한국산 분비나무와 구상나무의 형질분석과 종간유연관계

장진성,전정일,현정오 ( Chin Sung Chang,Jeong Ill Jeon,Jung Oh Hyun ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.3

Ten total populations of Korean fir (Abies koreana Wilson) and Manshurian fir [A. nephrolepis (Traut.) Maxim.] were sampled from south Korea to investigate patterns of intraspecific variation in these species and to evaluate a recognition of the two species. Principal components analysis and cluster analysis were performed both on seed-cone data and on needle morphology data. The characters that contributed most to the separation between A. koreana and A. nephrolepis along three principal components axis were leaf width, length of seed, width of seed wing, length of seed wing, cone width, width of scale, and length of bract tip, but these characters were not diagnostic because of overlap in reality. Therefore, all these characters were not reliable in distinguishing these two taxa including bract position (exerted and recurved vs. exerted and straight). The individuals of A. koreana from Mt. Chi-ri appeared quite unique probably on account of its larger cone size and longer scale tip, while those from Mt. Hal-la of A. koreana were generally distinct from others in terms of their larger seed and seed wing and longer scale width. The Mt. Duk-yu specimens of A. korecana appeared somewhat smaller but more data were needed due to the small sampling size. Generally, the gradual clinal geographic trends made evident by the position of resin ducts in leaves of A. koreana can be detected. The southern populations, Mt. Hal-la (an insular population) were generally distinct from the northern populations (Mt. Chi-ri, Mt. Ga-ya and Mt. Duk-yu) in terms of their position of resin duct (medial, within mesophyll vs marginal, close to epidermis : 100% vs 75 or 50%). Although no sharp boundary separating these two species could be detected based on cone and needle morphology, the observed clinal pattern was distinct in northern populations of A. koreana and southern population of A. nephrnlepis. In a preceding study of the flavonoids variation of 20 species in eastern Asia, flavanone (5-deoxyflavanone) was found to be characteristic of A. faxoniana Rehder et Wilson, A. georgei Orr of China and A. koreana of Korea. A. faxoniana, which is assumed to be primitive species, has position of resin duct relative to both the medial and the marginal, while A. georgei and A. koreana rrre identified by marginal position of resin duct. With respect of foliar flavonoids c:emistry, A. koreana was distinct from A. nephrolepis : the southmost samples (Mt. Hal-la and Mt. Chiri) contained additional flavonoids derivatives (mainly flavanone) that were not found in the northmost samples of A. nephrolepis except a few individuals from Mts. Seo-rak and Tae-bak populations of Kwang-won province. The presence of A. koreana type flavonoids in two Chinese species suggested that position of resin duct may be a phyletic character. Abies koreana including two Chinese taxa, exhibited the most elaborate and specialized flavonoids profile within the Abies in eastern Asia. Contrary to our initial expectations, the apparent intermediates between A. nephrolepis and A. koreana in Duk-yu and Ga-ya mountains were found. The pattern of variation on position of resin duct and flavonoids chemistry in these populations of A. kareana suggested that genetic interchange or natural hybridization had occurred between these two species. The evidence needed to resolve the status of this taxon is still inconclusive in our opinion until intermediate individuals from Mts. Duk-yu and. Ga-ya show indication of hybridization between the two species.

물들메나무 ( Fraxinus chiisanensis ) 의 분류학적 재고

민웅기(Woong Ki Min),전정일(Jeong Ill Jeon),장진성(Chin Sung Chang) 한국산림과학회 2001 한국산림과학회지 Vol.90 No.3

