哺乳動物의 性染色質에 關한 硏究

朴元學,李昌彦,洪錫宰 中央醫學社 1964 中央醫學 Vol.7 No.3

By using biebrich scarlet - fast green method which was initiated by Hormez R. Guard, the author made an extensive study on sex chromatin of the smears obtained from the oral and vaginal mucosa of sexually healthy human beings, domestic mammals such as rabbits, cats, dogs, goats, pigs, and albino rats. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The percentage of positive appearance of sex chromatin in the epithelial cells of the oral mucosa of human beings ranged in females from 36 to 71%, in males from 0 to 19%, with an average being 54.2% in females, 6% in males, repectively. However, in dogs sex chromatin was identified in 25 to 47 % of female dogs (average 38%) whereas it was about 7 to 17% in male dogs (average 15%), In pigs the incidence of sex chromatin identification was 21 to 33% in females(average 30.7)% and in males 3 to 9% (average 6%), Consequently, it has been revealed that the incidence of sex chromatin varied considerably with sex. But in the case of such animals as cats, rabbits, and goats, it seemed rather very low in both sexes, and also it. was shown to be not affected by sex, although sexual difference was considerably noted in the case of human beings, dogs and pigs. Therefore, it follows that oral mucosa were found to be a favourable site for determination of genetic sex in human beings as well as dogs and pigs, but that they were not always proper for sex determination in other animals such as cats, rats, rabbits, and goats. 2. The percentage of positive appearance of sex chromatin in the epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa was 94.5% in human beings, 93.7% in cats, 87.2% in dogs, 84.4% in goats, 74.3% in pigs, 63% in rabbits, 60.3% in rats. Positive appearance of sex chromatin in the epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa showed a higher percentage than that of the oral mucosa. 3. So far as various forms of sex chromatin distribution in the oral mucosa are concerned, submarginal type was the most frequent, with marginal type and bipartite type and bipartite type following in order, the vaginal mucosa of human beings. and goats showed, for the most part, a high incidence of marginal type with submarginal and bipartite type being next in order of incidence. But in the case of dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, and pigs, submarginal type was the most frequent, next in order of frequence were marginal and bipartite type. 4. No marginal types could be demonstrated in the sex of male of both human beings and animals.

Picibanil이 鷄胎腹管發生이 미치는 組織學的 硏究

朴元學,金武剛 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1981 충남의대잡지 Vol.8 No.1

The morphologic study on the differentiation of the small intestine following the administration of Picibanil was undertaken to see some inhibitory effects of the drug as related to antitumor mechanism. The drug picibanil 0.15KE/egg was injected twice repeatedly into chorioallantoic sac of chick embryo on the eighth day and ninth day of development. The number of villus, height of villus, diameter of villus and thickness of submucosa and serosa on the surface of the cross section of the intestine were measured on the tenth, eleventh, twelfth, fourteenth and sixteenth day of development. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The chick embryos given two repeated injections of picibanil showed significant decrease in the height of the villi till the twelfth day of the development and returned to normal on the fourteenth day of the development. 2. In the thickness of the submucosa and muscle coat in the intestine of the Picibanil-treated chick embryos marked inhibitory effects were also seen on the tenth and eleventh day of the development and thereafter gradually disappeared. 3. The number and diameter of the villus and thickness of serosa showed no significant changes between control and drug-treated groups.

대구.경북지역의 취업 물리치료사 현황분석

박원학,박정미,Park, Won-Hak,Park, Chong-Mi 대한물리치료과학회 1994 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.1 No.2

The following analysis is conducted to the 108 employed physical therapist males 46, female 62 in Taegu and Kyung-Pook for the purpose of research on their present status from August in to September 17 in 1994. The percentage of the female polled is 57.4 % and the age of 21 to 30 is 79.7 %. The number of people who have worked over five years in general hospital is 8(7.4 %) and in local clinic 5(4.6 %). This report is researched in to the proportion of the males to females, age, career period, job classification, and salary range.

