Risk Assessment for Heavy Metals in Korean Foods and Livestock Foodstuffs

권영민,이경희,이행신,박선오,박정민,김진만,강경모,노기미,김동술,이종옥,홍무기,최달웅,Kwon, Young-Min,Lee, Kyoung-Hee,Lee, Haeng-Shin,Park, Seon-Oh,Park, Jung-Min,Kim, Jin-Man,Kang, Kyung-Mo,No, Ki-Mi,Kim, Dong-Sul,Lee, Jong-Ok,Hong, Moo- Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate exposure level and risk of heavy metals in livestock foodstuffs and Korean foods. Based on the "Food Intake Data," a part of the 2005 National Health & Nutrition Survey and the "2005 Seasonal Nutrition Survey", 113 Korean foods items were selected. 3 samples from different manufacturers of each 113 items of Korean foods were purchased on summer and fall, so total 678 samples were used. The food groups were classified into 15 categories. For the livestock foodstuffs category, meats and poultry (chicken, pork, pork belly, beef, beef feet soup), milks and dairy products (milk, ice cream, liquid yoghourt, sherbet), eggs (egg) were selected. It was found that the daily amount of heavy metals intake (mg/person/day) from livestock foodstuffs is 0.00020 arsenic, 0.00000 cadmium, 0.00020 lead, and 0.00006 mercury, and the daily amount of heavy metals intake (mg/person/day) from Korean foods is 0.0265 arsenic, 0.0083 cadmium, 0.0067 lead, and 0.0028 mercury. Daily amount of heavy metals intake from livestock foodstuffs was low among the food groups. For risk assessment, PDI (Probable Daily Intake) was calculated and compared with PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake) of JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additive). Relative hazard of these livestock foodstuffs was 0.006% in arsenic, 0.000% in cadmium, 0.085% in lead, and 0.149% in mercury. Relative hazard of Korean foods was 0.941% in arsenic, 14.676% in cadmium, 3.319% in lead, and 6.860% in mercury. Thus, livestock foodstuffs and Korean foods were as safe as satisfied with the recommended standards of JECFA.

사용자의 공평성과 채널품질을 고려한 분산형 무선인지MAC 프로토콜

권영민,박형근,Kwon, Young-Min,Park, Hyung-Kun 한국정보통신학회 2016 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.20 No.1

It is important that using of efficient radio resource because of deficiency spectrum problem, so that related to this problem many researches are have proceeded. To solve this problem, Cognitive Radio(CR) was suggested. The channels are allocated to the secondary users when the primary users don't use the channels, and unfairness of secondary users can be serious problem and channel quality of multichannel can be different due to the different traffic pattern of primary users. In this paper, we propose MAC prtocol both of the user's fairness and channel quality in CR networks. Simulation results show the comparison with CR MAC protocols. 스펙트럼의 자원의 부족으로 인하여 자원을 효율적으로 사용하는 기술이 중요한 기술이 되었고, 이에 따른 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 스펙트럼 자원을 효율적으로 사용하기 위한 방법으로 인지무선통신이 제안되었으며 부 사용자들은 주 사용자가 채널을 점유하지 않을 때 채널을 할당받게 된다. 따라서 인지무선 네트워크에서 부 사용자들간의 불공평성 문제가 발생할 수 있으며 멀티채널에서 각 채널들은 주 사용자의 트래픽 패턴에서 따라 서로 다른 채널 품질을 갖게 된다. 본 논문에서는 부 사용자간의 공평성을 보장하면서도 가용한 스펙트럼 자원의 채널 품질을 고려한 MAC 프로토콜을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 MAC 프로토콜의 성능을 비교 분석하였다.

큰번데기동충하초(Cordyceps militaris)의 혈당강하효과

권영민,조수민,김지헌,이재희,이연아,이승정,이민원,Kwon, Young-Min,Cho, Su-Min,Kim, Jee-Hun,Lee, Jae-Hee,Lee, Yeon-Ah,Lee, Seung-Jung,Lee, Min-Won 한국생약학회 2001 생약학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Cordyceps militaris (CM) has been used as a tonics in the traditional medicine. To investigate the anti-diabetic principle of CM, activity guided fractionation was conducted. Hot water extract of CM was fractionated into 3 parts: above 100,000(A), $100,000{\sim}20,000(B)$, below 20,000(C) in molecular weight using in membrane filter system. All fractions showed mild hypoglycemic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by oral administration (300 mg/kg). The fraction C which was most active among them was fractionated again into two parts, C-1 and C-2 by Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography. The fraction C-1 showed hypoglycemic activity but C-2 did not show activity compared with control in STZ mice. In glucose-fed hyperglycemic mice, fraction C, C-1 and C-2 also showed significant glucose lowering activity. Their decreasing rates of plasma glucose level after 1 hours administrations of fraction C, C-1 and C-2 were 24.5%, 29.3% and 22.0%, respectively (Tolbutamide: 48.4%). These results suggested that CM has both insulin like and insulin release promoting activity and could be developed as an antidiabetic agent.