This study was conducted to clarify the taxonomic implications of F. chiisanensis Nakai based on morphology and flavonoids of four taxa of Fraxinus [F. chiisanensis Nakai, F. mandshurica Rupr., F. chinensis Roxb. var. rhynchophylla (Hance) Hemsl. and F. sieboldiana Blume] in Korea with one species of China and Japan (F. platypoda Oliv.). Morphologically F. chiisanensis was clearly distinguished from other taxa due to the presence of panicle from leafless lateral bud of previous year, apetalous flower, persistent calyx, and brownish naked bud. A survey of the foliar flavonoids of five species showed two distinctive chemical types. Unique flavones with flavonols, C-glycosylflavone and flavanone were detected in F. chiisanensis (chiisanensis type), while only flavonols, C-glycosylflavone, and flavanone were present in other four taxa (chinensis type). This study showed that F. chiisanensis was not a hybrid between F. mandshurica and F. chinensis var. rhynchophylla, but an endemic taxon distributed in southwestern Korea. Morphologically F. chiisanensis should be included into subgen. Fraxinus, sect. Melioides according to Chang and Qiu`s classification. F. platypoda, a taxon of sect. Meliodies in China and Japan, was different from F. chiisanensis with respect of scaled bud, decurrent wing of samara and the lack of flavones (chinensis type). Since four American taxa of sect. Melioides contained flavones (chiisanensis type), they are more closely related with F. chiisanensis chemically.

한국 특산식물 버들개회나무의 형태적 특성 비교 분석

김다연(Da Yeon Kim),신희선(Hee Sun Shin),전정일(Jeong Ill Jeon),김완순(Wan Soon Kim) 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10

버들개회나무(Syringa fauriei H.Lév.)는 물푸레나무과(Oleaceae)의 수수꽃다리속(Syringa L.), 개회나무아속(subgenus Ligustrnia 에 속하는 우리나라 특산식물이다. 본 종은 금강산 및 강원도 일대에 강과 계곡을 따라 분포한다. 버들개회나무는 특히 꽃차례의 꽃 밀도가 높기 때문에 개화기간 동안 수관 전체가 흰색 꽃으로 덮여 꽃향기가 좋고 관상 가치가 높은 식물이다. 그러나 국외 학자들의 분류학적 이견이 제기됨에 따라 본 종은 독립된 종으로 인정받지 못하고 근연 분류군인 S. reticulata subsp. amurensis의 이명으로 처리되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 같은 아종으로 이명 처리되고 있는 버들개회나무(S. fauriei)와 개회나무(S. reticulata var. mandshurica)를 대상으로 외부형태학적 형질을 재검토하였다. 2020년 5~6월 개화기간 동안 자생지에서 야외관찰하거나, 수집한 건조표본과 액침표본을 관찰 및 측정하였다. 이들에 대한 영양기관과 생식기관에서 48개의 형태학적 형질을 조사한 결과, 기존의 연구에서 제시된 주요 식별형질인 잎의 형태와 엽병 길이, 개화기 등이 본 종을 구별하는 데 유용한 형질임을 재확인하으며 꽃차례의 단위길이당 꽃수, 꽃차례의 1차 화경 길이 등 꽃차례와 꽃을 중심으로 추가한 조사형질에서 본 종은 개회나무와 구별되었다. 본 연구 결과는 버들개회나무를 독립된 종으로 보는 견해를 지지한다.

사막화방지(沙漠化防止) 및 방사기술개발(防沙技術開發)에 관한 연구(硏究)(II) - 중국(中國)의 경관(景觀)-생태(生態) 방호림조성기술(防護林造成技術) 및 효과분석(效果分析) -

우보명,이경준,전기성,김경훈,최형태,이승현,이병권,김소연,이상호,전정일,Woo, Bo-Myeong,Lee, Kyung-Joon,Jeon, Gi-Seong,Kim, Kyung-Hoon,Choi, Hyung-Tae,Lee, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Byung-Kwon,Kim, So-Yeon,Lee, Sang-Ho,Jeon, Jeong-Ill 한국환경복원기술학회 2000 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.3 No.3

