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신성 고혈압 쥐에서 Pinacidil에 의한 혈관 이완반응에 있어 산소유리기의 역할
염철호 ( Cheol Ho Yeum ),최석 ( Seok Choi ),유임준 ( Im Joon Yoo ),위희욱 ( Hee Wook Whi ),전제열 ( Jae Yeoul Jun ),김현일 ( Hyun Il Kim ),신혜랑 ( Hye Rang Shin ),오현정 ( Hyun Jung Oh ),정종훈 ( Jong Hoon Chung ) 대한신장학회 2010 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.29 No.6
Purpose: Evidence has emerged that oxygen-derived free radicals may induce vascular relaxations via ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels and the level of free radicals is increased in animal models of hypertension. The present study was conducted to determine whether relaxations to an KATP channel opener, pinacidil, are increased in the aorta from two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats and whether free radial scavengers reduce these relaxations. Methods: 2K1C hypertension was induced by clipping the left renal artery and age-matched control rats received a sham treatment. Rings of aortae without endothelium were suspended for isometric force recording. Results: Relaxations to pinacidil (10-8 to 10-5 M), which are abolished by glibenclamide (10-5 M), were augmented in the aorta from 2K1C rats, compared to those from control rats. In the aorta from 2K1C rats, catalase (1,200 U/mL), but neither superoxide dismutase (150 U/mL) nor deferoxamine (10-4 M), reduced relaxations to pinacidil, whereas in the aorta from control rats, the free radical scavengers did not affect these relaxations. Conclusion: These results suggest that in 2K1C hypertension, vasorelaxation to an KATP channel opener is augmented and that hydrogen peroxide in smooth muscle cells may partly contribute to these relaxations.
전완(前腕)에서 등장성수축(等長性收縮)과 등력성(等力性) 수축(收縮)의 근전도적(筋電圖的) 분석(分析)
염철호(Yeum, Cheol-Ho),윤평진(Yoon, Pyung-Jin) 대한생리학회 1983 대한생리학회지 Vol.17 No.1
Electromyographic analysis was made in the forearm to clarify the prime mover of the wrist joint in flexion and extension. Loads of 5 and 10 pounds were given to the hand during isometric and isotonic contraction. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) M. flexor carpi ulnaris and m. extensor carpi radialis acted as the prime mover during flexion and extension, respectively, of the wrist joint. 2) The flexor and the extensor of the forearm showed synergistic activities under isotonic contraction, but under isometric contraction the flexor only acted. 3) Muscular activity during the isotonic contraction slightly increased compared with the isometric contraction. 4) EMGs and integrated EMGs were somewhat enhanced as the load increased, but there was no significant difference between 5 and 10 pounds load.
신성고혈압 흰쥐에서 5-HT에 의한 혈관수축에 있어 Tyrosine Kinase의 역할
염철호(Cheol Ho Yeum),전제열(Jae Yeoul Jun),윤평진(Pyung Jin Yoon),김재훈(Jai Hun Kim),김종승(Jong Seung Kim),이정희(Jeong Hoe Liee) 대한신장학회 2000 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.19 No.1
N/A Tyrosine kinases have been implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and contraction. The involvement of tyrosine kinases in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced contractile response of the isolated aorta was examined in two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats, 2141C hypertension was made by constricting the left renal artery and age-matched control rat received sham treatment. Thoracic aortic rings denuded of endotheliurn were mounted in tissue bath, for measurement of isometric contractile force. The putative tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, shifted concentration-response curves to 5-HT toward the right in control rats The isometric force generation induced by 5-HT was also inhibited by genistein in aortic rings from 2K1C: hypertensivc rats, however genistein did not affect on the high concentration of 5-HT in hypertensive rat ;. Genistein-induced relaxations were more attenuated in aortae from hypertensive rats than those from control Genistein had no effect on contrartcion elicited by the direct protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (PDBu) either in 2KlC hypertensive or in control Group. These findings indicate that genistein-sensitive tyrosine kinases paeticipate in 5-HT-induced contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle, of which role is apparent in 2K1C: hypertension.
