열린 환경 객체 검출과 기술 동향

윤인영,최준원 한국통신학회 2024 정보와 통신 Vol.41 No.4

컴퓨터 비전 분야에서 객체 검출은 자율주행 자동차, 로봇, 의료 분야 등 다양한 실용적 적용을 위한 핵심적인 기술이다. 이러한 분야에서는 모델이 학습 단계에서 학습하지 못한 객체가 운용 단계에서 나타날 가능성이 높다. 특히 자율주행 문제의 경우 한번의 2종 오류(type 2 error)도 치명적인 결과를 가져온다. 하지만 기존의 객체 검출 모델은 시험 과정에서 새로운 객체가 등장하면 검출하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 따라서 검출 모델이 새로운 객체를 검출하는 성능을 평가하기 위해서 열린 환경 객체 검출(Open World Object Detection(OWOD))이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 OWOD의 정의와 기술 동향을 소개하며, 특히 Faster R-CNN과 DETR 기반의 접근 방식을 중점적으로 다룬다. OWOD 연구에 기여한 각각의 방법론을 소개하고, 관련 문헌에 대해서 요약하여 제시한다. 끝으로, OWOD 연구의 한계와 앞으로의 연구 방향에 대해 논의한다.

기면병

윤인영 약업신문사 1996 의약정보 Vol.1996 No.1

Absence of Residual Microcalcifications in Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia Diagnosed via Stereotactic Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy: Is Surgical Excision Obviated?

윤인영,김은경,김민정,문희정 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the underestimationrate of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) on vacuumassistedbreast biopsy (VABB), and to examine the correlationbetween residual microcalcifications and the underestimationrate of ADH. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on27 women (mean age, 49.2±9.2 years) who underwent additionalexcision for ADH via VABB for microcalcifications observedby using mammography. The mammographic findings,histopathologic diagnosis of all VABB and surgical specimens,and association of malignancy with residual microcalcificationswere evaluated. The underestimation rate of ADH was also calculated. Results: Of the 27 women with microcalcifications, ninewere upgraded to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS); thus, the underestimationrate was 33.3% (9/27). There was no difference inage (p=0.40) and extent of microcalcifications (p=0.10) whencomparing benign and malignant cases. Six of 17 patients(35.3%) with remaining calcifications after VABB were upgradedto DCIS, and three of 10 patients (30%) with no residual calcificationsafter VABB were upgraded (p=1.00). Conclusion: Theunderestimation rate of ADH on VABB was 33.3%. Furthermore,30% of patients with no remaining calcifications were upgradedto DCIS. Therefore, we conclude that all ADH cases diagnosedvia VABB should be excised

주관적 각성정도, 기분, 수행능력의 일중변화

윤인영,Yoon, In-Young 대한수면의학회 1998 수면·정신생리 Vol.5 No.1

Circadian rhythms in subjective alertness, mood, and performance can be classified as psychological rhythm, compared with physiological rhythm such as body temperature and hormonal change. While in normal condition entrained by 24hr zeitgeber, subjective alertness would reach its maximum value around midday, subjective alertness would parallel body temperature rhythm with its peak at evening in non-entrained, free-running state. With desynchronization technique, subjective alertness rhythm is thought to be controlled by both temperature and sleep-wake rhythm oscillator. Circadian performance rhythms depend on the kind of task tested. It shows parallelism with body temperature rhythm when subjects are tested with simple, repetitive task. But when tested with tasks requiring complex verbal reasoning or immediate memory, subjects would perform them best at early morning, with performance decreasing as time of day advances. The desynchronization technique shows that circadian performance rhythm of simple, repetitive task is dependent on temperature oscillator but circadian performance rhythm of complex verbal reasoning is influenced by both temperature and sleep-wake rhythm oscillator or another independent oscillator. It would be worthwhile to compare psychological rhythm with hormonal change such as cortisol and melatonin. And more simple and time-saving method than desynchronization technique may facilitate the study of the mechanism underlying psychological rhythm.

야간교대근무적응에 있어서 광노출의 효과

윤인영,권기범,강상범 용인정신의학연구소 1999 용인정신의학보 Vol.6 No.1

수면과다증을 반복적으로 보이는 24세 여자환자

윤인영,정도언,Yoon, In-Young,Jeong, Do-Un 대한수면의학회 1995 수면·정신생리 Vol.2 No.1

A 24-year-old woman complained of recurrent episodes of hypersomnia lasting on the average about 15 days with mild mood alternation such as depression and irritability. During interepisode interval, she was free of any symptoms. Depending on the absence of excessive eating and hypersexuality, she was clinically diagnosed as recurrent monosymptomatic hypersomnia or the incomplete form of Kleine-Levin syndrome. When nocturnal polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test were performed 10 days after her recovery from a hypersomnic episode, reduced slow wave sleep % and pathologic daytime sleepiness were still noted. The authors suggest that the clinical recovery in recurrent monosymptomatic hypersomnia precede electrophysiological normalization by several days.