The shelterbelts are very important to conserve and protect the sandy land, vegetation coverage, farmland, livestock and human life in the desertified land. The shelterbelts are constructed by the several row-plantings of high-adaptable species in the desertified land. The shelterbelts have various kind of type, and there are shelterbelts for conservation of farmland in dry the region, the protective shelterbelts (windbreaks for blowing-sand, artificial sanddune fixation by revegetation, and construction of farmland shelterbelts to protect farmland and pasture from wind erosion, etc.) in the semi-dry steppe, shelterbelts around the villages and oasis for sanddune fixation, shelterbelts for protection of railroads, and so on. The shelterbelts consist of main she1terbelts and minor shelterbelts. The main shelterbelts were constructed by being perpendicular to main wind direction, and the minor shelterbelts were constructed by being perpendicular to the main shelterbelts. Generally, the width of shelterbelts is 8~20m, and the number of row-planting is 4~10. The grid sizes of shelterbelts networks are $400{\times}400m$, $300{\times}500m$, $100{\times}200m$, and so on, and there are ventilation type and closing type in the type of shelterbelt. The width, number of row-planting, grid size and type of shelterbelt are selected by the local characteristics. The effects of shelterbelts are mainly the climate improvement and mitigation, such as prevention of occurrence of strong wind, cold wind and blowing-sand. And, the other effects of shelterbelts are effect of reforestation, increase of agricultural productions, establishment of greenbelts and green forests, construction of landscape-eco shelterbelts, improvement of life environment of local villages, supply of fuel wood and agricultural wood, land amelioration, effect of revegetation and restoration of desertified land, and so on. The kinds of the tree species mainly used for the construction of shelterbelts have differences between regions, but main species are Populus euphratica, Populus simonii, Populus bolleana, Populus tomentosa, Salix flavida, Salix mongolica, Tamarix chinensis, Hedysarum scoparium, and so on.

지역 생태계의 문화서비스로서 생태교육의 가치 평가

이재영(Jae Young Lee),오충현(Choong Hyun Oh),김인호(In Ho Kim),전정일(Jeong Ill Jeon),오창길(Chang Gil Oh) 한국환경교육학회 2018 環境 敎育 Vol.31 No.4

지역이나 마을 단위의 환경교육이 활성화되기 위해서는 그 지역의 생태적 토대에 대한 체계적 이해와 가치에 대한 공감을 바탕으로 통합적인 접근이 이루어져야 한다. 본 연구는 이를 위해 환경(생태)교육과 생태계서비스를 결합하고자 하는 시도로서, 생태계문화서비스의 일부로서 생태교육의 가치나 효과를 측정하고 평가하기 위한 평가지표와 측정요소를 개발하고 측정방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 생태계 잠재성을 비오톱, 보호구역, 멸종위기 및 보호종으로 평가하였고, 문화적 매개력은 프로그램 운영 기관과 단체, 환경교육 행사 및 프로그램 수, 지도자 수로 구성하였으며, 생태교육 현행성을 프로그램 참가자 수, 프로그램 참가 시간, 프로그램 참가비로 구성하였다. 하나의 연속적 흐름으로 구성되는 세 가지 평가지표는 생태계문화서비스교육지표라는 틀속에서 통합되었다. 제안된 평가방법의 타당성과 실효성을 검증하고자 서천 지역에 시범적용한 결과, 2015년에 서천에서는 약 100만 명의 학생들과 시민들이 생태교육을 받았고, 그 경제적 가치는 최소 34억 원 이상으로 추정되었다. 시범적용 과정을 통해 서천 지역에서 생태교육을 활성화하고, 생태계의 교육서비스 잠재력을 현행화하기 위해서는 지도자의 활용과 생태적 자원 특성을 반영한 차별화된 프로그램의 개발이 시급하다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. In order for environmental education to be activated at the local or village level, an integrated approach should be made based on a systematic understanding of the ecological foundation of the area and confirming its values. By combining ecological education and ecosystem service, this study aims at developing a set of indicators for measuring and a framework for evaluating the value and effect of ecological education as a part of ecosystem cultural services. While considering the uniqueness of cultural services when compared to the other three ecosystem services, a new framework consisting of three steps of evaluation and three types of measuring elements was developed and proposed. As first step, the potential of ecosystem was evaluated with the degree of biotope, protected area, endangered species, and protected species. Cultural parameters, as second step, were composed of number of environmental education organization, environmental education programs, and environmental educators. Finally, actualization indicator of ecological education was made up with number of participants, program participation time, and the program participation fee. The proposed framework, Ecosystem Cultural Service Education Indicators, unify a bundle of measuring elements into the systematic procedural flow. In order to verify its feasibility and effectiveness, the proposed evaluation method was applied to the Seocheon area as a pilot. The results showed that about one million students and citizens received ecological education in Seocheon in 2015 and its economic value was estimated to be at least 3.4 billion Won. It was also found that training and hiring educators or interpreters familiar with regional ecological resource will be the primary way to maximize ecological education as ecosystem cultural service of the region.

