茯笭(Poria cocos) 栽培地條件 및 土壤의 物理化學性이 菌絲生長과 菌核形成에 미치는影響

손한길,채정기,김현석 한국버섯학회 2006 버섯 Vol.10 No.1

茯笭(Poria cocos) 栽培地 條件 및 土壤의 物理化學性이 菌絲生長과 菌核形成에 미치는 影響

손한길,채정기,김현석 한국버섯학회 2006 한국버섯학회지 Vol.4 No.2

균사생장 및 균핵형성 정도는 복령 재배지 조건에 따라 큰 차이가 있었으며, 각 재배지별 토양수분(soilmoisture), 토성 (soiltexture-siltsandclay), 토양 유기물(soilorganic-matter)함량과 pH를 조사한 결과 많은 차이가 나타났다. 토성별 균 사생장 및 균핵형성은 미사함량 30~40%수준에서 좋았고 50%이상에서는 급격히 떨어졌으며,모래함량은 30~50%토양 에서,점토함량은 13~16%토양에서 우수하여 토성별 균사생장과 균핵형성 정도를 종합적으로 충족할 수 있는 가능지역은 임야 개간지 토양이 최적지로 인정되었다. 토양 유기물과의 관계는 유기물함량이 임야 개간지에서 0.37~1.88%,휴양 미숙 지 0.99~4.14%,작물 재배지 1.58~3.86%로 조사되었으며,토양 유기물 함량이 낮을수록 균사생장이 양호하였고 균핵 형 성도 좋은 것으로 확인 분석되었다. 각 재배지별로 토양수분은 임야 개간지에서는 8.5~11.2%, 휴양미숙지는 9.7~27.3%, 작물재배지는 16.0~26.8%로 조사되었다. 토양수분에 따른 복령 균사생장은 토양수분이 10%정도에서 가장 좋았고,15% 이상에서는 균사 활착이 떨어지고 유해 미생물에 따른 부패와 토양통기 불량으로 균사 사멸흔적이 인정되었으며, 균핵결 령(菌核結笭) 상태는 상대적으로 균사 활착과 동일한 경향을 나타냈다. pH와의 관계는 조사지점 모두 pH4.1~5.1사이로 측정되어 이 범위의 산도와 복령균사생장 및 균핵 형성과는 특별한 차이점을 찾을 수가 없었고 복령균사는 약산성에서 활 착이 우수한 것으로 인정되었다. 이상의 복령 재배지 조건 및 토양의 물리 화학성이 균사생장과 균핵형성에 미치는 영향 을 조사한 결과 재배조건으로는 임야 개간지 에서 가장 좋았으며, 그에 따른 토양수분 토성 토양 유기물 등이 복령 인공재 배에 직접적인 연관성이 있는 것으로 확인됨에 따라, 복령 대량생산을 위한 재배적 측면에서 적지선정은 반드시 선결되어 야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

PEG-인터페론 알파-2a 제제 DA-3021의 안전성 및 약동력학적 특성 연구

손한길,임아영,이동환,장성복,정재용,이윤정,박경수 대한임상약리학회 2010 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.18 No.2

Background: Interferons (IFNs) are proteins made and released by lymphocytes in response to the presence of pathogens and used in the treatment of hepatitis B or C virus. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a pegylated interferon alpha-2a formulation. Methods: This study was a randomized, open-label, 2-period, crossover design. Each group had 17subjects who took 180 μg of PEGASYS®as a reference formulation and DA-3021 as a test formulation with a washout period of 21 days. Blood samples were obtained over 336 hours after the dose in each treatment period. Blood concentrations of interferon were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The primary pharmacokinetic parameters were Cmax and AUClast. The pharmacodynamics were assessed by 2’,5’-OAS (oligoadenylate synthetase) using a radioimmunoassay (RIA). The primary pharmacodynamic parameters were Emax and AUElast. Results: Thirty four healthy male volunteers participated in the study and completed both treatment periods. The 90% confidence intervals for the geometric mean ratios of the pharmacodynamic parameters (test : reference drug) were 0.95-1.09 for AUElast and 0.92-1.05 for Emax, lying within the bioequivalence range of 0.8-1.25, while the pharmacokinetics parameters were not included within the equivalence range. Most common adverse events were flu-like symptoms, with no serious adverse event reported. Conclusion: The results assessed by the bioequivalence criterion indicated that the pharmacodynamics of DA-3021 was equivalent to that of PEGASYS®.

