이슈진단 : 항만 운영인력 양성의 필요성과 방향

변상경 한국해사문제연구소 1997 (月刊)海洋韓國 Vol.281 No.-

韓國海峽 西水道에서 對馬暖流의 2個 支流

변상경,장선덕,Byun, Sang-Kyung,Chang, Sun-Duck 한국해양학회 1984 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.19 No.2

On the basis of oceanographic observation conducted in summer 1982, the flow pattern of the Tsushima Warm Current definitely showed two branches with high surface velocity more than 70 cm/sec in the western channel of Korea Strait. One of the branches, the East Korea Warm Current, found about 8 km off Pusan flows northward along the east coast of Korea and the other branch, located at about 20km off Pusan flows east after passing the Korea Strait. The branching of two flows already occurred before the Tsushima Warm Current reaches the Pusan Tsushima section, and the volume transport and the widths of the two branches are not much different from each other. The number of branches may be controlled by the width of western channel and the flow of two branches may also be related to the variation of layer depth and the widening ratio of widths between the western channel and the Japan Sea (East Sea).

Sea Surface Cold Water near the Southeastern Coast of Korea: Wind Effect

변상경,Byun, Sang-Kyung The Korean Society of Oceanography 1989 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Cold water observed at sea surface near the southeastern coast of Korea in summers 1982 and 1983 was studied by using data of hydrography, sea level, wind and satellite image. In summer season when water column shows 3-layered structure a "full" upwelling occurs by southwesterly transient wind continuing for several days. During upwelling event, surface water of high temperature moved offshore, middle water of low temperature outcropped to the sea surface, and sea level was lowered, however, equilibrium depth of surface layer was not changed. It may be concluded that cold water at the surface originates from middle layer and strong surface front is a result of surfacing of seasonal thermocline. In order to see the relationship between position of surface front and wind input, a model of Csanady (1982) was applied in a rigid lid approximation. The results show that frontal position can be determined by wind input and water structure near the southeastern coast of Korea. Cold water in summer can appear at the sea surface only when there is wind larger than a minimum wind impulse of order $10m^2/sec$.

권두언

변상경 한국해사문제연구소 1996 (月刊)海洋韓國 Vol.279 No.-

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HDAC11 Inhibits Myoblast Differentiation through Repression of MyoD-Dependent Transcription

변상경,안태현,손민정,이다솜,강현섭,이은우,한백수,김원곤,배광희,오경진,이상철 한국분자세포생물학회 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.9

Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type II diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions. Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mecha-nisms that regulate key cellular processes. In this study, to elucidate the relationship between myogenic differentiation and protein lysine acetylation/methylation, we performed a PCR array of enzymes related to protein lysine acetylation/methylation during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Our results indicated that the expression pattern of HDAC11 was substantially increased during myoblast differentiation. Fur-thermore, ectopic expression of HDAC11 completely inhibited myoblast differentiation, concomitant with reduced expression of key myogenic transcription factors. However, the catalytically inactive mutant of HDAC11 (H142/143A) did not impede myoblast differentiation. In addition, wild-type HDAC11, but not the inactive HDAC11 mutant, suppressed MyoD-induced promoter activities of MEF2C and MYOG (Myogenin), and reduced histone acetylation near the E-boxes, the MyoD binding site, of the MEF2C and MYOG promoters. Collectively, our results indicate that HDAC11 would suppress myoblast differentiation via regulation of MyoD-dependent transcription. These findings suggest that HDAC11 is a novel critical target for controlling myoblast differentiation.

Two Branches of Tsushima Warn Current in the Western Channel of the Korea Strait

변상경 부산수산대학 해양과학연구소 1984 연구논문집-부산수산대학교 해양과학공동연구소 Vol.16 No.-

韓國 東海岸에서의 夏季南向流

이흥재,변상경 한국해양학회 1985 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

韓國 東海岸에서 夏季 沿岸流를 調査하기 위해 注文津 沿岸海域에서 海水의 物理特性 및 海流를 觀測하였다. 物理特性結果는 0∼100m 층에서 等溫線 等鹽分線, 等密度線이 沿岸으로 갈수록 下降하고 沿岸에서 外海로의 鹽分, 密度의 水平기가 比較的 强하게 存在하고 있음을 보였다. 最大 流速이 70cm/sec에 달하는 海岸線에 平行한 强한 南向流가 發見되었으며 觀測流의 流速과 shear가 地衡流와 大體로 一致하였다. To examine the summertime coastal current along the cast coast of Korea, we carried out hydrographic and current measurements in the coastal area of Chumunjin during July-August, 1982. Hydrographic results showed that isotherms, isohalines and isopycnals had a downward slope toward the coast in a layer of 0∼100m and that there existed relatively large horizontal gradients across shelf of salinity and density, mainly due to heavy precipitation in summer. It was found that there existed a strong southward flow along the coast reaching its maximal speed of about 70cm/sec in the nearshore area and that shear and speed of the observed current were coincident with orders of geostrophic current.