附屬樹木園의 設立目的 改正 및 戰略計劃 竪立에 관한 考察 : 우리는 무엇을 해야하는가?

全正壹,金輝,玄正悟,張珍成 서울대학교 수목원 2000 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.20

서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 부속수목원은 1967년 10월 21일 설치된 후 여러 차례 그 위상이 변화되어 오늘에 이르고 있으며 그 설립 목적 또한 수목원 규정에 명시되어 수 차례 개정되었으나 내용면에서 큰 변화 없이 현재까지 유지되어 왔다. 기존의 설립 목적은 수목에 관한 연구, 교육, 증식, 보전이라고 요약할 수 있다. 그러나, 수목원이 설립된 지 30년을 넘는 동안 주변 여건과 시대 상황의 많은 변화가 있었으며 이에 따라 당초 수목원이 설립되던 시점에서 제정된 설립 목적을 시대 상황과 부속수목원이 처한 환경에 맞고 21세기를 지향하는 새로운 교육 여건에 맞춰 개정하고 이 설립목적을 효과적으로 수행하기 위한 전략계획을 새로이 수립하였다. 본 수목원의 개정된 설립목적은 '우리 나라 자생 식물 및 북반구 식물에 관련된 지식과 정보를 축적, 연구하고 학생 및 일반인들을 교육함과 동시에 이들 식물을 수집, 증식, 보전, 전시하고 국내외 관련 기관과의 교류, 협력을 추구한다.'로 확정하였으며 이를 달성하기 위한 전략계회긍ㄹ 수립하였다. Although we have had clear our purposes of The Arboretum since 1967, there have been shortfalls between our long term plans and our current aims. It is about the time that we need to prepare and agree a statement of the central purpose and mission of the garden more clearly. Our objectives of a garden were needed to cover all aspects of the scientific, conservation and education value of the living plant collections worldwide. Our mission and strategy plans were then reviewed extensively and therefore we make sure that it will be useful and relevant to our current work and reflect good practice in our gardens. After a great deal of thought and discussion among our staffs, we identified with and own the mission statement as follows. The Arboretum of Seoul National University mission is to acquire, grow, display, conserve and study documented collections of native plants and other botanic specimens from the temperate Northern hemisphere and to engage in collections of botanical information and knowledge and in education that will enable other international and national institutes as our networks to make use of the knowledge acquired.

京畿道 加平郡 明智山의 植物相

全正壹,金善姬,金輝,金泰旭 서울大學校 農業生命科學大學 附屬樹木園 1995 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.15

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Myongji in Kapyong-gun, Kyonggi-do. Field survey was carried six times from June 1994 to June 1995. The main results obtained from this study are summarized as follows: 1. Total number of vascular plants discovered in Mt. Myongji were 104 families, 326 genera and 795 taxa (including 668 species, 114 varieties, 12 forma and 1 subspecies) and 157 taxa (including 135 species, 19 varieties, 3 forma) were newly discovered through this study. 2. Rodgersia podophylla A. Gray, Hanabusaya asiatica Nakai and Lilium cernum Komarov are Specified Wild Plants by Ministry of Environment. 3. 30 species of Mt. Myongji were discovered as endemic species of Korea. 4. Because there are so many rare and endemic species in Mt. Myongji, it is necessary to specify Mt, Myongji as reservation area and to monitor this area in a long term.

