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HR-ToF-AMS를 활용한 전북지역 상공의 영농 부산물 소각 사례 관측과 영농 부산물 소각 사례가 대기질에 미치는 영향 연구
반지희,박태현,최시영,Gracie Wong,서범근,강석원,박진수,안준영,최진수,김현재,김세웅,김종호,김용표,이태형 한국대기환경학회 2021 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
우리나라 전북지역은 호남평야를 중심으로 농업 활동이 활발한 지역이다. 전북 농경지에서는 매년 5월에서 6월 보리 수확 후 영농 부산물의 수거 체계 미흡 및 병충해 방지 등의 이유로 보릿대 불법 소각이 빈번하게 발생한다. 이러한 영농 부산물 불법 소각은 비단 호남평야뿐만 아니라 다른 농촌지역에서도 농산물 수확 이후에 빈번하게 일어난다. 영농 부산물의 불법 소각으로 발생하는 대기오염물질은 인근 지역 대기질에 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 2021년 5~7월 동안 Beechcraft 1900D 항공기를 이용하여 수행된 미세먼지 항공관측 연구 중 호남평야 지역에서 발생한 영농 부산물 소각 사례를 관측하였다. 항공기 내부에는 미세먼지 관측을 위해 HR-ToF-AMS, SP2, UHSAS를 탑재하였고, 가스상 물질을 관측을 위해 PTR-ToF-MS, CIMS, 가스 모니터(NO₂, CO, CO₂, CH₄, O₃, NH₃)를 탑재하였다. 항공관측을 통해 측정된 자료를 바탕으로 영농 부산물 소각 사례 시 PM1.0 화학적 조성과 가스상 전구물질의 농도 및 특성을 분석한 결과를 발표할 예정이다.
대기 중 에어로졸의 준 실시간 수용성 화학 성분 분석을 위한 에어로졸 포집기 (Particle Condensation System Sampler) 개발
반지희,박태현,강석원,강성현,강범주,이태형 한국대기환경학회 2019 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.35 No.6
To provide better insight into aerosol sources, atmospheric transport, chemical reactions, and many approaches have been developed recently to allow aerosol chemical composition measurements on much faster timescales. In this study, a new Particle Condensation System (PCS) sampler coupled to two ion chromatography developed for high time resolution measurement of PM2.5. The approach for a new PCS sampler combines three proven aerosol technologies, such as particle growth in a saturator, particle condensation in a condenser, and droplet collection by a single jet inertial impactor. The collected sample was analyzed with an Ion Chromatograph (IC) to quantitatively measure the ionic compounds of PM2.5 for high time resolution. A modified saturator and condenser are employed to activate the particle growing. The impactor is used to collect the droplets into an impaction plate that is continuously washed out with the liquid stream containing an internal standard (10 μN LiBr) to determine dilution by condensed water. The collected samples were measured every 30 min depending on IC resolution time. Limit of detections (LOD) of PCS sampler for major ionic compounds (NO3 -, SO4 2- and NH4 +) in PM2.5 were 0.07 μg/m3, 0.02 μg/m3 and 0.01 μg/m3 respectively. Analytical precision of PCS sampler was 0.35% (NO3 -), 0.43% (SO4 2-) and 0.3% (NH4 +). Inter-comparison of the PCS sampler with Particle Into Liquid Sampler (PILS) was that the nitrate concentration of PCS sampler was 6% higher than PILS, indicating that nitrate dissociation would be minimum due to the lower temperature (~50°C) at the saturator of PCS sampler comparing the temperature of ~150°C at the saturator of PILS.
도로변 미세먼지 환경구현을 위한 소규모 챔버 기초 연구
박태현,반지희,이태형,이종원,이상혁,박희문 한국도로학회 2020 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.22 No.5
PURPOSES : A pilot experimental study on the formation of fine particulate matter through photochemical reactions using precursor gas species (volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NH3, SO2, and NOx) was conducted to evaluate the large-scale environment chamber for investigating the pathway of aerosol formation and the subsequent assessment techniques used for reducing fine particulate matter. Two small-scale environment chambers (one experimental group and one control group), each with a width, depth, and height of 3 m, 2 m, and 2.3 m, respectively, were constructed using ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) films. METHODS : The initial conditions of the fine particles and precursor gases (NOx and VOCs) for the small-scale environment chamber were set up by injecting diesel vehicle exhaust. NH3 and H2O2 were added to the small-scale environment chamber for the photochemical reaction to form organic and inorganic aerosols. The gas phase of the VOCs and the chemical compositions of aerosols were investigated using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer and the aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer at 1 and 10 s time resolutions, respectively. Gas phases of NO and NO2 were measured using Serinus 40 NOx at a 20 s time resolution. RESULTS : The small-scale environment chambers built using ETFE films were proved to supply sufficient natural sunlight for the photochemical reaction in the environment chambers at an average of approximately 89% natural sunlight transmission at 300–1000 nm. When the intermediates of NH3 and H2O2 for the atmospheric chemical reaction were injected for the initial condition of the small-scale environment chamber, nitrate and ammonium in the experimental group increased to 4747% and 1837%, respectively, compared to the initial concentrations (5.4 μg/m3 of nitrate and 5.2 μg/m3 of ammonium), indicating the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). This implies that it is necessary to inject intermediates (NH3 and H2O2) for the formation of fine particulate matter when simulating the atmospheric photochemical reaction for assessing the environment chamber. CONCLUSIONS : This study has shown that small-scale environment chambers can simulate the atmospheric photochemical reaction for the reduction of fine particulate matter and the formation of the aerosol pathway. The results of this study can be applied to prevent time and economic losses that may be incurred in a full-scale environment chamber.