鷄胎發生에 미치는 Dactinomycin의 影響에 對한 硏究

朴元學 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1974 충남의대잡지 Vol.1 No.1

The auther intend to analyze the effects of Dactinomycin on the weight gain of body and various organ of chick embryos. On the 6th day of incubation, 1㎍ and 2㎍ of Dactinomycin were injected into the chorrioallantoic sac of each incubated egg of two groups. Between the 12th day and 18th day of incubation, a daily total of thirty injected eggs of each group was broken for weighing the body weight and five organs- brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney of chick embryos. The effects of dose and differences of growth times were analyzed by Analysis of Variance and Coordinate System in Euclidean Three-space, and the determination of the significance in the levels of difference was made by the Turkey's Method. The formula applied to analyzing the data in growth is: y=a+bt+ct², in this formule y:growth quantity of embryo or organs, t:specific date of incubation period, a, b, c:constants. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Dactinomycin suppressed growth of chick embryo and the growth inhibition appeared to be much stronger in the group of 2㎍ dosage than that of l㎍ dosage. 3. Growh rate was observed to be increased with incubatioon day in iung. liver, kidney of both dosages and brain of 1㎍ group and body weight, heart of 2㎍ injected group whereas body weight, heart of 1㎍ group and brain of 2㎍ group was decreased. 3. In the specific growth rate, the increase was in control group of lung and kidney of 2㎍ group, the others were decreased. 4. In the growth curve of associated three kind of organs, Dactinomycin injected group was showed with remarkable growth inhibition in order of dosages. 5. Curve pattern of each organ to vector size of associated two kind of organs: 1㎍ group showed ascending straight line most, descending straight line next, 2㎍ group showed ascending lower cenvex curve most, decending lower convex curve next control group has descending lower convex curve or ascending upper convex curve.

외적요인으로서의 Chlorambucil 투여가 흰쥐 심근 노화에 미치는 영향 II. 세포화학 및 생화학적 연구

박원학,정형재,Park, Won-Hark,Chung, Hyeung-Jae 한국현미경학회 1992 Applied microscopy Vol.22 No.1

The present study was investigated to elucidate the effects of chlorambucil the heart tissue of various-aged rats. The male rats ranging from 3 to 36 months were used. The cytochemical and biochemical changes in myocardium of the rats were studied in the aspect of free radical roles in aging process. With the goals of evaluating the potential roles of free radicals in aging process, evidence was shought for alterations of myocardial lipid peroxide levels in control and chlorambucil treated rats. The result are summarized as follows: 1. Cytochemical studies showed that the activities of $Mg^{++}$-ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase increased with age. However, these enzyme activities were decreased with treatment of chlorambucil, when compared with control group. Interestingly it was observed that chlorambucil treatment increased the activity of acid phosphatase from 6 months upto 18 months, and decreased after 18 months. 2. The lipid peroxide level in myocatdium was increased with age; chlorambucil-treated group was higher than that of control group. 3. Age-dependent increase in activities of monoamine oxidase, xanthine oxidase and catalase was observed. But the increase of catalase activity was higher than that of monoamine oxidase and xanthine oxidase activity in control group. However, in chlorambucil-treated group, age-dependent decrease of these enzyme activities was observed, and catalase activity was more significant particularly with regard to other enzymes. In consequently, the morphological alterationsof myocardium due to chlorambucil treatment was exclusively observed. We demonstrate that this alteration is occured by lipid peroxidation upon chlorambucil treatment.

鷄胎의 腸斷面的에 對한 發生學的 硏究

朴元學 韓國自然史博物學會 1983 生物과 自然 Vol.13 No.2

This study is to analyze the growth of the cross section areas of the chick embryo intestine in incubation period from the 10th day to 16th day. The whole cross section area and the tissue layers were respectivly measured with micrometer, and the mean, standared error and coefficient of variation were calculated, and then the growth factors were analyzed by applying growth formula y=a+bt+ct^2, the results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The error between the measured mean and theoretical mean calculated by growth formula was less than 0.22%. 2. The rate of the growth quantity was most increased in the intestinal lumen up to 16th day incubation. 3. In the growth quantity, the muscular layer was largest in the intestinal layers. 4. The growth rates were increased in all measured items except submucosa and intestinal wall. 5. The specific growth rates were most increased in the intestinal lumen area, on the other hand that of submucosa was most decreased. 6. The growth centers in the growth gradient were all on the 10th day of incubation except intestinal lumen which was on the 12th day of incubation.

