조나단 에드워즈의 아르미니우스주의 비판 -아이작 왓츠의 자유의지 개념에 대한 비판을 중심으로-

강미진 ( Kang Mi-jin ) 한국기독교철학회 2018 기독교철학 Vol.25 No.-

이 글의 목적은 조나단 에드워즈가 개혁신학의 자유의지 개념을 성경적으로 어떻게 다져나가는지 살펴보는 것에 있다. 아르미니우스주의자들은 개혁신학의 자유의지 개념을 부정한다. 그들은 인간의 자유의지를 지나치게 강조하여 하나님의 주권을 약화시키며 인간의 의지 자체에 자기 결정력이 있다고 여긴다. 또한 무관심 중립 상태에서 의지가 활동할 수 있다고 여긴다. 왓츠는 아르미니우스주의자들에 입장에 동의하며 그들의 논의를 뒷받침하기 위한 자유의지 개념을 주장한다. 그는 의지가 외부의 영향이나 선행 원인의 영향 없이 스스로 결정할 수 있다고 여긴다. 또한 의지 자신의 의욕은 이전의 어떤 결정이나 환경이 아니라 순수 중립적으로 결정하는 의지자체를 의미한다. 이것은 하나님의 주권보다는 인간의 의지 자체의 절대 주권을 인정하는 것이다. 특히 인간의 구원에 있어서 아르미니우스주의자들은 인간의 자유의지를 강조함으로 하나님의 주권을 부정한다. 에드워즈에 따르면 사람은 감정과 의지를 가지고 있기 때문에 절대적으로 완전한 중립이란 있을 수 없다. 무슨 결정을 하든지 동기가 반드시 필수적이다. 의지 자체만으로 그 어떤 결정을 할 수 없다. 하나님은 사람의 의지나 자유 활동 그 어떠한 것도 하나님의 주권적인 역사임을 강조한다. 칼빈은 하나님의 주권과 인간의 자유의지는 서로 양립할 수 있다고 여긴다. 특히 구원의 문제에 있어서는 전적인 하나님의 주권이며 하나님의 의지의 문제이다. 인간의 자유의지와 자신의 결단으로는 구원이 이루어질 수 없다. 연구자는 이 글을 통해 조나단 에드워즈가 왓츠의 자유의지 논증을 반박하며 하나님의 주권과 인간의 자유의지가 어떻게 양립가능한지를 밝히고자 한다. The purpose of this article is to ensure that the conception of free will of Jonathan Edwards is that of Reformed theology. The Arminianists deny the concept of free will of Reformed theology. They overestimate the free will of man and weaken the sovereignty of God. They believe that the will of man itself is self-determinating. It is also considered that the will can act in neutral state. Watts agrees with the Arminianists and insists on the concept of free will to support their discussion. He believes that the will can determine by itself without any influences from external conditions or prior causes. Willingness of will means the will itself which makes some decisions not from any previous decisions or environment but from purely neutral state. This is to recognize the absolute sovereignty of the will of man rather than the sovereignty of God. Especially in the salvation of men, they deny the sovereignty of God by emphasizing the free will of man. According to Edwards, there can be no absolute neutrality because a person has feelings and will. Motivation is essential in making any decisions. The will itself can not make any decisions. God stresses that the will of man and all his free activities are under His sovereign history. Calvin considers that the sovereignty of God and the free will of man can be compatible. Especially when it comes to salvation, it is a matter of God’s sovereignty and will. The free will and his own determination of man can not bring any salvation. In the article, I would like to find how Jonathan Edwards refutes Watts’ free will argument and explains God’s sovereignty and human will are compatible.

