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      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        A Case of an Anomalous Hypertrophied Muscle Band in the Left Ventricle

        이상혁,류현민,이주환,이현상,박선희,배명환,양동헌 한국심초음파학회 2012 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.20 No.2

        A hypertrophied muscle band (HMB) in the left ventricle (LV), which can be misinterpreted as apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,is a rare echocardiographic finding in a patient with normal LV wall thickness. Not only are symptoms produced, but changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) are limited to the repolarization phase and show no progression even in a large HMB. Hence, we report a case of a 25-year-old woman who visited a local medical clinic due to epigastric discomfort in January 2007. The 24-hour Holter ECG showed multiple premature ventricular complexes. An HMB (3.23 × 10.8 cm) was observed on twodimensional echocardiography that ran toward the interventricular septum (IVS) across the LV and divided the LV into apical and basal cavities at the apical one-third of the LV. Although LV wall thickness showed normal range, flow acceleration was observed between the HMB and IVS and revealed dagger-shaped with a high pressure gradient up to 30 mmHg in continuous wave Doppler examination. Circumferential band-like myocardial hypertrophy was observed at the LV apex on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Myocardial thinning and prominent trabeculae were present from the proximal to distal HMB. However,contractility was normal at the myocardial thinning site, regional wall motion abnormality was not observed in cine images. Focal fatty accumulation was evident at the base of the HMB. Coronary angiography revealed no significant stenosis, whereas left ventriculography showed septation at the apical one-third of the LV. The patient was discharged without any medication.

      • KCI등재

        보툴리눔 독소의 약리

        이상혁,이현섭,진성민,Lee, Sang Hyuk,Lee, Hyun Sub,Jin, Sung Min 대한후두음성언어의학회 2012 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.23 No.2

        Botulinum toxins are the most potent toxins known to mankind. Botulinum toxin acts by blocking the cholinergic neuromuscular or the cholinergic autonomic innervation of exocrine glands and smooth muscles. Seven distinct antigenic botulinum toxins (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) produced by different strains of Clostridium botulinum have been described and only A and B type of botulinum toxins were clinically used. Toxins were consisted of a heavy chain with a molecular weight of 100 kD and a light chain with a molecular weight of 50 kD. Toxins are bound with an astounding selectivity to glycoprotein structures located on the cholinergic nerve terminal. Subsequently light chain of toxin is internalized and cleaves different proteins of the acetylcholine transport protein cascade transporting the acetylcholine vesicle from the intracellular space into the synaptic cleft. After a decade of therapeutic application of the toxin, no anaphylaxis or deaths have been reported and systemic adverse effects have not been reported so far. However the toxin's immunologic properties can lead to the stimulation of antibody production, potentially rendering further treatments ineffective. Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective treatment. Use of botulinum toxin in clinical medicine has grown exponentially in recent years, and many parts of the human body are now being targeted for therapeutic purposes.

      • 도로변 미세먼지 저감시설 성능평가 기법 및 분석

        이상혁,박희문 한국도로학회 2024 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2024 No.10

        도로에서 발생하는 대기오염의 주요 원인은 자동차 등의 연료연소로 인해 발생하는 미세먼지(PM), 질소산화물(NOX), 황산화물(SOX), 암모니아(NH3), 오존(O3) 등이며, 특히 미세먼지와 질소산화물은 도로를 이용하는 운전자와 보행자의 건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 버스정류장에 설치되는 미세먼지 저감시설의 미세먼지 저감효과를 분석하기 위하여 미세먼지 저 감능력을 실증할 수 있는 실대형 미세먼지 실증인프라와 실규모의 버스정류장을 이용하였다. 미세먼지 실증인프라에서 미세먼지 저감 시설이 설치되는 실험군(2곳)과 미설치되는 대조군(1곳)을 대상으로 미세먼지(PM10) 발생농도를 측정하였으며, 미세먼지 저감시설의 미 세먼지 저감효과를 분석하기 위하여 미세먼지(PM10)의 발생확률과 확률밀도함수를 산정할 수 있는 통계학적 방법인 Anderson-Darling 테스트(AD 테스트)를 이용하여 분석하였다. 미세먼지 저감시설의 미세먼지 저감효과는 대기질지수(AQI)의 기준을 준용하여 실험군ㆍ 대조군의 미세먼지 농도발생확률을 비교하여 정량적ㆍ정성적으로 분석하였다. 미세먼지(PM10) 농도발생확률 산정결과, AQI ‘보통’의 경우, 실험군 측정지점 1, 2와 대조군의 농도발생확률은 각각 77.24%, 63.26%, 0.00%로 대조군에 비해 실험군의 측정지점 1, 2에서 높 게 나타났으며, AQI ‘나쁨’의 경우, 실험군 측정지점 1, 2와 대조군의 농도발생확률은 각각 21.70%, 35.09%, 100.00%로 나타나 실험군 내의 미세먼지(PM10) 발생농도가 대조군과 비교해 개선되는 것으로 분석되었으며, 대조군 내부의 미세먼지 농도의 변화는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 일반적으로 미세먼지를 측정하는 방식인 중량법과 베타선법을 통한 미세먼지 저감효과 분석방법은 시간당 평균으로 측정한 미세먼지 농도만 비교 가능하므로 정성적인 효과분석이 미비해 본 연구를 통해 소개한 통계학적 방법이 정량적 분석 뿐만 아 니라 정성적 분석에도 효과적일 것으로 기대하고 있다.

