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가르시아 로르까(GARCIA LORCA)의 시(詩)와 희곡(戱曲)에 나타난 죽음
김현창 ( Hyun Chang Kim ) 서울대학교 인문학연구원 1988 人文論叢 Vol.20 No.-
This thesis treats essentially with death, expressed in the poetry and plays of Garcia Lorca. To understand his poetry, one must pay attention to the poetic theory of "duende" of which Lorca says he is possessed. The conception of "duende" of Garcia Lorca corresponds to a certain form of fatalism and indigenous belief of Andalucia. Garcia Lorca has also prepared a festival of cante jondo in collaboration with Manual de Falla. When Lorca speaks of "duende," it is very human, and differs from "Musa" or "angel.`` This means that "duende" is a presupposition of death as a human being. From his first volume of verse "Libro de poemas" on, he mentions and chants death, but the works in which he starts speaking intensively of death are: "Cante jondo" and "Romancero gitano." In "Cante jondo" he treats of death as if he admires it. "Romancero gitano" is about the tragic destiny of the gipsies. Here we can find words as: knife, dagger, battle, death and persecution, especially persecution of the gipsies by the guardia civil (police). In "Llanto por Ignacio Sanchez Mejias," we can not only read about the blood and the inevitable death of the toreros (bull-fighters), but also about the victory of death by their courage and valour, and the nobility of their attitude. In the three poems of which "Llanto por Ignacio Sanchez Mejias" consists, death is not an abominable thing, but it is charming, warm, and embraces the human being as an affectionate mother does with her children. In these poems we can easily appreciate the estetics of death as seen by Garcia Lorca. Here death is conquered and transformed in immortality by the valour of a real man. In the poems "Poeta en Nueva York," Lorca pays attention to the negros, just as he did with the gipsies of Spain in his previous poetry. This poetry is the culmination of Lorca``s esoterism. He chants the tragic destiny of the negros, their poverty, misery, disdain of the white people and death. In one of the poems of this volume of verse: "Jntroduccion a la muerte" (Introduction to Death), we can easily observe his obsession of death and death among the negros. Among several plays, three tragedies are representative: "Boda de sangre," "Yerma" and "La casa de Bernarda Alba." In each of the plays, the protagonists have a tragic death, In the Greek tragedies, death results of external factors, but in Lorca`s tra g edies internal factors are the reason of death. To conclude we can say that Garcia Lorca chants death from the beginning of his poetical creation on, till his last work, in an intensive way. Death as Lorca sees it is not a definite death, but it is a part of his life. In one thousand years of Spanish liter-□uture, we can rarely find a poet who mentions death as intensively as Garcia Lorca did.
김현창,Sang-Hyun Ihm,김근호,Ju Han Kim,Kwang-Il Kim,Hae-Young Lee,이장훈,Jong-Moo Park,박성하,편욱범,신진호,채성철 대한고혈압학회 2019 Clinical Hypertension Vol.25 No.4
The Korean Society of Hypertension guideline defines hypertension as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, where the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment has been established. It is confirmed that higher blood pressure levels are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality also in the Korean population. About one third of Korean adults aged 30 years or older are estimated to have hypertension, and the prevalence of hypertension gradually increases as the age increases. The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension are generally improving in Korea, but more efforts are required to increase awareness and treatment among younger patients with hypertension and to improve lifestyle modification compliance at all ages. More studies are required to determine the magnitude and impact of white coat hypertension and masked hypertension in the Korean population.