윤평진,염철호,조징,Yoon, Pyung-Jin,Yeum, Cheol-Ho,Cho, Ching 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.1
We must encourage the use of the spirometer as part of routine examination of nearly all adult patients. Despite the theoretical problems of the water spirometer and its Poor frequency response, the water spirometer is adequate for the physiological function tests even in healthy people. The aim of this study was to report the pulmonary function studies of athletic swimmers. Subjects were 85 athletic swimmers from 9 to 25 years of age. They were elementary school boys and girls, middle school boys and girls, high school boys and girls, and college students. The results are as follows: 1) Frequency of breath: (cycle/min, $M{\pm}SD$) Elementary school boys show $19{\pm}4.7$, elementary school girls $22{\pm}7.9$, middle school boys $17{\pm}2.4$, middle school girls $18{\pm}8.2$, high school boys $15{\pm}3.4$, high school girls $15{\pm}9.7$, and college male students $12{\pm}3.2$. 2) Vital capacity: (1, $M{\pm}SD$) Elementary school boys show $2.60{\pm}0.480$, elementary school girls $2.22{\pm}0.412$, middle school boys $3.63{\pm}0.598$, middle school girls $2.80{\pm}0.303$, high school boys $4.70{\pm}0.487$, high school girls $3.23{\pm}0.509$, and college male students $4.30{\pm}0.608$. 3) Tidal volume: (ml, $M{\pm}SD$) Elementary school boys show $462{\pm}59$, elementary school girls $395{\pm}110$, middle school boys $524{\pm}78$, middle school girls $421{\pm}59$, high school boys $612{\pm}101$, high school girls $494{\pm}123$, and college male students $603{\pm}121$. 4) Breath holding time: (sec, $M{\pm}SD$) Elementary school boys show $58{\pm}21.2$, elementary school girls $36{\pm}11.1$, middle school boys $61{\pm}16.7$. middle school girls $53{\pm}21.0$, high school boys $64{\pm}9.1$, high school girls $49{\pm}15.3$, and college male students $81{\pm}23.0$.
신혈관성 고혈압쥐에서 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide가 혈관 기초장력에 미치는 영향
최석 ( Seok Choi ),김명룡 ( Myung Young Kim ),조남수 ( Nam Soo Cho ),선재명 ( Jae Myung Sun ),위희욱 ( Hee Wook Whi ),전제열 ( Jae Yeoul Jun ),윤평진 ( Pyung Jin Yoon ),정종훈 ( Jong Hoon Chung ),염철호 ( Cheol Ho Yeum ) 대한신장학회 2008 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.27 No.5
Purpose: Hypertension may be involved an alteration of intrinsic basal tone in vascular smooth muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on isolated non-contracted aorta from two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertensive rats. Methods: 2K1C hypertension was induced by clipping the left renal artery and were used 6 weeks later. Age-matched rats receiving a sham treatment, which served as controls. The thoracic aortae were mounted in tissue baths to measure the isometric tension. Results: ANP diminished basal tone in previously unstimulated thoracic aortic rings from 2K1C hypertensive rats, while it had no effect in the control rats. Endothelial destruction potentiated the vasorelaxant effect of ANP on basal tone in 2K1C rats. A similar potentiation of the ANP response was observed by pre-treatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or methylene blue in aortic rings with endothelium. Treatment with calcium-free Krebs decreased basal tone and abolished ANP-response. These effects were observed only in aortic rings from 2K1C rats. Similarly, staurosporine and calphostin C, inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), lowered basal tone and abolished ANP-response in hypertensive rats. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that ANP has a vasorelaxant effect on basal tone in 2K1C renovascular hypertension. Inhibition of ANP effects on basal tone by calcium-free Krebs and PKC antagonists suggests that altered Ca2+-active tone is involved in hypertension, that modifies the response of vascular smooth muscle to the ANP.
위 평활근에서 비교감성 비콜린성 이완반응과 Substance P에 의한 조절
허광식 ( Gwang Sik Heo ),장성종 ( Sung Jong Chang ),박찬국 ( Chan Guk Park ),김만우 ( Man Woo Kim ),장인엽 ( In Youb Jang ),김진호 ( Jin Ho Kim ),신무경 ( Moo Kyoung Shin ),염철호 ( Cheol Ho Yeum ),윤평진 ( Pyung Jin Yoon ),전제열 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.41 No.5
Background/Aims: In a gastric fundic strip, electrical field stimulation (EFS) evokes TTX-sensitive biphasic responses, consisting firstly of cholinergic contraction followed by a transient relaxation. It is well known that nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) inhibitory nerve mediates a transient relaxation. This study was performed to investigate the characterization of relaxation and its modulation by substance P. Methods: Using Guinea-pig gastric fundic smooth muscle tissues, we recorded mechanical contractions induced by EFS in the organ bath with platinum. Results: NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, reduced EFS-induced relaxation and these effects were reversed by L-arginine, a precursor of nitric oxide (NO). Sodium nitroprusside, a NO-donor, suppressed the fundic basal tension. Cell permeable 8-bromo-cGMP inhibited noradrenaline-induced contraction. The application of substance P increased basal tension and EFS-induced contraction and relaxation. NK-1 receptor antagonist ([D-Pro9-(spiro--lactam)9,10-Trp11]-Substance P) inhibited substance P-induced effects. TEA and apamin, K+ channel blockers, increased basal tension and EFS-induced relaxation. Conclusions: These results indicate that NANC inhibitory responses are mainly mediated by NO in the guinea-pig fundus and the release of NO is modulated by substance P through NK-1 receptor and by prejunctional K+ channels. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2003;41:358-365)