애드혹 인지 무선네트워크에서 멀티 홉 전송을 위한 멀티채널할당기법

권영민,박형근,Kwon, Young-Min,Park, Hyung-Kun 한국정보통신학회 2017 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.21 No.1

스펙트럼 자원의 부족문제를 해결하고 스펙트럼 자원을 보다 효율적으로 사용하기 위해 인지무선통신기술이 제안되었으며 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 애드혹 인지무선통신에서 멀티 홉 라우팅은 저 전력으로 먼 거리까지 데이터 전송할 수 있는 중요한 기법이다. 멀티채널을 갖는 멀티홉 라우팅에서 전송채널을 선택할 때 우선적으로는 주 사용자에 대한 간섭을 최소화할 수 있는 채널선택이 되어야하며 전송용량을 극대화하기 위해 채널 간 간섭을 최소화할 수 있는 채널선택기법이 필요로 된다. 본 논문에서는 멀티채널 멀티 홉 인지무선네트워크에서에서 채널 간 간섭을 최소화하며 주 사용자와의 충돌을 줄임으로써 용량을 높일 수 있는 채널 스케줄링 방식을 제안하였다. 제안된 방식은 라우팅경로와 채널선택을 동시에 수행한다. 제안된 채널 할당방식에 대한 시뮬레이션을 통해 용량과 충돌률 관점에서 그 성능을 분석하였다. To solve the shortage of radio spectrum and utilize spectrum resource more efficiently, cognitive radio technologies are proposed, and many studies on cognitive radio have been conducted. Multi-hop routing is one of the important technologies to enable the nodes to transmit data further with lower power in ad-hoc cognitive radio networks. In a multi-channel cognitive radio networks, each channel should be allocated to minimize interference to primary users. In the multi-hop routing, channel allocation should consider the inter-channel interference to maximize network throughput. In this paper, we propose multi-channel scheduling scheme which minimizes inter-channel interferences and avoids collision with primary users for the multi-hop multi-channel cognitive radio networks. The proposed scheduling is designed to determine both of routing path and channel selection. The performance of proposed channel allocation scheme is evaluated by the computer simulation in the aspect of capacity and collision rate.

한ㆍ미 FTA와 대일수입전환 미시적 무역구조의 분석

권영민(Youngmin Kwon) 한국무역학회 2007 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2007 No.12

The recent completion of Korea-US. FTA negotiations has led to hopeful expectations about Korea's economic future. That is, if successful in having endorsement from the Korean national assembly, of course as well from the US. Congress, many anticipate such increases in consumer's welfare, job opportunities, exports volume, and etc. However, a FTA itself does not guarantee those rosy pictures. That is, in advance to having sweet fruits of the new FTA environment, there should occur a fundamental restructuring of the Korean economy. This paper explores possible effects of Korea-US. FTA on excessive import dependence of certain product groups on Japan, an area often considered as an achilles for Korean industrial structure. Even though the Korea's current import structure is more suitable to Japan for now and it looks hard to break an immediate effect, the present dominance of Japan over the US. in Korean market is very different from the competitiveness in the world market. Therefore, if we assume rational economic agents, the tariff reduction of Korea-US. FTA, which are estimated not small in this paper, should give the price advantage for the US. imports and thus the import diversion from Japan. Although it should not be the final goal of the Korea-US. FTA, the imports diversion for essential products such as in organic chemicals, chemical products, plastics, glasses, and precision tools may at least give an opportunity for Korea to improve their competitiveness in those areas.

교사는 왜 여가의 수호자인가?

권영민 ( Kwon¸ Yeongmin ) 한국방송통신대학교 통합인문학연구소 2023 통합인문학연구 Vol.15 No.1

이 글의 목적은 고대적 여가 개념의 인식론적 의미를 밝히고 여가와 참된 앎 사이의 관련을 탐구하고자 하는 데에 있다. 과학 혁명 이후 현대인들에게는 앎 조차도 노동의 일부로 간주하는 경향이 팽배하지만 고대인들은 참된 앎이 자신들의 노력만으로 얻어지지 않는다고 생각하였다. 고대인들에게 있어서 바로 그 참된 앎을 위한 시간, 자신들의 노력의 한계 또는 여백을 채워주는 시간이 바로 여가였다. 고대인들은 여가를 통해서 인간 노력의 한계를 인식하였으며, 겸손한 태도를 지니게 되었다. 여가(은혜)와 노동의 관계의 측면에서 교회, 학교, 공장을 비교할 때 성직자나 노동 감독관에 비해 교사는 매우 곤란한 처지에 있는데, 이는 어느 한 활동이 다른 활동을 압도하는 것이 별 문제 사태가 아닌 교회 또는 공장에 비해 학교는, 노동이 여가를 압도하게 되면 그 사회적 기능을 잃게 되는 문제가 발생하기 때문이다. 학교(school)와 그 어원인 여가(schole) 사이의 관련이 점점 퇴색되어 가는 현대교육에 있어서 고대적인 여가의 의미에 대한 탐구는 학교의 본래적인 기능에 대한 성찰을 가능하게 해 줄 것이며, 더 나아가 여가의 수호자로서의 교사의 의미를 환기해줄 것이다. The purpose of this article is to clarify the epistemological meaning of the ancient concept of leisure and to explore the relationship between leisure and true knowledge. After the scientific revolution, modern people tend to regard even knowledge as part of labor, but ancient people thought that true knowledge could not be obtained only through their own efforts. For the ancients, the time for true knowledge, the time to fill the limits or voids of their efforts, was leisure. The ancients recognized the limits of human effort through leisure and came to have a humble attitude. When comparing churches, schools, and factories in terms of the relationship between leisure (grace) and work, teachers are in a very difficult position compared to clergy and labor inspectors. For a church or a factory, it is not a problem for grace or work to overwhelm other activities, but for a school, when work overwhelms leisure, it loses its social function. In modern education, where the relationship between school and its etymology, leisure, is gradually fading, the search for the ancient meaning of leisure will enable reflection on the original function of school, and further it will evoke the meaning of teachers as guardians of leisure.