香爐峰의 植物相

全正壹,張珍成,金輝 서울大學校 農業生命科學大學 附屬樹木園 1999 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.19

향로봉지역을 중심으로 한 식물상조사를 위하여 1998년 4월부터 9월까지 채집 조사하였다. 향로봉과 그 연봉인 칠절봉, 매봉산에서 채집된 식물은 64과 155속 241분류군이었다. 그러나 향로봉지역이 민간이 통제지역인 관계로 충분한 식물상을 반영할 수 없었다 향로봉과 고도 1000m이상의 그 연봉의 봉우리와 능선 그리고 작은 규모의 계곡에서 일부 아고산성 식물상을 보유하고 있는 것이 확인되었다 이 지역에서 분포가 확인된 특정식물은 5등급은 16분류군, 4등급은 41분류군, 3등급은 25분류군, 2등급은 5분류군 및 1등급은 1분류군으로 모두 88개 분류군이었다. 특히, 향로봉 경우 5등급인 분류군이 10종이 있었고 정밀생태종에 포함되는 일부 4등급종과 나머지 등급을 모두 합쳐 37개 분류군의 특정식물종이 관찰되었다. 특정식물의 종 수와 등급별 평가점수를 곱하여 합산한 산지별 평가점수는 소권역 전체의 총점은 660이고 향로봉이 288점으로 가장 높았고 칠절봉이 146점, 매봉산이 122점 순으로 나타났다. 일부 특정식물종에 대하여 ‘표준조사기록지'에 의한 조사결과 향로봉의 고도 1000m이상지역에 아고산성식생에 분포하는 중요한 특정식물이 집중적으로 생육하는 것으로 관찰되었고 이들 특정종에 대한 위협요인은 거의 없는 것으로 판단되었다. The mountain Hyang-ro studied by members of the Arboretum between April and September 1998 is located on the northern margin of south Korea, along the east side of DMZ. A forest area in Hyang-ro is a birch-oak forest in which the dominant trees of the arboreal layer are Quercus mongolica, Acer tschonoskiivar. rubripes, Betula ermanii, B. costata, B. schmidtii, Tilia amurensis and Pinus densiflora Because of the restriction of collections within this military zone, 241 taxa (64 familes and 155 genera) recorded here are only a part of representatives in this community. It is recognized fact that the tendency toward dominant by several subalpine taxa increases as a part of regional flora from above 1,000m altitude. The emphasis has been upon its woody constitutents with respect to community, but the endangered herbaceous taxa are rich in this area according to the classification of rare and endangered species proposed by the Ministry of Environment.

樹木園 所藏標本을 中心으로 한 國內 木本 植物의 分布地와 識別 (Ⅳ) : 진달래科

全正壹,張珍成,閔雄基 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 1998 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.18