Rat 태생기의 심장성장에 따른 형태측량적 연구

박원학,이용덕,정형재,최정목,Park, Won-Hark,Lee, Yong-Deok,Chung, Hyeung-Jae,Choi, Jeung-Mog 한국현미경학회 1989 Applied microscopy Vol.19 No.2

The ventricular myocardia of 14, 16, 18 and 20-day-old rat fetuses and newborns have been studies by light and electron microscopic morphometrics. The volume density of the myocyte and interstitial compartments as well as volume, surface and numerical density of nuclei were estimated by light microscopic morphometrics. Whereas, the volume density of myofibrils and glycogen granules as well as the volume, surface and numerical density of mitochondria were assessed by electron microscopic morphometrics. The volume density of myocyte compartment of the ventricular myocardia in developing fetuses decreased, but increased in newborn rats. On the other hand, the volume density of the interstitial compartment increased in growing fetuses and decreased in newborns. In all groups the volume, surface and numerical density of nuclei decreased gradually with elongation of myocytes. Conversely, the volume, surface and numerical density of mitochondria and volume density of myofibrils and glycogen granules in ventricular myocytes incresed. The increase in numerical density of mitochondria probably reflects an increase in metabolic activity. Sarcomere length also increased during development.

Adriamycin이 생쥐 심근 미세구조 및 Glutathione-Glutathione Peroxidase계에 미치는 영향

박원학,정형재,김쌍용,이용덕,최정목,Park, Won-Hark,Chung, Hyeung-Jae,Kim, Ssang-Yong,Lee, Yong-Deok,Choi, Jeung-Mog 한국현미경학회 1989 Applied microscopy Vol.19 No.2

The cardiotoxic effects of acute and chronic administration of adriamycin (ADR) were evaluated in A/J Swiss albino mice. In acute studies, male mice received intravenous ADR, 5mg or 15mg/kg per day for 3 or 1day and were sacrifice 12 hours later. Because the glutathione-glutathione peroxidase system is major pathway for free radical detoxication, glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity was measured. In acute studies, ADR-treated mice exhibited significantly decreased levels(p<0.05) of total glutathione and unchanged levels of oxidized glutathione and percentage of oxidized glutathione. The earliest myocardial fine structural alterations included swelling and degeneration of mitochondria and dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum at all dosage of acute models. In chronic studies, mice received 5mg/kg ADR once a week for up to 16 weeks. Levels of total and reduced glutathione were decreased significantly(p<0.01) and oxidized glutathione and percentage of oxidized glutathione were increased significantly (p<0.05). Chronic myocardial lesions included perinuclear vacuolization, seperation of myofibrils and the fasciae adherens of intercalated disc and hypercontraction band within myocyte. Glutathione peroxidase activity reduced significantly (p<0.01) in any group of acute and chronic ADR-treated animals. Test for lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde) was increased significantly(P<0.01). Thus, we conclude 1) ADR significantly lowers glutathione levels in heart tissue, and 2) cellular damage progress produced by alteration of this system in mouse models of ADR cardiotoxicity. These results suggest that the glutathione-glutathione peroxidase system may be involved in the modulation of ADR-induced cardiotoxicity.

노화에 따른 Rat 기관상피의 세포화학적 및 전자현미경적 연구

박원학,최정목,Park, Won-Hark,Choi, Jeung-Mok 한국현미경학회 1994 Applied microscopy Vol.24 No.1

The present studies were designed to determine the feasibility of using the rat tracheal epithelium as models for induction of aging. The ultrastructural and cytochemical changes of tracheal epithelium were investigated in rats at ages of five, twelve and twenty four months. Some major changes in the tracheal epithelium with advancing age were observed by electron microscopy. The results were summarized as fellow: 1. With the advance of age, lysosome, vacuole and multivesicular bodies were increased in number and numerous myelinoid bodies were observed in cytoplasm of ciliated cells. 2. In goblet cell, serous cell and brush cell lysosome and myelinoid bodies were increased in number with the advance of age, and an myelinoid bodies was often found within the secretory granule. 3. Cytochemical studies showed that acid phosphatase activities was observed in multivesicular bodies and lysosome, strong activities with the advance of age. And alkaline phosphatase activity are observed in microvilli, granule and lateral membrane of secretory granule cells, and strong activities with age. Consequently suggest that with the advance of age, tracheal epithelium show ultrastructural and cytochemical alteration of some kind of cell organelles in all kind of cell.

전기자극이 흰쥐의 탈신경된 가자미근에 미치는 영향

박원학,박래준,배성수,Park, Won-Hak,Park, Rae-Jun,Bae, Seong-Su 대한물리치료사협회 1990 대한물리치료사협회지 Vol.11 No.2