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이강아(Lee Kang-A),구자명(Kuh Ja-Myung) 한국인체미용예술학회 2003 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.4 No.2
The objectives of this study were to investigate the patterns of mascara usage, to understand relations between the shapes of eyelash and mascara types, and relations between the patterns of mascara usage and demographic variables. The subjects were 3979 women aged 17~61 years.<BR> 1. The patterns of mascara usage in Korean women are like these. Over 90% of Korean women use mascara in a bid to make their eye shape clear in most cases. They put the importance on mascara-effect, when they purchase it. Most of them use mascara 2~3 times a week, which they spend ₩10,000~20,000 on every 3~6 months. Many Korean women have ever used an imported mascara. The Korean women consider the importance of mascara usage in the eye make-up under 30~50%. In mascara types, long-lash mascara and volume-up mascara are popular. In the shape of its brush, bullet-shaped one. In the color of mascara, colorful one. A lot of women use a eyelash curler. A special eye make-up remover for mascara is used by about half of them. The reason why some women don"t use mascara is that it smudges around the eyeline. The top mascara brand, currently used in the subjects, is Lancome, and the ICS is the first one among the domestic brands. 2. There"re relations between the shapes of eyelash and mascara types. The long and thick-eyelashed women, or the long and thin-eyelashed ones show a decided preference for a volume-up effect mascara. The short and thick-eyelashed ones or the short and thin-eyelashed ones, for a long-lash effect mascara. 3. The behavior of mascara usage showed significant difference according to demographic variables. The price of mascara has something to do with educational level, job, age, income level, or marital status. Mascara usage frequency has relations with educational level, job, age, income level, or marital status. Color mascara relates to educational level, job, age, income level, or marital status. The use of imported mascara is linked to educational level, job, age, income level, or marital status.
하지 동맥경화증의 수술 전 진단에서 고식적 혈관조영술과 다중검출 나선식 컴퓨터 혈관조영술의 비교
이강율(Kang Yool Lee),김일명(Il Myung Kim),유병욱(Byung Ook You),윤진(Jin Yoon),박상수(Sang Su Park),신동규(Dong Gue Shin),강성구(Sung Gu Kang),황호경(Ho Kyung Hwang),이성아(Sung A Lee) 대한외과학회 2008 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.74 No.4
Purpose: We performed this study to assess the suitability of conventional angiography (CA) vs. multi-detector row helical CT angiogram (MD-CTA) as a method of preoperative diagnostic imaging for low extremity arterial surgery. Methods: From February 2004 to September 2006, 23 patients (4 claudicants, 19 limb-threatening ischemia) were studied with CA and MD-CTA preoperatively. The site and degree of stenotic or occlusive lesions in arterial segments from the renal artery to the dorsalis pedis artery were compared with both methods. We also compared the surgical inflow and outflow site changes in preoperative planning based on CA and MD-CTA and the final outcome. Additional diagnostic value and test-related complications were also analyzed. Results: The median age of patients was 68 years old (range: 43∼89 years), with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Twenty-three patients had CA after an MD-CTA scan. One hundred fifty lesions were detected in these patients. The total ratio of consistency for occlusion in CA vs. MD-CTA was 69.6%. Three patients received amputation treatment and eleven patients received a bypass operation. The agree ment between the preoperative plan based on MD-CTA and the final operation was 100%, even in critical limb ischemia. There were no serious complications related to the tests. Conclusion: These findings suggest that MD-CTA is an adequate preoperative imaging study of infrainguinal arterial surgery and may be substituted for conventional angiography without any serious complications.
초등학교 3학년의 미디어기기 이용과 집행기능 곤란과의 관계: 의사소통의 조절효과를 중심으로
정은화 ( Eun Hwa Jeong ),이현아 ( Hyun A Lee ),이지영 ( Ji Young Lee ),이강이 ( Kang Yi Lee ) 대한가정학회 2019 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.57 No.4
This study identifies correlations between the use of media devices, communication ability, and executive function difficulties for third grade students, as well as investigates the moderating effect of a child’s communication ability. Data from the 10th (2017) Panel Study on Korean Children [PSKC] was employed (N=557). Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and hierarchical regression were used along with SPSS 25.0(IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). The results were as follows. First, the executive function difficulties in the third-grade showed a significant positive correlation with media device use. While also, showing a negative correlation with a child’s communication ability. Media devices use and communication ability has a significant negative correlation. Second, a child’s communication ability has a moderating effect in relation to the use of media devices and executive function difficulties. The difficulty of executive function showed a reciprocal increase to a child’s use of media devices and indicated a discriminatory effect of a child’s communication ability. In conclusion, this study shows that communication ability is important as a personal factor for children who control the negative effects of media devices. Therefore, it is necessary to provide and support an environment for the development of a child’s communication ability.