제작 공법에 따른 VPX 전자박스의 구조 강성 검토

권영민(Young-Min Kwon),김진성(Jin-Sung Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2022 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.4

일제강점기 학교관 형성 연구

권영민(Yeongmin Kwon) 중앙대학교 한국교육문제연구소 2021 한국교육문제연구 Vol.39 No.4

이 논문은 ‘우리 사회 많은 구성원들이 우리 교육의 문제라고 지적하고 있는 주입식 교육이 과연 언제부터 시작되었는가’라는 질문에 답하기 위해 시작되었다. 연구자는 이 질문의 답을 ‘일제강점기’로 설정한 후, 우리나라 체계적 근대교육의 시작이라 할 수 있는 일제강점기에 공교육이 어떻게 전개, 확산되었는지, 그리고 그 특질은 무엇이었고, 그 특질은 교육의 대상들에게 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 살펴보았다. 기본적으로 일제는 양순한 식민지 백성들을 기르기 위해 교육을 활용하고자 하였기 때문에 많은 조선인들이 높은 학력을 갖추는 것을 원하지 않았다. 하지만 식민지 백성들에게 교육은 거의 유일한 신분상승의 수단으로 여겨졌다. 이로 인하여 학교는, 특히 1920년대 이후, 치열한 생존경쟁의 장이 되었다. 1945년 해방에 이르기까지 일제가 조선인들의 중등·고등 교육기회를 계속적으로 제한해왔기 때문에 상급학교로의 입시난은 가중될 수밖에 없었다. 애석하게도, 이 시기에 형성된 학교관, 즉 ‘학교는 생존경쟁의 장’이라는 인식은 여전히 우리에게 강력하게 작동하고 있다. 학교가 생존경쟁의 장이 아닌, 그 본래적 어원에 기반한, 진정한 자아를 형성해 나가는 장으로 변모하기 위해서는 ‘이익의 전환’ 과정이 요청된다. This study aims to answer the origin of ‘injected education’. After setting the answer to this question as "the Japanese colonial period", I examined how public education developed and spread during that period, which can be mentioned as the beginning of a systematic modern education in Korea. This study explored the characteristics of education at that time, and how those characteristics affected the participants of the education. Basically, the Japanese did not wish to provide quality education to the Koreans, but rather to procure a docile colonial people. However, for Koreans, education was almost the only means of raising their social status. Thus schools, especially after the 1920s, became a field of fierce competition for survival. Until the liberation in 1945, the Japanese continued to limit the opportunities of secondary and higher-level education for Koreans, exacerbating the difficulty of entering higher schools. Regrettably, the perception of "schools as the platform for survival" competition" is still prevalent in the present Korean society. In order for the schools, based on its original etymology, to transform from a place of survival competition to a genuine venue where individuals pursue self-formation, the process of “transfer of profits” would be required.

골밀도(骨密度)와 퇴행성 척추증 환자의 치료예후와의 상관관계

권영민 ( Young Min Kwon ),반사평 ( Shih Ping Pan ),김순중 ( Sun Jung Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2002 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Objective : The purpose of this study is Quantitative analysis of oriental medical treatment by QCT(quantitative computed tomography), in order to explain of improvement for Degenerative spondylosis. Methods : We use method of projection with Quantitative computed tomography(QCT) to estimate Bone mineral density(BMD) of lumbar spine more precisely. From January 2002 to July 2002, We compared VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) with lumbar BMD, T-score, Z-score of patient who visited Hospital by QCT.Result : The scores of BMD don`t have correlation with VAS. The scores of Z-score has somewhat correlation with VAS, but there was no Significant. The score of T-scores has strongly correlation with VAS and there had valid Significant. Conclusion : These results suggest that We can use more T-score than BMD or Z-score to estimate improvement of oriental medical treatment for Degenerative spondylosis.

능동 로터 제어를 이용한 X2 Lift-offset 로터의 진동 하중 감소

권영민(Young-Min Kwon),박재상(Jae-Sang Park),위성용(Seong-Yong Wie),강희정(Hee Jung Kang),김도형(Do-Hyung Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2020 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.7