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Control of neuronal migration through rostral migration stream in mice
선웅,김현,Younghye Moon 대한해부학회 2011 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.43 No.4
During the nervous system development, immature neuroblasts have a strong potential to migrate toward their destination. In the adult brain, new neurons are continuously generated in the neurogenic niche located near the ventricle, and the newly generated cells actively migrate toward their destination, olfactory bulb, via highly specialized migratory route called rostral migratory stream (RMS). Neuroblasts in the RMS form chains by their homophilic interactions, and the neuroblasts in chains continually migrate through the tunnels formed by meshwork of astrocytes, glial tube. This review focuses on the development and structure of RMS and the regulation of neuroblast migration in the RMS. Better understanding of RMS migration may be crucial for improving functional replacement therapy by supplying endogenous neuronal cells to the injury sites more efficiently.
김주연,선웅,Mohammed R. Shaker,이주현,이보람,김현 한국통합생물학회 2017 Animal cells and systems Vol.21 No.3
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) are regionally specified and have distinct molecular gene expression signatures. Recently, we identified the subcallosal zone (SCZ) as a novel brain region where adult NSCs maintain and spontaneously produce neuroblasts. In an attempt to isolate genes specifically expressed in the SCZ or SVZ, microarray analyses of their differentially expressing transcripts were done. The comparison between neurospheres generated from SVZ and SCZ revealed differential expression >1.5-fold in two groups in only 83 genes, representing <0.03% of the genes examined, suggesting that these two populations are largely similar. The differential expression patterns SCZ and SVZ genes were confirmed by RTPCR and Western blots. The selective expressions of two genes (CRBP1, HMGA1) in SVZ-NSCs were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These molecular markers could be useful for further molecular and cellular characterization of NSCs.
Adult Neurogenesis in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
김현정,선웅 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2012 International Neurourology Journal Vol.16 No.2
Neurogenesis occurs during embryonic development and continues throughout adulthood. Although spontaneous adult neurogenesis is restricted to selective germinal regions, including the subventricular zone and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, neural stem cells (NSCs) are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Besides their ability to integrate into existing neural networks during physiological conditions, NSCs also proliferate and differentiate in response to injury, thus promising the potential use of endogenous NSCs for the treatment of neuropathological conditions. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the understanding of adult neurogenesis in the brain and peripheral nervous system.
김운령,선웅 한국발생생물학회 2013 발생과 생식 Vol.17 No.3
Neural stem cells are found in adult mammalian brain regions including the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ). In addition to these two regions, other neurogenic regions are often reported in many species. Recently, the subcallosal zone (SCZ) has been identified as a novel neurogenic region where new neuroblasts are spontaneously generated and then, by Bax-dependent apoptosis, eliminated. However, the development of SCZ in the postnatal brain is not yet fully explored. The present study investigated the precise location and amount of neuroblasts in the developing brain. To estimate the importance of programmed cell death (PCD) for SCZ histogenesis, SCZ development in the Bax-knockout (KO) mouse was examined. Interestingly, an accumulation of extra neurons with synaptic fibers in the SCZ of Bax-KO mice was observed. Indeed, Bax-KO mice exhibited enhanced startle response to loud acoustic stimuli and reduced anxiety level. Considering the prevention of PCD in the SCZ leads to sensory-motor gating dysfunction in the Bax-KO mice, active elimination of SCZ neuroblasts may promote optimal brain function.
미토콘드리아의 구조적 역동성의 신경계 발생 과정 기능 고찰
조봉기,선웅 한국발생생물학회 2009 발생과 생식 Vol.13 No.1
최근에 이루어진 세포생물학적, 유전학적 연구들을 통하여 미토콘드리아의 구조 변화가 매우 역동적이며, dynamin- related protein(DRP)와 같은 다양한 단백질에 의해 조절 된다는 것이 알려지게 되었다. 미토콘드리아가 ATP 합성을 통한 세포내 신진대사에 관여하며, 소포체와 상호작용을 통하여 칼슘이온농도의 항상성 유지, 그리고 세포 사멸에서 중요한 역할을 한다는 사실을 고려해 볼 때, 미토콘드리아 구조 역동성 조절은 정상적인 세포의 성장과 항상성 유지와 매우 밀접한 관계에 있다. 이러한 점에서, 미토콘드리아의 구조 역동성 변화가 신경세포의 발달에 큰 영향을 줄 것으로 생각된다. 이 논문에서는 미토콘드리아의 구조 역동성을 조절하는 단백질들을 소개하고, 신경세포의 발달과정에서 미토콘드리아의 구조 역동성 조절의 중요성에 대하여 전망하고자한다.
안형민,선웅 한국통합생물학회 2023 Animal cells and systems Vol.27 No.1
Neurulation is an important shape-transforming event during embryonic development where a flatneural plate is converted into a neural tube. Failure in this morphogenetic process accounts for oneof the most common birth defects. Mechanical biology has provided key insights into neural tubeformation and curvature among many physical properties that are eliciting attention. However, thelack of a proper model to study the effect of curvature has limited the potential to reveal its role inneurulation. In this study, we introduce a novel cell culture method called plate-curving cell culturewhere a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) plate of desired physical properties is curved in either aconcave or convex form while the human pluripotent stem cell culture induced to have earlyneural plate identity is placed on top of its surface. With this method, we observed theelongation of cell colony morphology, as well as the perpendicular alignment of the celldivision axis in the concave surface; the oriented cell division does not seem to explain thecolony elongation. Transcriptome comparison in search of alternate possibilities suggestedselectively altered pathways in the concave surface culture. Our new method is widely available,easy-to-use and culture-friendly, facilitating future mechanobiological studies of neurulation.
조효민,선웅 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Mitochondrial dysfunction critically impairs cellular health and often causes or affects the progression of several diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Thus, cells must have several ways to monitor the condition of mitochondrial quality and maintain mitochondrial health. Accumulating evidence suggests that the molecular machinery responding to spontaneous changes in mitochondrial morphology is associated with the routine mitochondrial quality control system. In this short review, we discuss recent progress made in linking mitochondrial structural dynamics and the quality control system.
Control of Mitochondrial Dynamics by Fas-induced Caspase-8 Activation in Hippocampal Neurons
조효민,선웅 한국뇌신경과학회 2015 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.24 No.3
Cells undergo apoptosis mainly via two pathways—the mitochondrial pathway and the cytosolic pathway. It has been well documented that activation of the mitochondrial pathway promotes mitochondrial fragmentation and inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation partly represses cell death. However, the mitochondrial events following activation of the cytosolic pathway are less understood. In this study, we treated Fas-activating antibody and found mitochondrial fragmentation without cell death in hippocampal primary neurons and HT-22 cell lines. Fas antibody treatment, in fact, promoted rapid activation of caspase-8, while executioner caspase-3 activation was not observed. Furthermore, blockage of caspase-8 efficiently prevented Fas antibody-induced mitochondrial fragmentation. These results suggest that the cytosolic pathway induced by death receptor activation promotes caspase-8-dependent mitochondrial fission.