Kim),최정목(Jeung Mok Choi),조동일(Dong il Jo) 한의병리학회 2002 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.16 No.4

전통음료 소재가 납투여한 흰쥐의 체내 무기질 함량 및 간과 신장조직의 형태학적 변화에 미치는 영향

조수열(Soo-Yeul Cho),김명주(Myung-Joo Kim),이미경(Mi-Kyung Lee),박은미(Eun-Mi Park),장주연(Joo-Yeun Jang),최정목(Jeung Mok Choi),김덕진(Duk-Jin Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.2

전통음료의 소재로 애용되는 녹차, 감잎, 홍화 및 두충의 열수추출물이 납투여된 흰쥐의 체내 무기질 함량 및 간과 신장조직의 형태학적 변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 체중 ㎏당 25 ㎎의 납을 매주 1회 경구투여하였다. 녹차잎, 감잎, 홍화씨 및 두충수피의 열수추출물은 매일 일정시간에 체중 ㎏당 1.26 g 수준이 되도록 4주간 경구투여하였다. 전통음료 소재의 열수추출물 급여시 납투여로 인한 혈청과 간조직의 납축적 억제와 혈청 중의 철과 구리 함량 증가에 효과적인 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 납투여시 혈청 중 포도당과 알부민 함량은 유의적으로 감소되었으며 크레아티닌과 빌리루빈 함량은 유의적으로 증가되었다. 반면, 실험식이 급여시 이들 혈청 중 성분함량의 회복을 보였다. 또한 간조직 및 신장조직의 형태학적 변화는 납단독투여군에서 괴사성 소견 및 염증세포의 출현이 관찰되었으나 전통음료 소재의 열수추출물 급여시 조직학적 변화를 완화시키는 것으로 나타났다. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Korean traditional tea materials on lead (Pb) accumulation and histological changes in Pb-administered rats. Male rats were divided into six groups: a normal, Pb, and Pb-water extract of Korean traditional tea materials (green tea: GT, persimmon leaf: PL, safflower seed: SS, Eucommia ulmoides: EU) groups. Pb (25 ㎎/㎏ BW) was orally administered once a day for 4 weeks. The extract of GT, PL, SS, and EU were administered based on 1.26 g of raw traditional tea materials/㎏ BW/day. Pb contents of serum and liver were significantly higher in the Pb group than in the normal group. However, the water extracts of GT, PL, SS, and EU administration lowered Pb contents of serum and liver in the Pb-administered rats, respectively. Serum Zn content was significantly higher in the Pb group than in the normal group, whereas, Cu and Fe contents were lower in the Pb group. Hepatic Ca content was significantly lower in the Pb group compared to the normal group. In the present study, water extract of Korean traditional tea materials administration effectively improved Cu and Fe contents of serum and liver. Infiltration of the local inflammation was found in Pb group, whereas water extracts of Korean traditional tea materials administration attenuated histological changes of tissues.

위 선암 조직에서p53단백 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

강대영,최정목 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1995 충남의대잡지 Vol.22 No.2

Authors studied the overexpression of p53 in 54 gastric cancer patients underwent operations at Chungnam National University hospital from Jan. 1994 to june 1995 by immunohistochemical staining. Overall overexpression rate was 53.7%. Subjects above 57years of age (72.4%) and intestinal type subjects (77.2%) using Lauren classification were correlated with p53 overexpression. Other clinicopathologic parameters including tumor invasion depth, size, sex, type and lymphnode metastasis were not related to p53 overexpression. However, the advanced gastric carcinoma group (60.5%) and lymphnode metastasis group (64.5%) showed higher incidence of p53 overexpression than early gastric carcinoma group (27.2%) and no lymphnode metastasis group (39.1%). We concluded that p53 mutation seem to play a role in oncogenesis only in the intestinal type of gastric carcinomas.

영지 버섯 투여가 Alcohol에 의한 급성 간 병변에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,최정목 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

In order to elucidate the effects of Ganorderma lucidum(GL) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by ethanol, thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats, four weeks old, were fed ethyl alcohol and GL powder for 7weeks. The ethyl alcohol was reduced 10% by dilution with distilled water, and the GL was first pulverized and then mixed with a chemically pure diet. The rats were divided into 5 groups : The control group, the alcohol only group, the alcohol + 1% CL group, the alcohol + 2% GL group, and the alcohol + 4% GL group. The animals were sacrified after 7 weeks. All the livers were graded for the degree of fatty change : 1~5+ using the perentage of liver cells containing fat, i.e., < 10% = 1+ , < 10~25% = 2+, 25~50% = 3+, 50~75% = 4+, and > 75% = 5+. All data are shown as means±SD. A comparison among the individual groups was performed using Anova test by repeated measure. The results are summarized as follows: Light microscopically, the fatty change appeared diffusely around the central veins of the hepatic lobules throughout the periportal areas in the alcohol-only reated group(score: 4.0±0.89), while fatty change in the alcohol + 1% GL treated group(score; 2.67±0.52) was shown around the central veins(P<0.05). However, in the alcohol + 2% GL(score; 3.83±1.83) and alcohol + 4% GL (score: 4. 33±0.82) treated groups, the degree of fatty change in the liver was similar to that of the alcohol-only treated group(score; 4.0±0.89). The above results suggest that the GL exerted some beneficial effect in reducing the degree of fatty change in the liver. Thus, the GL must be effective for reducing the ethanol induced fatty change in the liver. However, more detailed biochemical or molecular studies are needed in the future.