      • KCI등재후보

        Relationships between Lymph Node Metastasis and Expression of CD31, D2-40, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors A and C in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

        이상혁,이성진,진성민,이노희,김동훈,채승완,손진희,김원석 대한이비인후과학회 2012 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.5 No.3

        Objectives. To investigate the relationships between lymph node metastasis (LNM) and expression of CD31, D2-40 and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)-A and -C in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods. Paraffin-embedded thyroid tissues of 72 patients were evaluated, which included 25 patients with thyroid nodular hyperplasia (TNH), 24 PTC patients without LNM, and 23 PTC patients with LNM. Three pathologists, who were blinded to the patient’s clinical information, assessed the immunohistochemical staining results. The amount of expression was scored as high (>25% of cells stained) or low (0-25%). Results. A higher level of VEGF-A expression was observed in the PTC groups regardless of LNM when compared to the group with TNH (91.3%, 79.2%, 4.0%, respectively). VEGF-C expression in the PTC with LNM group was significantly higher than the other two groups (P<0.05). No difference in microvessel density (MVD) scores was observed using CD31 among the three groups. The lymphatic vessel density (LVD) score using D2-40 was significantly higher in patients having PTC with LNM than the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion. VEGF-C and D2-40 were more highly expressed in patients having PTC with LNM than in patients having PTC without LNM or in those having TNH. Analysis of VEGF-C level and LVD using D2-40 may be helpful in the diagnosis of PTC and the evaluation of LNM potential in patients with PTC.

      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재후보

        朝鮮朝 己丑獄事와 宣祖의 對應

        이상혁 역사교육학회 2009 역사교육논집 Vol.43 No.-

        The Gichuk oksa (己丑獄事-accusations of high treason, 1589) which erupted during the reign of King Seonjo(宣祖), the fourteenth king of the Joseon(朝鮮) Dynasty, has been understood or explained with a focus on the factional strife between Easterners(東人) and Westerners(西人). This study aimed at raising a question of such approach and reviewing the overall development of the Gichuk oksa based on responses by King Seonjo, the most powerful man in the government at the time. When report of Jeong Yeo-rip’s(鄭汝立) treason sparked the Gichuk oksa, King Seonjo closely observed the development of the Gichuk oksa, exerting a critical influence in expanding it. It was King Seonjo that brought Westerners, who had withdrawn from politics until then, to the palace to make them handle the Gichuk oksa. It was also King Seonjo that restricted Westerners from eliminating lots of Easterners as they tried to use the Gichuk oksa as an opportunity to launch a major attack on Easterners. In the meantime, King Seonjo continued to expand the Gichuk oksa while keeping Westerners in check. Westerners who worried about the expansion of the Gichuk oksa suggested putting an end to the accusation, but King Seonjo did not accept it. He arbitrarily decided which penalties to impose on Jeong Yeo-rip and other people involved in the treason, regardless of what penalties his subjects advised him to impose. Due to the King’s personal feeling, those involved in the Gichuk oksa received a lot more cruel punishment. Therefore, it can be said that the fundamental cause of various later debates over the Gichuk oksa lied in King Seonjo. He also virtually exerted the biggest influence on Westerners’ withdrawal from politics which was attributed to their role in appointing those who handled the Gichuk oksa as merits subjects and in the Gichuk oksa. In conclusion, the Gichuk oksa seemed to have been largely caused by the factional strife between Easterners and Westerners, but in fact King Seonjo’s move to secure his absolute power played a bigger role in the Gichuk oksa. That is, it was not Westerners but King Seonjo who played a leading role in handling the Gichuk oksa, exerting a crucial influence on the punishment of those involved in the Gichuk oksa. Behind the incidnet was King Seonjo’s intention to secure the vertical relationship between him and his subjects through the severe punishment of traitors and to absolutize his authority by completely getting rid of his opponents.

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