동해중층수의 일반적인 분포

신창웅,변상경,김철수,이재학,김봉채,황상철,승영호,신홍렬 한국해양과학기술원 2007 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.29 No.1

To obtain the overall distribution patterns and characteristics of the East Sea Intermediate Water(ESIW), the historical data obtained by the Japan Maizuru Marine Observatory (MMO) and the Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI) were analyzed. To obtain water characteristics of the ESIW on isopycnal surfaces, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were interpolated at every 0.01 interval of potential density. And then the interpolated values were averaged at the same potential density. This potential density average method preserved the salinity minimum layer more clearly compared to the depth average method. The potential density (σθ) range of the ESIW was 26.9~27.3. The representative potential density of the ESIW was found to be 27.2, because the characteristics of the ESIW was clear at this density. From the horizontal distributions of physical properties on the isopycnal surface of 27.2σθ it is suggested that the low salinity ESIW circulates anticlockwise over the whole basin with the high salinity intermediate water. The low salinity intermediate water extended from the northwestern part to the east along the sub-polar front and to the Ulleung Basin along the east coast of Korea.

동해남서해역 와류의 물리적구조

이흥재,변상경 한국해양학회 1995 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.30 No.3

Eddies and surface current field in the southwestern part of the East Sea were investigated using satellite-tracked drifters, CTD, and ADCP from November 1992 to September 1993. Trajectories of surface drifters provided information for the first time on the meandering motion of the East Korean Warm Current in the Ullung Basin (referred as UB) and clearly indicated the existence of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies of various scales. Anticyclonic eddies persisting for a relatively long period were observed in UB and the southwestern corner of the Northern (Japan) Basin (SNB), while a cyclonic eddy was found in the coastal area between Sokcho and Donghae during the summer. Analysis shows that the eddy in UB behaved as a stationary eddy at least during the observation period and the cyclonic eddy was closely related to the existence of a cold water mass. The anticyclonic eddy in SNB was larger than that in UB, but much elongated in shape. The eddy in UB is characteristic of major and minor axes of about 120 and 70 km, revolution period of 13.6 days, mean swirl velocity of about 24 cm/s, and mean eddy kinetic energy of 392 cm$\^$2//s$\^$2/. The eddy in SNB is described as follows; major and minor axes of 168 and 86 km, period of 14.9 days, mean swirl velocity of 29 cm/s and mean eddy kinetic energy of 629 cm$\^$2//s$\^$2/. The mean translational speed is about 3 cm/s for both eddies. The agreement of the surface current pattern in UB observed by ADCP with the geostrophic flow pattern may suggest that the eddy in UB was nearly in geostrophic balance. The eddy was found to be strongly bottom-controlled.

1992년 울릉도 북서부해역에서 관측된 난수성 소용돌이의 구조특성

신홍렬,변상경 한국해양학회 1995 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

1992년 3월부터 6월까지 속초앞 해역에서 동일한 난수성 소용돌이가 계속 관측되 었다. 이 난수성 소용돌이는 1991년에 형성되어 속초앞 해역에서 월동을 한 후 1992년 4~6월에는 약간 북상하였다. 3월에 관측되었을 때 소용돌이의 크기는 직경이 약 160km, 수심 약 330 m 였고, 상층 내부에 약 1$0^{\circ}C$, 34.2 psu의 균질층(혼합층)이 최대 폭 약 130 km , 수심 약 230 m 로 존재하고 있었으나 6월에는 약간 축소되었다. 낭수 성 소용돌이 표층의 최대유속은 약 65cm/s였으며, 수심 200 m에서도 약 20cm/s 이상의 큰 유속을 갖고 있었다. 이러한 유속구조는 대체로 지형류 평형을 잘 유지하고 있었으 나, 6월에는 약간의 차이가 나타났다. 또한 동한난류의 표층유속은 50~70 cm/s로 나 타나 소용돌이의 북향류와 비슷했으며, 동한난류는 주로 수심 200m 이내의 상층에서만 존재했다.