기업의 네트워크 특성이 기술협력 효과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구
김현창(Hyeon-Chang Kim),윤우진(Woojin Yoon) 한국전략경영학회 2015 전략경영연구 Vol.18 No.3
본 연구에서는 다양한 수준에서의 기업 네트워크 특성이 기업의 기술협력 효과에 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 실증분석을 수행하였다. 기업의 네트워크 특성은 지역 수준의 네트워크, 기업 수준의 외부 네트워크 및 내부 네트워크의 3가지 차원에서 살펴보았다. 실증분석을 위해 서울, 경기, 인천, 창원의 IT-기계 융복합 관련 분야 지역 클러스터에 소속된 기업을 대상으로 한 설문조사 데이터를 활용하였다. 실증분석 결과, 기업이 클러스터 네트워크 프로그램에 적극적으로 참여할수록 기업의 기술협력 효과에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 외부 기관과의 협력 정도가 활발할수록, 그리고 기업 내부의 기술교류활동이 활발할수록 기술협력 효과에 긍정정인 영향을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌다. This study investigates the effect of network characteristic on firms" technology performance. We focus on the three dimensions of focal firms" network characteristics-regional network, external network, and internal network. These effects are tested empirically in the firms that belong to regional IT-Machine convergence clusters. The results of the statistical analysis support all our hypotheses. Active participation in regional networking program, intensive external networking, and internal interactions are positively associated with focal firms" technology performance.
다중경로 라우팅 기반 Ad-hoc Networks에서 IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS 핸드세이크 오버헤드 분석
김현창(Hyunchang Kim),이재용(Jaiyong Lee) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.45 No.6
이동노드들의 예측 불가능한 이동, 적은 대역폭의 무선링크 사용으로 인하여 데이터 전송 실패율이 높은 Ad-hoc Networks에서 다중경로 라우팅은 단일경로 라우팅에 비해 트래픽 분산, 내고장성, 높은 군집 대역폭을 제공하여 데이터 전송의 신뢰성, 경로의 견고성을 유지할 수 있다. 그러나 다중경로 라우팅은 경로를 설정하고 유지하는 과정에서 오버헤드가 추가적으로 발생하여 Ad-hoc Networks에서 무선자원의 효율적인 사용을 제한한다. 본 논문에서는 다중경로 라우팅 기반 Ad-hoc Networks에서 IEEE 802.11 DCF의 RTS/CTS 핸드세이크로 인해 발생하는 오버헤드의 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위하여, Ad-hoc Networks에서 RTS/CTS 핸드세이크의 운용 및 문제점을 설명하였고, 요구기반 단일경로 라우팅에서 RTS/CTS 핸드세이크의 오버헤드 영향을 분석했다. 또한, 수학적인 분석을 위하여 요구기반 단일경로, 다중경로 라우팅의 네트워크 모델을 제시하였다. 다양한 실험을 통하여 다중경로 라우팅에서 최적의 경로 수와 경로 길이를 찾아내어, 향후 다중경로 라우팅 연구를 위한 기반을 제시하였다. Multipath routing protocols with load balance, fault tolerance, aggregated bandwidth in Ad-hoc Networks provide improved throughput and reliable route as compared with singlepath routing protocols. However, multipath routing protocols have not been explored thoroughly in the domain of overhead in Ad-hoc Networks. In this paper, we analyze and compare on-demand singlepath and multipath routing with IEEE 802.11 DCF in terms of Routing overhead and MAC overhead. The results reveals that in comparison with singlepath routing protocol, multipath routing mechanism creates more overheads but provides better performance in congestion and capacity provided that the route length is within a certain upper bound which is derivable. The analytical results are further confirmed by simulation.
GDDR3 Memory Controller용 Impedance Calibration과 Level Shifter를 이용한 I/O Buffer 설계
김현창(Hyun-Chang Kim),황문상(Moon-Sang Hwang),김성우(Sung-Woo Kim),김태호(Tae Ho Kim),정덕균(Deog-Kyoon Jeong) 대한전자공학회 2010 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.6
An I/O buffer with impedance calibration feature for GDDR3 memory controller is presented in this paper. The proposed I/O buffer operates upto 1.2 Gb/s with 1.8-V supply voltage. The test chip was fabricated in standard 0.13-㎛CMOS process with 1.2-V supply voltage. A level-up shifter and a level-down shifter with little duty-cycle distortion are also introduced to implement 1.8-V I/O buffers in given process.