Pulmonary Lipiodol Accumulation after Transarterial Chemoembolization: CT Findings and Its Radiologic Outcomes

윤인영,정세민,곽병국,심형진,서기영,서재승,김재균 대한영상의학회 2011 대한영상의학회지 Vol.65 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate CT findings and radiologic outcomes of pulmonary lipiodol accumulation (PLA) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 488 TACEs for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 160) and hepatic metastasis for non-hepatic malignancies (n = 7) in 167 patients. We reviewed the patient clinicoradiologic findings before and after TACE and calculated the incidence of PLA and PLA resolution time after initial CT and after TACE. Results: Lipiodol accumulation in the lungs was seen under CT after TACE in seven patients (M : F = 6 : 1, mean age 61 years). The incidence of PLA at CT was 4.1% (7/167 patients). In five patients, associated intrathoracic abnormalities including pleural effusion with (n = 3) or without consolidation (n = 2) were revealed at CT scans. The CT resolution time and PLA recovery time were 56 ± 54 days and 66 ± 52 days, respectively. Conclusion: The recovery time for lipiodol accumulation was 66 days. It is believed that the clinical and radiologic outcome of PLA without respiratory failure is promising, and conservative treatment will suffice when lipiodol accumulation in the lungs is seen in CT images after TACE.

Intracerebral Capillary Hemangioma: A Case Report

윤인영,김재균,변준수,박언섭 대한영상의학회 2012 대한영상의학회지 Vol.66 No.1

Intracerebral capillary hemangiomas are very rare benign vascular tumors that mostly occur during infancy. We described a 69-year-old man with generalized tonic-clonic seizures who was diagnosed with an intracranial mass. Multidetector computed to-mography, magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography studies were performed for evaluation of brain, and there was a well-enhancing mass found in the right temporal lobe without a definite feeding vessel. The patient underwent surgery and the pathologic examination demonstrated marked proliferation of small vessels with a lobular pattern in the brain parenchyma, which was confirmed to be capillary hemangioma.

교대근무자에서 각 교대근무간의 수면양상 및 자율신경계 활성도 비교

윤인영,하미나,박정선,송병근,Yoon, In-Young,Ha, Mi-Na,Park, Jung-Sun,Song, Byoung-Gun 대한수면의학회 2000 수면·정신생리 Vol.7 No.2

목 적 : 본 연구는, 교대근무자에 있어 세 교대근무간의 수면양상과 자율신경계활동성을 비교함으로써, 근무자들은 어떤 근무시에 가장 적합하다고 느끼는지 그리고 교대근무자의 심리적, 신체적 문제점의 특성은 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 또한 본 연구는 근무자들이 교대근무에 좀 더 효과적으로 적응하는데 도움을 주고자 기획되었다. 방 법 : 3일 정도 연속적으로 한 교대근무를 한 후 1일 휴무, 그 다음에 다른 교대로 넘어가는 빠른 순환주기의 교대근무자 51명이 연구에 참여하였다. 각 대상은 수면일기를 작성하였으며 수면잠복기, 수면기간시간, 수면 중 깨어난 횟수를 세 교대근무간에 비교하였다. Epworth 졸음척도와 시각아날로그척도를 사용하여 졸음을 평가하였으며 기분상태는 기분상태척도로 평가하였다. 심박수변동성과, 스트레스 호르몬(아드레날린, 노르아드레날린) 및 그 대사산물을 측정하여 자율신경계 활동성을 살펴보았다. 심박수변동성에는 저주파영역의 스펙트럼 파워, 고주파영역의 스펙트럼 파워, 저주파영역의 파워와 고주파영역의 파워간의 비가 포함되었다. 결 과 : 수면기간시간은 오후근무시 가장 길었고 수면잠복기는 밤근무시 가장 짧았다. 깨어났을 때의 각성도는 오전근무시 가장 저하되었고 작업 중의 각성도는 밤근무 중 가장 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 밤근무시 근무자들은 신체적인 피곤감과 인지기능의 저하를 호소하였다. 심박수변동성의 비교를 통해 오후근무시 부교감신경계가 가장 활성화된다는 것을 알 수 있었으며 아드레날린 및 노르아드레날린 분비도 통계적인 의미는 없었지만 오후근무시 가장 감소하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과 오후근무가 교대근무자에게 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 오전근무시에는 빛을 아침에 투여하고 밤근무시에는 근무 중에 빛을 투여하면 교대근무에의 적응이 촉진될 것으로 생각된다. Objectives: Through comparing sleep variables and autonomic activities among three shifts in shift workers, the authors intended to clarify which shift is most tolerable and to identify the characteristics of their psychological and physical problems. This study is also expected to help shift workers to adapt themselves to their work more effectively. Methods: Fifty one shift workers took part in this study. They were working in a rapidly rotating system in which they worked for 3 days in one shift with one day off between each shift. Based on a sleep diary, sleep latency (SL), sleep period time (SPT), and number of wake after sleep onset (NWASO) were estimated and compared among the three shifts. In assessing sleepiness, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used. To evaluate mood states among the three shifts, profile of mood states (POMS) was administered. Heart rate variability (HRV), and the level of adrenaline and noradrenaline were measured to assess autonomic activities. HRV included low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), and LF/HF. Results: SPT was significantly lengthened during the evening shift and SL was shortened during the night shift. The workers showed a drop in alertness at wake-up during morning shift and a drop in alertness at work during night shift. During night shift the subjects complained of physical fatigue and cognitive decline. Comparison of HRV showed that parasympathetic activity was most prominent during the evening shift. Secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline decreased during the evening shift, though statistically not significant. Conclusion: We found that the evening shift was most tolerable among the three shifts. It is recommended that morning light exposure be done during the morning shift and nocturnal light exposure during the night shift.

수면장애

윤인영 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.2