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      • KCI등재

        미국 연방행정부의 백신접종명령에 대한 연방대법원의 집행정지결정과 시사점 ― National Federation of Independent Business v. OSHA (2022) 결정 분석 ―

        수정,이인호 미국헌법학회 2022 美國憲法硏究 Vol.33 No.3

        In a situation where it is expected that it will be difficult to completely eradicate COVID-19 due to the emergence of repeated mutations, a vaccine pass was implemented to improve economic damage, learning deficits, polarization, COVID-19 blue, and fatigue of medical staff. The vaccine pass actually forces vaccination by penalizing non-vaccinated people, so the conflict was expressed as a legal dispute. Among the legal problems, the issue to be examined in this paper is whether the provisions of the Infectious Disease Prevention Act are valid as a legal basis for the vaccine passes. The U.S. Supreme Court also ruled that the OSHA's vaccination order is an exercise of serious economic and political power, so it should be clearly stated when the federal parliament authorizes administrative agencies. However, they disagreed on whether the Occupational Safety and Health Act was the legal basis for the vaccination order. Majority opinion said, “The Occupational Safety and Health Act stipulates that the Minister of Labor sets occupational safety and health standards to protect workers from ‘typically significant risks faced by workers in the workplace’, so vaccination orders, which are characterized by general public health measures, exceed legal authority.” The concurring opinion also drew the major questions doctrine from the principle of separation of powers, saying that the Congress has not clearly assigned power to make decisions of “vast economic and political significance” to OSHA. However, the dissenting opinion said that because COVID-19 is transmitted by person-to-person contact in an enclosed indoor space, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's vaccination order to protect workers from serious risks of COVID-19 is at the core of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's mission. Major overseas countries such as the European Union, France, and Germany also stipulate the vaccine pass by law, which increases the vaccination rate by giving preferential treatment to vaccinated people and causing inconvenience to non-vaccinated people. The Constitutional Court of Korea also said, “In areas that have basic and important meaning to the national community and its members, especially areas related to the realization of the Constitutional rights of the people, the legislator, the representative of the people, must decide on its own essential matters.” However, Article 49(1) 2-2 of the Infectious Disease Prevention Act stipulates only “preparing a list of visitors” and “wearing a mask” as the disease control guidelines for places with a risk of spreading infectious diseases, and does not stipulate a “vaccine pass” with greater intensity of restrictions on Constitutional rights of the people. This would be said to be contrary to the principle of parliamentary reservation. In accordance with the principle of parliamentary reservation, it is necessary to stipulate the ‘vaccine pass’ in the law. In addition, if the disease control guidelines are issued with uncertain predictions in urgent situations, it will be effective in relieving rights to obtain the possibility of changes to the guidelines through temporary relief measures. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the effectiveness of remedies for rights by improving temporary relief measures such as applications for suspension of execution so that they can be carried out quickly by the court or the Constitutional Court.

      • KCI등재

        Effect of Polypyrrole Coating on Li Powder Anode for Lithium-Sulfur Secondary Batteries

        수정,윤우영 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

        Polyppyrole (PPy)-coated Li powders were prepared via planetary milling techniques and used as an anode material for rechargeableLithium-Sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The PPy-coated Li powder anode was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmissionelectron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The PPy coating on the Li powder provided theprotection layer to inhibit the electrochemical reaction between the Li powder anode and dissolved lithium polysulfide anions in theelectrolyte, which minimized the overcharge and reduced the capacity fading. The charge-discharge process of the PPy-coated Lipowder anode cell showed a capacity of 878 mAh g-1 at 1st cycle and 500 mAh g-1 after 50th cycles.

      • KCI등재

        R 기반 센서 데이터 분석 라이브러리 설계및 구현

        수정,이민수 한국정보과학회 2016 데이타베이스 연구 Vol.32 No.1

        While the amount of sensor data has been rapidly increasing due to the advances in information technology, wireless internet and sensor technologies, it is becoming increasingly necessary to be able to support the collection and analysis of such sensor data. Especially the development and dissemination of device control boards such as Arduino or Rasberry Pi have enabled the easy installment of various sensors. However, it is too difficult for people with non-computer related backgrounds or beginners to use them to perform data collection. Furthermore, even though the data is collected, performing data analysis and visualization tasks could be difficult without expert knowledge and experience. To overcome these issues, our goal is to construct a library for collecting and analyzing sensor data. In order to simplify the data collection process we construct modules for each sensor, and make it possible to collect data by easily calling the sensor functions in the modules. For the data analysis and visualization process we defined function names as general words to construct a more understandable library, and we reduced the number of function arguments which are used in a function call to minimize the information needed to perform the data analysis and visualization. The sensor data collection part is developed using the C programming language, and the sensor data analysis part is developed using the R programming language. 정보 기술과 무선 인터넷 및 센서 기술의 발달과 더불어 센서 데이터의 생성이 급속하게 증가하고 있는 가운데 이들 센서 데이터의 수집과 분석을 효율적으로 지원하기 위한 필요성이 커지고 있다. 특히 아두이노와 라즈베리파이 같은 보드들의 보급으로 손쉽게 다양한 센서를 직접 설치할 수 있게 되었지만 보드를 이용한 데이터 수집에는 컴퓨터 관련 전공자가 아니거나 처음 접해보는 경우 사용하는 데 있어서 많은 어려움이 있다. 또 데이터를 수집하더라도 전문적인 지식이 부족하거나 경험이 없으면 데이터 분석 및 시각화를 하는데 어려움이 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 보완하는 센서 데이터 수집 및 분석을 위한 라이브러리구축을 목표로 한다. 데이터 수집 과정을 간소화하기 위해 각 센서 별로 모듈을 구축하였고, 간단하게 원하는센서 함수를 호출하면 데이터 수집이 가능하게 하였다. 또 데이터 분석 및 시각화 과정에서는 사용자가 직관적으로 이해할 수 있는 함수의 이름을 사용하여 함수를 정의하고, 함수에 들어가는 인자들을 간소화하여, 최소한의 정보로 데이터 분석 및 시각화를 가능하도록 설계하였다. 센서 데이터 수집은 C 언어를 기반으로 구축하였으며, 데이터 분석 및 시각화 과정을 R 프로그래밍 언어를 기반으로 구축하였다.