Assessment of statistical power for covariate effects in data from phase I clinical trials

김유경,손한길,손미정,이동환,허영아,박경수 대한임상약리학회 2015 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.23 No.1

One of the important purposes in population pharmacokinetic studies is to investigate the relationships between parameters and covariates to describe parameter variability. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the model’s ability to correctly detect the parameter-covariate relationship that can be observed in phase I clinical trials. Data were simulated from a two-compartment model with zero-order absorption and first-order elimination, which was built from valsartan’s concentration data collected from a previously conducted study. With creatinine clearance (CLCR) being used as a covariate to be tested, 3 different significance levels of 0.001<P≤0.01, 0.0001<P≤0.001, P<0.0001 were chosen and 100 simulated datasets were generated using bootstrap resampling for each significance level. Then, the model with covariate (= simulation model) and the model without covariate were alternatively fit to each simulated dataset to compute ΔOFV. The power of correctly estimating CL-CLCR significance was computed as the percentage of simulated datasets using the following 3 decision criteria: ΔOFV larger than 3.84 (P<0.05), 6.64 (P<0.01), and 10.8 (P<0.001). When the significance level was 0.001<P<0.01, the power becomes 81.6%, 60.2% and 34.7% for 3 decision criteria, respectively, yielding the expected model rejection ratio of higher than about 20% when the covariate that might be present in data was marginally significant. Although this work was carried out based on the data obtained from one particular clinical trial, we hope that this work can provide an insight into covariate selectivity associated with healthy volunteer data

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of fluticasone, salmeterol and tiotropium after concurrent inhalation

선우정,이수진,이승환,이상원,정진아,손한길,장인진 대한임상약리학회 2017 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.25 No.2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive, obstructive lung diseasecharacterized by long-term poor airflow. The symptoms of COPD may be relieved and its progressiondelayed by fluticasone (FTS), salmeterol (SM), and tiotropium (TTP). The aim of this study is to investigatepharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of inhaled FTS, SM, and TTP after co-administration. An open-label, single-arm, three-period, simple ascending dose study was conducted in 10 healthymale subjects. A single dose of FTS/SM (250/50 μg) and TTP (18 μg) were concomitantly inhaled inperiod 1, and the dose of each drug was escalated to two- and three-fold in periods 2 and 3, respectively,with a 2-week washout between periods. Activated charcoal was co-administered before andafter inhalation to block gastrointestinal absorption. Blood samples for PK analysis were collected upto 24 hours. PK parameters were obtained by non-compartmental analysis. FTS, SM, and TTP rapidlyreached maximum plasma concentration after inhalation (0.08–3.00 h, 0.03–0.10 h and 0.03–0.10 h,respectively) and were eliminated with mean half-lives of 9.29–10.44 h, 6.09–12.39 h and 0.25–47.42 h,respectively. PK assessment of the lowest dose of TTP was limited due to relatively low systemic exposurecompared to the lower limit of quantification. In conclusion, PK characteristics of FTS, SM, andTTP by pulmonary absorption were evaluated after concurrent inhalation. FTS and SM showed doseproportionalPK profiles between 250–750 μg and 50–150 μg, respectively, while TTP presented doseproportionalityin the early phase exposure between 18-54 μg.

아위버섯균의 생리적 특성

김대식,채정기,위계문,윤대령,오득실,장경수,손한길 한국버섯학회 2004 한국버섯학회지 Vol.2 No.2

This study was executed to decide the physiological characteristics of Ferule mushroom. Four strains of Ferule mushroom were tested to select a superior strain in its mycelial growth. The pertinent substrates, temperature and pH ranges for the growth of selected strain were determined. And then, the wood rotting ability and type of the Ferule mushroom were determined. The superior strain F-2 among four strains was selected, on the basis of its vegetative mycelial growth and density on agar media. Mycelial growth of F-2 was the best on MYPA among other tested synthetic or semi-synthetic media. The temperature range for pertinent mycelial growth was about 25∼34℃ and best at 30℃. The optimum pH range on MYPA was 5.0∼6.0. The mycelial growth was mostly stimulated by soluble starch at cont. 1% (w/w) and secondly, maltose among several carabon sources and by mixed solution of YE(0.25%) and ME(0.25%) but not by ME alone. Cell thining and erosion of Pinus rigida wood by the mycelia of Ferule mushroom were found only on a few cell but largely at wood block test, indicating that the softwood rotting ability of Ferule mushroom mycelia was not so good. The result of polarized light microscopy appeared that cellulose of some tracheides showing the S3 layer lost brifringence was degraded by Ferule mushroom. But only part of cellulose of P. rigida wood was degraded by Ferule mushroom, because most of wood cells continued to showing briefingence. A largely degraded ray parenchyma and longitudinal parenchyma cell and partly thinning and erosion of hardwood(Quercus serrata) cell was found and it indicates that the rotting ability of Ferule mushroom mycelia on hardwood was higher than on softwood. It could be concluded that the difference in the wood rot by Ferule mushroom between the hardwood and softwood was made by the difference of chemical constitutions between them, especially in the contents and the types of lignin. Ferule mushroom was considered as white rotter as a result of bavendam test, although more research should be required.