학교도서관 이용자 만족도 조사에 대한 학교도서관 전문인력의 인식에 대한 연구

강미진(Mi-Jin Kang) 한국독서교육연구학회 2019 한국독서교육학회지 Vol.6 No.1

이 연구는 학교도서관 이용자 만족도 조사에 대하여 전문인력이 배치되어 있는 학교도서관에서 이용자 만족도 조사에 대한 실행 여부와 학교도서관 현실에 맞는 표준설문도구의 필요성에 대해 파악하고자 하였다. 연구결과 학교도서관 이용자 만족도 조사를 실시하고 있는 학교도서관 중 33.3%가 실시하지 있고 66.7%가 실시하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이용자 만족도 조사에 대해 미실시 이유로는 표준화된 설문도구의 부재가 56.9%로 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 이 연구의 분석 결과를 토대로 학교도서관의 서비스 품질 개선을 위해서는 학교도서관의 전문 인력의 의견을 적극 반영한 표준화된 설문도구의 개발을 제안하였다. In this study, whether the school library’s user satisfaction survey should be performed for user satisfaction surveys at the school library where the experts are located and the need for a standard questionnaire tool that matches the school library’s reality I tried to understand about. Research results It was found that 33.3% of school libraries conducting satisfaction surveys of school library users conducted it, and 66.7% did not. It was also found that the absence of a standardized questionnaire tool had the most impact at 56.9% for reasons not yet implemented for user satisfaction surveys. Based on the analysis results of this research, in order to improve the service quality of the school library, we proposed the development of a standardized questionnaire tool that actively reflected the opinions of the specialists of the school library.

주어의 수에 따른 동사 형태 일치의 오류: 몰입교육 EFL 초등학생을 중심으로

강미진(Mi jin Kang),배정옥(Jung ok Bae) 현대문법학회 2017 현대문법연구 Vol.95 No.-

The present study investigates several syntactic structures in which subject-verb agreement errors occur. The study analyzed free writing samples written by 104 elementary school students enrolled in a partial English immersion school. In the writing samples, errors in the subject-verb agreement were found in the following categories: (a) subject + verb; (b) coordinated subjects + verb; (c) subject + coordinated verbs; and (d) expletive ‘there’ + ‘be’ verb. Errors in the ‘subject + verb’ structure with no modifying phrases in-between were the most prominent. The second most frequent errors were found in the ‘subject + coordinated verbs’ structure. The results provide useful implications for English teachers dealing with the persistent errors in the subject-verb agreement.

소아 천식 환자 기도과민성에서 TNF-α-308G/A와 IL-13 +2044G/A의 유전자 상호작용

강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),김효빈 ( Hyo Bin Kim ),진현승 ( Hyun Seung Jin ),이소연 ( So Yeon Lee ),김자형 ( Ja Hyung Kim ),장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),홍수종 ( Soo Jong Hong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2007 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.27 No.2

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a pivotal pro-Inflammatory cytokine increased in the asthmatic airways. Also, interleukin (IL)-13 is a pivotal immunoregulatory cytokine in asthma pathogenesis. Objective: We assumed that there might be a synergistic effect between TNF-α and IL-13. We analyzed the genotypes of TNF-α and IL-13 polymorphisms in asthmatic patients and control groups, and investigated the association of asthma-related phenotypes with them. Method: We enrolled 719 asthmatic and 172 control children. Evaluated asthma phenotypes included pulmonary function test, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine and exercise. We analyzed the genotypes of TNF-α -308G/A and IL-13 +2044G/A polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Result: TNF-α polymorphism was associated with BHR to methacholine (P=0.026). Gene-gene interactions between TNF-α and IL-13 polymorphisms with heterozygote and homozygote of variant genotypes were associated with BHR to methacholine in asthma (P=0.008) and exercise-induced asthma (P=0.005) but were not associated with maximum % fall in FEV1 compared to those with homozygotes of common genotypes. Conclusion: TNF-α polymorphism was associated with BHR to methacholine. Gene-gene interactions between TNF-α and IL-13 polymorphisms were associated with BHR to methacholine. Therefore, TNF-α and IL-13 polymorphisms may show a synergistic effect in terms of BHR. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;27:98-104)

日韓映像飜譯の字幕についての一考察 -映畵とテレビニュ―スを中心に-

강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ) 한국일어일문학회 2011 日語日文學硏究 Vol.79 No.1