      • KCI등재

        기술 플랫폼을 통한 글로벌 혁신 네트워크 구축

        수정 한국국제경영관리학회 2023 국제경영리뷰 Vol.27 No.1

        In recent years, companies have been expanding their innovation networks by creating ecosystems based on platforms. However, most research on innovation in value chains has focused on the aggregation externality within or between innovation clusters, or the transfer and utilization of knowledge within multinational companies' value chain boundaries. This study aims to investigate how small and medium-sized technology-based companies can effectively establish a global innovation network using a technological platform. To achieve this, I conducted a case study of Rainbow Robotics, a well-known domestic humanoid robotics company. Due to the need for diverse technologies such as hardware, software, and artificial intelligence, external knowledge and resources are essential for building an innovation network in the humanoid robotics industry. Rainbow Robotics has established a humanoid robot platform and attracted external participants to facilitate innovation in humanoid robotics technology. The platform's short-term and indirect relationships allow for a flexible network that can promote complementary innovation. Rainbow Robotics has encouraged a wide range of external innovations through this platform, leading to the development of humanoid robot technology centered on their humanoid robot platform, Hubo. Based on these findings, this study contributes to existing research by combining the innovation platform perspective with value chain-oriented innovation network research. 최근 기업들은 플랫폼을 기반으로 한 혁신 생태계 구축을 통해 혁신 네트워크의 범위를 확장하고 있다. 하지만 가치사슬에서의 혁신에 관한 기존의 연구들은 혁신 클러스터 내 또는 클러스터 간의 연결을 통한 집적 외부성에 대해 강조하거나, 다국적기업의 가치사슬 경계 내에서의 지식 이전과 활용에 초점을 맞추어왔다. 본 연구는 기술 플랫폼 중에서도 혁신 플랫폼 개념을 통해 기술 기반 벤처기업이 글로벌 혁신 네트워크를 어떻게 효율적으로 구축할 수 있는지를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 국내 휴머노이드 로봇 기업으로 널리 알려진 레인보우로보틱스를 사례연구 대상으로 선정하였다. 휴머노이드 로봇은 하드웨어, 소프트웨어, 인공지능 (AI) 등 다양한 기술을 필요로 하기 때문에 혁신 네트워크의 구축을 통한 외부 지식 및 자원의 활용이 매우 중요하다. 레인보우로보틱스는 휴머노이드 로봇 기술의 혁신을 촉진시키기 위해 휴머노이드 로봇 플랫폼을 구축하고 외부 참여자들에게 플랫폼을 개방하였다. 플랫폼 참여자들과의 단기적이고 간접적인 관계는 매우 유연한 네트워크를 형성할 수 있게 하며, 보완적 혁신의 창조에 유용하였다. 레인보우로보틱스는 이러한 혁신 플랫폼을 통해 광범위한 외부 조직의 혁신을 이끌어내며 휴보를 중심으로 한 휴머노이드 로봇 기술 발전을 주도하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 기존의 가치사슬 중심의 혁신 네트워크 연구에 혁신 플랫폼의 관점을 결합하여 기존 연구를 확장하였다는데 의의를 가진다.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        여대생의 인터넷을 통한 화장품 구매행동 연구

        수정(Su-Jeong Oh),이수희(Su-Hee Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2012 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.13 No.2

        This study has analyzed the online cosmetics market which has emerged in a new multimedia era using 220 college women who have high interest in their appearance and the influential factors on their online shopping attitudes and behavior about cosmetics. When asked how much money they usually spend on cosmetics every month, they responded ‘KRW 50,000 or less,’ 56.4% of their monthly allowance (KRW 200,000-300,000). In other words, Korean college women tend to spend a great portion of their cash on online cosmetics shopping. In terms of cosmetics buying period through online shopping malls, 25% said ‘less than one (1) month’ while 45% responded ‘more than two (2) months.’ When asked what kind of cosmetics they like, shade cosmetics were the most preferred (42.7%). In purchase satisfaction of cosmetics through online shopping malls, ‘very satisfied (M=3.23)’ was the highest, followed by ‘pretty good (M=3.21)’ and ‘good choice (M=3.17).’ The average purchase satisfaction of online cosmetics shopping was 3.20. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the factors to choose online shopping malls (safety, convenience) and factors to select cosmetics (quality, practicality and brand) (p<.001). In terms of the effect of the factors to choose online shopping malls on the selection of cosmetics, safety and convenience were most critical.

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