동과자가 Glucose Oxidase로 손상된 혈관내피세포에 미치는 영향
서은아 ( Eun A Seo ),최승석 ( Natthew Seung Suk Choi ),이병찬 ( Byung Chan Lee ),이재규 ( Jai Kyoo Lee ),이강창 ( Kang Chang Lee ),정종길 ( Jong Gil Jeong ),신민교 ( Min Kyu Shin ),송호준 ( Ho Joon Song ) 대한본초학회 2003 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.18 No.2
N/A Objectives : It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress of oxygen radicals is involved in vascular disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of glucose oxidase (GO) and protective effect of herb extract on GO-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured vascular endotherial cell (VEC) of mouse. Methods : Cytotoxic effect of GO and protective effect of Benincasae Semen (BS) were performed by MTT assay, after cultured VEC were incubated in the media containing 1-30 mU/ml GO for 6 hours. Results : GO decreased cell viability in dose-and time-dependent mannner, and BS increased cell viability decreased by GO-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. Conclusion : From above the results, GO has cytotoxic effect, and herb extract, BS is very effective in blocking GO-induced cytotoxicity in cultured VEC.
과산화수소로 손상된 랫드(흰쥐) 배양 심근세포에 대한 천오두의 영향에 관한 연구
서은아 ( Eun A Seo ),이재규 ( Jai Kyoo Lee ),이종화 ( Joung Hwa Lee ),이병찬 ( Byung Chan Lee ),이강창 ( Kang Chang Lee ),서부일 ( Bu Il Seo ),송호준 ( Ho Joon Song ) 대한본초학회 2003 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.18 No.2
N/A Objectives : To examine the cytotoxicity and the effect of Aconiti Radix(AR) on oxygen free radicals in cultured myocardial cells of neonatal rat. Methods : Toxic effect was measured by MTT assay after myocardial cells were incubated for 4 hours in the media containing 10-40 PM concentrations of H202. In addition, the protective effect of AR was determined in these cultures. Results : Cell viability was positively decreased in a dose-dependent manner after exposure of 30 μM H₂O₂to cultured rat myocardial cells for 4 hours. In the protective effect, AR prevented the H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. Conclusion : From these results, it suggests that H₂O₂has cytotoxicity in cultured rat myocardial cells and AR blocked the cytotoxicity induced by H₂O₂.
간호대학생의 생활습관 및 월경태도와 월경전증후군 간의 관계
송주은 ( Song Ju Eun ),채현주 ( Chae Hyun Ju ),장우희 ( Jang Woo Hee ),박연희 ( Park Yeon Hui ),이강은 ( Lee Kang Eun ),이선희 ( Lee Sun Hee ),장한아 ( Jang Han A ),전지혜 ( Jeon Ji Hye ),정민선 ( Jung Min Sun ) 여성건강간호학회 2013 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between life style, menstrual attitude and premen-strual syndrome in nursing students. Methods: the study participants were 246 nursing students of a university in Gyeunggi province. Data werecollected by a self-administered questionnaire from may to june, 2012. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test. Results: Students who had undesirable alcohol habits (r=.15,p=.020) and negative menstrual attitude (r=.17, p=.009) experienced more a severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Students with dysmenorrheal had more severe PMS (F=12.41, p<.001) and a negative menstrual attitude (F=6.18 ,p<.001). Conclusion: These finding suggest that PMS would be alleviated by nursing interventions to improve alcohol habits and decrease negative menstrual attitudes, and nursing interventions for dysmenorrheal would be helpful in PMS management in nursing students. Further studies on the development of nursing interventions related to these factors are needed for PMS management.