진달래과에 속하는 7개 속중 남한에는 진달래속과 산앵도나무속 2속만이 분포한다. 진달래속(Rhododendron)에는 R. brachycarpum(만병초), R. micranthum(꼬리진달래), R. dauricum(산진달래), R. mucronulatum var. martimum(반들진달래),·R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum(진달래), R. mucronulatum var. ciliatum(털진달래), R. tschonoskii(흰참꽃), R. yedoense for. poukhanense(산철쭉), R. weyrichii(참꽃나무), R. schippenbachii(철쭉꽃) 등이 관찰되었다. 이중 Yamazaki이외의 학자들에 의해 제안된 종이하 분류군중 R. mucronulatum var. taquetii, R. yedoense var. hallaisanense, R. brachycarpum var. tigerstedtii (Nitzelius) Davidian, R. brachycarpum var. roseum Koidz 등 4변종은 각각 R. mucronulatum var. ciliatum, R. yedoense for. poukahense, R. brachycarpum 등의 변이로 이명처리가 타당한 듯 하다. 한편, R. parvifolium은 R. lapponicum의 변종인 R. lapponicum var. parvifolium (Adams) Yamazaki로 처리된다. 종전까지 독립된 속으로 인정된 Oxycoccus(애기월귤속)와 Hugeria(산매자나무속)속은 산앵도나무속(Vaccinium)으로 포함시키고 있다. 따라서, 남한에는 산앵도나무속(Vaccinium)에 속하는 종은 V. koreanum(산앵도나무), V. uliginosum(들쭉나무), V. oldhamii(정금나무), V. bracteatum(모새나무), V. japonicum(산매자나무) 등 5종이 분포한다. 본 연구에서는 형태적 형질을 재조사하여 검색표를 재작성하고 분포도를 제시하였다. To clarify the taxonomy of two genera (Vaccinium and Rhododendron) of Ericaceae, herbarium specimens collected from South Korea past forty years were examined on the basis of leaf, flower and fruit morphology. The qualitative and quantitative characters among Rhododendron taxa showed that ten taxa could be recognized. The current study rejected several varietal status R. mucronulatum var. taquetii, R. yedoense var. hallaisanense, R. brachycarpum var. tigerstedtii, R. brachycarpum var. roseum mainly proposed by Yamazaki. On the other hand, R. parvifolium justified varietal status, i.e., R. lapponicum var. parvifolium (Adams) Yamazaki, Also, a plausible suggestion was that the entities of genera Oxycocus and Hugeria must be united and recognized under the genus Vaccinium. Results from this current study of Rhododendron and Vaccinium in south Korea showed that R. brachycarpum, R. micranthum, R. dauricum, R. mucronulatum var. martimum, R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum, R. mucronulatum var. ciliatum, R. tschonoskii, R. yedoense for. poukhanense, R. weyrichii, R. schippenbachii, V. koreanum, V. uliginosum, V. oldhamii, V. bracteatum, and V. japonicum were recognized respectively. Finally using a key and a limited sample of the Arboretum herbarium (SNUA) specimens to all taxa, the distrbution maps were provided here.

우리나라 植物園 및 樹木園의 植物資源保全戰略

金用植,全正壹,田承勳 서울大學校 農業生命科學大學 附屬樹木園 1994 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.14

本 稿에서는 1989년에 World Wildlife Fund(W.W.F.)와 現在 Botanic Gardens Conservation International(B.G.C.I)로 擴大改編된 Botanic Gardens Conservation Secreteriat(B.G.C.S)에서 發表한 바 있는 植物園의 保全戰略(The Botanic Gardens Conservation Strategy)을 紹介하였다. 植物園 및 樹木園의 保全戰略은 우리 나라의 植物園 및 樹木園에 있어서 앞으로 關心을 두어야 할 特定植物의 保全에 대한 指針을 樹立하는데 좋은 參考資料가 되리라 判斷한다. 植物園 및 樹木園에서의 特定植物의 保全에 있어서 특히 念頭에 두어야 할 것은 우리 나라의 各 植物園 및 樹木園 間, 나아가서 關係當局과 원활한 協調關係가 樹立되어야 할 것이며, 이러한 關係는 周邊의 隣接國家 또는 植物保全에 관한 國際關係機構 等과의 協調도 必須的인 것으로 判斷된다. The Botanic Gardens Conservation Strategy which prepared, in 1989, by the World Wildlife Fund and Botanic Gardens Conservation Secreteriat, were introduced to promote conservation activities in Korean botanic gardens and arboreta. The Botanic Gardens Conservation Strategy will play a keystone for preparing the Conservation Strategies of the rare and endangered planes in Korean botanic gardens and arboreta in the future. Conservation of Korean rare and endangered plants species in botanic gardens and arboreta must be in cooperation at regional, national and international levels. Furthermore, these cooperations of Korean botanic gardens and arboreta should be promoted with her neighboring countries, such as China, Far East region of Russia and Japan, as well as North Korea and related international organizations for plant Conservation. In advance of such cooperations, the Korean botanic gardens and arboreta should prepare she cooperation systems between botanic gardens and arboreta in the nation