유아교사의 공감능력과 정서표현성이 전문성 발달에 미치는 영향

강미진(Kang, Mi-Jin),오재연(Oh, Jae-Yeon) 한국어린이미디어학회 2020 어린이미디어연구 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of early childhood teachers emotional competence and emotional expressivity on the development of early childhood teachers professionalism, so that early childhood teachers improve their professionalism and successfully perform their roles. For this purpose, this study examined the effects of earl childhood teachers’ emotional competence and emotional expressivity on their professional development with 311 early childhood teachers at 65 early childhood educational institutions located in Jeonnam and Jeonbuk provinces. From the results of analyzing the effects of early childhood teachers’ emotional competence and emotional expressivity on the positive emotional expressivity, negative emotional expressivity, cognitive empathy, and emotional empathy were fund to be effective for the overall professional development of early childhood teachers in the order. These results suggest that for the development of early childhood teachers professionalism, follow-up studies should be made on the relationship between early childhood teachers’ emotional competence and professional development, and the relationship between early childhood teachers’ emotional expressivity and professional development. 본 연구의 목적은 유아교사의 공감능력과 정서표현성이 유아교사의 전문성 발달에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 유아교사가 자신의 전문성을 향상시켜 성공적으로 자신의 역할을 수행하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 광주광역시와 전남·북에 소재한 65개 유아교육기관의 유아교사 311명을 대상으로 유아교사의 공감능력과 정서표현성이 유아교사의 전문성 발달에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 유아교사의 공감능력과 정서표현성이 유아교사의 전문성 발달에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 긍정 정서표현성, 부정 정서표현성, 인지적 공감과 정서적 공감 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 유아교사의 전문성 발달을 위해 유아교사의 공감능력과 전문성 발달간의 관계, 유아교사의 정서표현성과 전문성 발달간의 관계 등 후속연구가 이루어져야 함을 시사한다.

한국 소아 아토피 피부염 환아에서 IL-13(-1512A/C) 유전자다형의 관련성

김경원 ( Kyung Won Kim ),강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),김효빈 ( Hyo Bin Kim ),이소연 ( So Yeon Lee ),김남출 ( Nam Chul Kim ),장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),홍수종 ( Soo Jong Hong ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 2005 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.15 No.2

就職のための日本語授業の方案 - O大學のk-move授業の事例から-

임시은 ( Rim Si-eun ),강미진 ( Kang Mi-jin ) 한국일어교육학회 2018 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.45

近年、韓國では、就職難のため、日本での就職を希望する大學生が增えつつあり、政府も海外就職を希望する學生に對して、各敎育機關において經濟的な支援を行っている。しかし、實際、このような敎育コ一スに參加する學生の中には、日本語學習歷が短い、面接までの準備時間が足りないなど、樣々な問題を抱えている場合が多い。 このような狀況の中、本稿は、日本企業への就職に向けて、面接の準備を行ったO大學での日本語授業についての實踐報告である。面接のための日本語の授業は、科目が二つあり、日常會話に必要な語彙や文法の學習を中心とする「日本語會話」と、自己分析とともに面接に必要な表現を學習する「面接日本語」である。一つ目の「日本語會話」の主な活動は、敎材に出ている基本的な語彙や文型を學習し、それを使って應用して話したり、課題を解決することなどである。二つ目の「面接日本語」では、面接によく出る想定質問について、學習者が直接書いてみたり、發表するという活動を行った。 授業後に學習者の滿足度に關するアンケ一ト調査を行ったが、その結果、「日本語會話」の授業では、「話す」活動に焦点を置くことで、學習者が話す機會が多くなり、實生活で使える日本語が習えたことを有益な点として擧げており、「面接日本語」の授業では、面接に向けて、想定質問に對して書いてみることができ、よかったと述べている。また、面接において重要だと思われる点については、「日本語力」であると述べており、その中でも、「面接官の質問を聞いて理解し、自身の考えを答える能力」を擧げている。 今後、このような就職のための日本語の授業を行う際の對策として、總合的な日本語能力の養成、學習敎材の開發、日本語授業の時間の增大などが擧げられる。 In this paper, we report on two Japanese language classes prepared for job interviews in Japanese companies. The first one is "Japanese conversation", in which the beginner leaners do an activity to use the basic expression and sentence to apply and speak. The second part is the "Interview Japanese", in which the learners directly write down the expected questions that come out frequently in the interview. After the class, students were asked about the satisfaction of the class. In the "Japanese conversation" class, focusing on "speaking" activities, learners are more likely to speak, and learning Japanese that can be used in real life is beneficial. In the class of "Interview Japanese", it is said that the learner was able to write down the expected question in the interview. After actual interview, it is said that "Japanese ability" is considered to be the most important in business interview. In the future, there are some countermeasures to take for ’Japanese Interview’ class such as development of comprehensive Japanese language ability, development of learning materials, expansion of time for Japanese language classes.

성인 아토피피부염 환자에서 Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lcr35)의 면역학적 변화

이소연 ( So Yeon Lee ),이정용 ( Jung Yong Lee ),장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),송영화 ( Young Hwa Song ),김병주 ( Byoung Ju Kim ),김효빈 ( