산업계관점 대학평가에 대한 인식 및 개선방안 연구

고혁진,이석원,한지영,Ko, Hyuk-Jin,Lee, Seok-Won,Han, Jiyoung 한국공학교육학회 2017 공학교육연구 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions of college officials about the evaluation of university education on the perspective of industry, to make policy proposals for improvement by analyzing the preparing process of the departments that have received the evaluation of the best universities, In order to achieve the purpose of the study, we conducted literature review, survey studies, and in-depth interviews. The survey was conducted by professors related to this system, and finally the results of 51 responses were used for analysis. The contents of the survey were composed of the recognition, appropriateness, the utilization of the results, the proliferation and improvement plan of the evaluation of university education on the perspective of industry. In-depth interviews conducted 1:1 interviews with 5 professors. The evaluation of university education on the perspective of industry is generally perceived to be a bridge between industry and university education, but there is room for improvement in evaluation criteria, operating methods, and promotion strategies to public.

수요기반의 창업지원 사업 설계 연구

고혁진(Hyuk-Jin Ko) 한국기술혁신학회 2019 한국기술혁신학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

창업 활성화를 위해 부처별․분야별로 다양한 지원정책이 시행됨에 따라 ‘18년 신설법인 수는 최초로 10만개를 돌파하였고, 신규 벤처투자 금액은 3.4조원으로 최고 수준으로 확대되었으나, 질적인 성과는 여전히 미흡한 상황이다. 본 연구는 창업시장의 수요에 근거하여 지원정책 공급의 적절성을 진단하였다. 창업시장의 수요는 ‘창업기업 실태조사 보고서’의 유형별 해당연도의 창업기업 현황을 대용변수로, 창업시장의 공급은 창업지원사업의 수혜자 현황을 대용변수로 설정하였다. 연구 결과, 연령별로는 중장년, 업력별로는 초기, 성별로는 여성, 업종별로는 정보서비스를 제외한 서비스분야에서 초과수요가 나타났다. 따라서, 향후 정부창업지원사업 설계에 있어 수요 관점의 수급조절 기능을 강화하고, 일부 예산은 미래수요를 유인하기 위한 분야에 전략적으로 배분해야 할 것이다. As a result of the implementation of various support policies by departments and sectors in order to revitalize entrepreneurship, the number of newly established corporations exceeded 100,000 for the first time in 2018 years and the amount of new venture investment expanded to the highest level at 3.4 trillion won. However, It is a situation. This study examined the appropriateness of the supply of policy support based on the demand of the entrepreneurial market. The demand of the entrepreneurial market is set as a substitute variable as the substitute variable in the "Survey on the Survey of the Status of Establishment Companies" in the same year as the substitute variable. The supply of the entrepreneurial market is set as the substitute variable. As a result of the study, the demand for the elderly by age, early by work, female by sex, and service by service sector excluding information service showed excess demand. Therefore, in the future, it will be necessary to strategically allocate the budget to the field to attract demand in the future.

신용회복제도의 도덕적 해이 유발가능성에 관한 실증연구

고혁진 ( Hyuk Jin Ko ),박영석 ( Young S. Park ),이재현 ( Jae Hyun Lee ) 한국금융학회 2008 금융연구 Vol.22 No.4

신용회복제도는 개인파산자에게 소비유연화의 기능을 제공하고 과도한 채무상환의 부담을 덜어줌으로써 금융소외자들이 정상적인 경제활동을 가능하게 하는 사회안전망의 기능을 수행한다. 반면 신용회복제도는 채무자의 상환노력을 낮추어 도덕적 해이를 유발할 것이라는 우려도 있다. 본 연구는 과거 국내에 시행된 3개의 주용 신용회복제도가 채무자의 도덕적 해이를 유발하는가에 대한 실증분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 모 전업카드사의 신용카드 사용자의 자료를 이용하여 3개 신용회복제도 발표일을 사건일로 하는 사건연구를 수행하였다. 대부분의 국외의 선행연구에 따르면 신용회복제도는 채무자들의 자발적 파산수요를 늘린다는 결과를 제시하면서 도덕적 해이에 대한 우려를 나타냈다. 그러나 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 일부그룹의 도덕적해이의 개연성이 나타나기는 했지만 전체적으로 신용회복제도가 도덕적해이를 유발한다는 유의한 결과는 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 국내의 채무자들의 도적적해이가 없다고 단정할 수 없다. 국외의 연구는 연체율이 급증한 시점에서 이루어진 결과이고, 본 연구의 분석기간은 연체율이 하락하는 시점에서 수행되었기 때문에 나타난 결과일 수 있다. When the credit recovery plan offers big advantages such as delays in repayment of debts and exemption of interests, debtors with moral hazard will not make repayments but intend to take benefits from the plan. As consumers with such a behavior increase, the society will have to bear the massive economic losses. In this sense, the plan is controversial due to the possibility to stimulate moral hazard. The plan does not always give benefits to its applicants. Applicants for the plan have to take disadvantages as their information is submitted and strictly managed by all financial organizations. In addition, they have to bear the direct expenses including the legal counseling fee for application, and the indirect expenses of losing social reputations. Accordingly, introduction of the plan is not always regarded as a stimulator of voluntary defaults. The plan should be considered from the long-term perspective and in the context of the national economy, since the plan serves as the social safety net allowing financially isolated citizens to normally make economic activities again. Most of the previous literatures, studied mostly in the US, found the empirical evidence that the plan increased voluntary defaults demand, and expressed concerns over moral hazard of delinquents. This study aims to verify whether the credit recovery plan, which has been introduced or being introduced in Korea, has increased the number of delinquent cardholders. For this, we compared the three cases before and after introducing the plan specified in <Table 1>, in order to verify the influences of the plan on the voluntary delinquency demand. As classified in Chapter 2, the three cases included the work-out plan for multiple debtors (announced in July 2002), the overall rescue programs for credit delinquents (announced in March 2004), and the credit recovery plan for financial delinquents with low income (announced in March 2005), and the cases were analyzed based on the announced month. Using logistic regression model, we control other factors influencing the delinquency rate used in Min et al.(2007) and Gross-Souleles (2002), and add the dummy variable implying the plan enforcement (Six months before the introduction: 0, and six months after the introduction: 1). If the introduction of the plan increases voluntary delinquents, the coefficient of dummy variables will show a significant positive value. Also, we analyzed the influences of the plan on voluntary delinquents with the differences between the estimated delinquency rate and the actual delinquency rate. This approach was added to improve robustness of the results of the formula (3.1). First, I excluded dummy variables and calculated the estimated delinquency rate through the logistic regression model. I calculated the difference between the estimated delinquency rate and the actual delinquency rate, and then verified the hypothesis by finding out the significance of the difference. As empirical data for the study, we used data of a large Korean credit card company. Not all applications for the plan are resulted from the use of credit cards. However, most of studies including major researches on the plan such as the one of Fay, Hurst, and White (2002), and the one of Gross and Souleles (2002) depended on data of credit card users. In addition, according to the surveys in Korea, 67.3% of respondents answered that credit card debts resulted in application for the credit recovery plan, proving that the credit card data is representative. In this study, credit card users were classified into three grades to analyze the influences of the plan on each group of users. According to the credit rating, users from grade one to grade four were classified as "High grade Users," those from grade five to grade six as "Potential group," and those in grade seven as "Marginal group." The finance limit utilization rate was used for detailed classification of groups. Those of grade five or higher show the utilizatio

비혼 논리절의 갱신시 규칙기반의 유도절을 생성하는 방법

고혁진(Hyuk-Jin Ko),강희종(He-Jong Kang),민병무(Byung-Mu Min),김웅모(Ung-Mo Kim) 한국정보과학회 1993 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.20 No.2

본 논문에서는 불확정정보를 표현, 처리할 수 있는 비혼 데이타베이스상에서 갱신 논리절로 허용되지 않는 형태와, 갱신시 추론과정을 통해 생성되는 유도절이 기존 데이타베이스상에 존재하는 다른 논리절에 어떤 영향을 미치는가에 대한 고찰과, 갱신 전후의 데이타베이스상태간의 차이를 삭입, 삭제 형태의 논리절로 표현하기 위한 알고리즘을 제시하고, 갱신전후 리터럴의 진리값 변화를 알아낼 수 있는 방법을 제시한다.

신용카드의 적정한도와 가계의 채무불이행에 관한 연구

고혁진 ( Hyuk Jin Ko ),박영석 ( Young S. Park ),위경우 ( Kyeong Woo Wee ),이재현 ( Jae Hyun Lee ) 한국금융학회 2009 금융연구 Vol.23 No.3

신용카드사는 주로 한도관리를 통하여 카드사용자의 채무불이행을 통제한다. 카드사의 입장에서는 한도를 적게 부여하는 것이 잠재적 채무불이행금액을 줄이는데 유리하지만, 카드사용금액이 줄어들어 카드사의 이익을 줄이는 방향으로 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 또한 한도의 증가는 재무적곤경에 처한 카드사용자에게 유동성을 제공하며, 이후 카드사용자의 현금흐름이 개선되면 카드사용자는 채무불이행을 극복하게 된다. 따라서 카드사의 입장에서는 부정적 효과와 긍정적 효과의 상충관계를 고려하여 사용자의 속성에 맞는 적정한도를 찾아내고 이를 기준으로 한도를 부여하는 것이 중요하다. 여기서 적정한도란 카드사용자의 위험속성에 부합하는 한도를 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 카드사용자를 신용등급으로 분류하여 각 계좌의 시점별 적정한도를 추정하여 초과한도(부족한도)를 추정하였고 초과한도가 채무불이행 패턴에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 실증 결과 전체적으로 초과한도는 연체를 줄이는 방향으로 영향을 미쳤다. 세부적으로 초과한도는 연체빈도, 연체금액과는 음의관계를, 생존기간과는 양의관계를 나타냈다. 물론 그룹별로 차이가 존재하고 있으나, 이러한 효과는 흥미롭게도 신용도가 낮은 그룹에서 크게 나타났다는 것이다. 최근 국내의 가계채무의 급증은 경기침체 심화에 따른 기대소득의 감소 그리고 대출이자율의 상승과 맞물려 한계가계의 추가자금조달의 필요성을 증가시키기고 있다. 본 연구는 가계자금조달에서 신용한도와 채무불이행과의 관계를 분석한 연구라는 점에서 시의성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. In general, credit card companies control card holders` default by managing their credit limits. It is advantageous for card companies to impose smaller limits to reduce the amount of potential default; however, it may also reduce profits of card companies resulted from downsized card using amount. Besides, the increase of credit limits would provide liquidity to card holders who are in financial distress, serving as a positive platform later for card users to overcome default problem with their improved cash flow. Hence it would be critical for card companies to figure out fair credit limits for each user and impose proper limits coincident with card users` attribute after considering both positive and negative effects of adjusting credit limits. Here, the fair credit limit refers to the one that is in line with the risk attribute of a card user. This study classified card users based on their credit rating and estimated excess limits (deficient limits) after evaluating fair credit limits of each account at a each time. Furthermore, the impact of excess limit on the delinquency patterns was also analyzed in this study. The specific procedure of analysis is as follows: ① After card users were classified into groups based on their risk attribute, the average limits of each group were calculated, and the results were regarded as fair credit limits. ② Excessive limits (deficient limits) were calculated after subtracting average limits from actual limits of each group. ③ Pure excess limits (pure deficient limits) were calculated after the effect of other factors that might influence the excessive limits (deficient limits) calculated in ② was controlled. ④ The impact of pure excessive limits (pure deficient limits) on default was analyzed. Here are the results of the analysis. First, let`s take a look at the impact of each group`s excess limits on delinquency. Overall, pure excessive limits had a negative relation with delinquency, so pure excessive limits contributed to reducing delinquency, influencing positively. The pure excess limits in total limits reduced delinquency in groups with relatively good credit ratings and the pure excessive limits in financial service limits decreased delinquency in groups with bad credit ratings. The relation between excess limits and frequency of delinquency is as follows. As predicted, excess limits had a negative correlation with the frequency of delinquency. In other words, as accounts got more excessive limits on average during the survival length, the accounts underwent less delinquency. The survival length had a positive correlation with excessive limits in all groups. A notable point is that excessive limits in financial service of the grade1 had a negative correlation with the survival length. It is hard to interpret this relation because the grade1 is the one with excellent credit rating. The fact that the best credit group experienced delinquency even with excessive limits could be interpreted as some uncontrollable adverse events happened to the card users. It might be difficult to prolong the survival length by just increasing credit limits to a certain degree. Next, let`s take a look at the impact of excess limits on the delinquent amount in each group. The delinquent amount is important in that it influences the profit and loss of card companies directly. One of the reasons that caused the credit card crisis in 2003 was the excess credit limits given to users, so positive coefficient, in general, was expected. However, it turned out that excluding the grade 4 and 5, the excess limits had a negative relation with the delinquent amount. In particular, the grade 6 that took up most of the delinquent amount with bad credit ratings had a negative relation and the coefficient was the lowest, which is quite notable. Therefore, it is needed for credit card companies to increase the credit limits to a certain level for users with grade6 in an effort to reduce the delinquency amount. Meanwhile, this study also analyzed panel data analysis(fixed effect model) in addition to using pooled OLS method in an attempt to substantiate the result of research further. Also, an analysis using the 2SLS model was added to control endogeneity with pure excess line ratio of previous month as an instrumental variable. As a result, the coefficient varied slightly, but the same signs and significance consistent to those in the pooled OLS came out. Thus, the result of this study is judged to be reliable. Recently, the surge of household debt has led households in marginal state to need more funds, which is also influenced by the rise of loan rates and decrease of expected income stemmed from deepened economic slow-down. According to the result of this study, positive effect of excess limits, which is providing more buffer to financially distressed households to overcome default based on provided liquidity, is bigger than negative effects, which is increasing the default amount. Yet, it should be noted that providing liquidity to users with long-term financial difficulty will make the potential default amount bigger. This study is judged to be timely and proper in that it analyzed the relation between the credit limit and default in household finance, which hasn`t been studied in depth so far.

신용카드 시장의 높은 이자율의 원인에 관한 연구

고혁진(Hyuk Jin Ko),박영석(Young S. Park) 한국경영학회 2010 經營學硏究 Vol.39 No.5

Ausubel (1991) reported that interest rate stickiness was present in the US credit card market, which in turn led to a market failure, citing switching costs, adverse selection problems and consumer irrationality as prime culprits. Furthermore, Zwicki (2000) and Park (1997) pointed out moral hazard of credit card users which eventually raised interest rates of the market. As mentioned in the introduction, interest rates of the Korean credit card market are fairly high. Based on previous studies, this study examines whether interest rate stickiness exists in the Korean credit card market, and whether adverse selection and moral hazard issues are present due to the high interest rates. If there are problems of adverse selection and moral hazard in the domestic credit card market, it may explain the rationales behind high interest rates. If it is not the case, however, it may indicate that the market should lower the credit card interest rates. Major findings of this study are as following. First, interest hikes of credit cards due to increases in borrowing rates are greater than interest declines due to decreases in borrowing rates of the previous month. This clearly confirms that there exists interest rate stickiness in the domestic credit card market. When delinquency rates are considered, the model becomes more relevant and the stickiness of interest rates affected by changes in borrowing rates becomes greater. Meanwhile, when finance limits expand, finance balances of high credit rating groups hardly change while those of low credit rating groups do rise. This reveals that adverse selection issues are relevant to the credit limit. Considering that previous studies failed to reach an agreement over adverse selection pertaining to interest rates, the finding is more interesting. If there is an adverse selection problem, either of the following cases should be true; 1) when interest rates are on the rise, people with high credits should meaningfully decrease their credit card usage while those with low credits hardly cut back on the usage, or 2) when interest rates go down, people with low credits should meaningfully increase their credit card usage while those with gooediredits hardly change the usage. However, the empirical analysis did not idely fy adverse selection issues either of the cases, burueounmore incredit balances of the low credit group meaningfully decrease when interest rates declines. Therefore, it can be construed that Korean credit card market is free from adverse selection problems concerning interest rates. Lastly, if moral hazard of credit card users exist in the market as Park (1997) claimed, defaulters should spend on credit up to or nearly the limit in the month right before they are behind on the payment when their credit default risks maximized. However, in the previous month before default, bad credit groups show little tendency to spend up their credit. Even if some used bigger portions of their credit, it is not because of increases in spending but because of decreases in credit limits. As a result, groundless are the concerns about moral hazard that card users would exercise their option when their credit default risks are at the peak. In conclusion, interest rates of the Korean credit card market are unreasonably high in that there is no substantial risk of adverse selection or moral hazard. Although the Korean economy is recovering from the global financial crisis at a fast rate, the sense of recovery fails to spread every corner of the society. On the contrary, expected income level of the lowincome class is going down. In addition, as risk tolerance in the financial markets declined due to the global financial crisis, ever-rising interest rates of non-banking institutions distress low-income households. One consolation is that the government has recently implemented policies to lower interest rates of the non-banking sector so that low-income people could take out loans at lower costs. Opponen

Peer-to- Peer 네트워크 상에서 XML 데이터의 효율적이고 안전한 배포 방식에 관한 연구

고혁진(Ko, Hyuk-Jin),강우준(Kang, Woo-Jun) 한국산학기술학회 2007 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.8 No.3

XML이 인터넷 상에서 수많은 정보의 표현과 교환의 표준으로 자리매김해감에, XML 데이터를 안전하고 효율적으로 배포하기 위한 방법의 강구가 강력히 요구 되는 추세이다. 특히 Peer-to-Peer 같은 환경에서 그런 경향은 더욱 두드러지고 있다. 지금까지의 SDI 연구는 user profiling 에 대해 새로 입수되는 XML source에 대한 match (filtering 문제)에 관련된 문제에 집중, 효율적 배포와 관련된 연구가 드문 실정이며, 효율적 배포에 관련된 소수의 기존연구에서도 중앙집중식 관리방식을 사용함으로써 Peer-to-Peer와 은 분산환경에는 바로 적용시키기가 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특징을 가지고 있는Peer-to-Peer 환경에서 인가정책과 비밀분산을 이용함으로써 안전하고 확장이 용이한 XML 데이터의 배포 방법을 제안한다. As XML is becoming a standard for representation and exchange of abundant information on the Web, solutions for a secure and selective dissemination of XML data, known as SDI, are strongly demanded. Such trends are more outstanding especially in distributed heterogeneous environment such as Peer-to-Peer. Although many approaches have been proposed to provide secure and efficient SDI mechanisms, almost previous approaches have focused only on filtering with user profile and they adopt center-oriented administration approaches. It is therefore difficult to adapt them directly to the distributed Peer-to-Peer environments characterized by dynamic participation. In this paper, we develop a novel dissemination method, which makesuse of authorization policy and secret sharing scheme. It provides more secure, scalable means for XML dissemination on Peer-to-Peer networks.

공시시차를 이용한 전략적 매매의 개연성에 관한 연구

고혁진 ( Hyuk Jin Ko ),박성호 ( Seong Ho Park ),임준규 ( Jun Kyu Lim ),박영석 ( Young S. Park ) 韓國財務管理學會 2009 財務管理硏究 Vol.26 No.4

유비쿼터스 환경에서의 안전한 웹 서비스를 위한 위임모델

황현식 ( Hyun-sik Hwang ),고혁진 ( Hyuk-jin Ko ),김규일 ( Kyu-il Kim ),신준 ( Jun Shin ),옥지웅 ( Jee-woong Ok ),박은경 ( Ehun-kyung Park ),김응모 ( Ung-mo Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2006 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

웹 서비스는 오늘날의 인터넷 환경에서 분산되어있고, 이질적인 시스템들 간에 상호운용을 제공하는 새로운 소프트웨어 시스템의 형태이다. 이러한 환경에 있어서 보안은 가장 중요한 이슈 중 하나이다. 공격자는 아무런 인증 없이 사용자의 비밀정보를 노출시킬 수도 있다. 더구나 유비쿼터스 환경에서 사용자들은 웹 서비스를 이용하기 위해 반드시 그들 대신 서비스를 처리할 에이전트들에게 그들의 권한 모두를 혹은 그 중 일부분을 일시적으로 위임해야만 한다. 이것은 사용자의 비밀정보가 에이전트들을 통해 외부에 노출되는 결과를 초례한다. 본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 환경에서의 안전한 웹 서비스를 위한 위임모델을 제시한다. 우리는 에이전트를 통한 비밀정보의 노출을 막고 서비스의 기밀성과 단언정보의 무결성을 제공하기 위해 XML암호화와 XML전자서명 방식을 이용한다. 그리고 XACML 기반의 웹 서비스 관리 서버를 통해 웹 서비스 제공자들과의 서비스정책의 상호운용을 수행한다. 우리는 역시 멀티 에이전트들 간의 위임을 통해 웹 서비스 제공자들에게 전달될 위임 단언을 정의하기 위해 SAML을 확장 시킨다.

한국 기업의 중남미 시장 진출 실태와 통상 문화 환경에 관한 연구

장치순 ( Chi Soon Chang ),고혁진 ( Hyuk Jin Ko ) 국제지역학회 2009 국제지역연구 Vol.13 No.1

This study is aimed to analyse the performances and market positions of Korean products at the Central and South America where recently come into the spotlight for the emerging markets with FTA. The main problems were not the communication or geographical distance but the faint Central and South American specific support of the government and indifferent market approaching concepts. New cultural merchandising approach, Korean enterprise can maintain the competitive advantage against with chinese low products which is main opponent in this market. In order to achieve the close cultural approach, Korean enterprise should use the `elite groups` in the Central and South america whom are multi cultural leaders in there and also needs to use the Korean CQO merchandisers in the Central and South America. And the new FTA with rest of countries in the Central and South America more aggressively will be the inmost objet of maintaining competitive advantage and we could change the concept of the this market from `big indifferent market` to `strategic market` as a hopeful market for achieve the diversification of export.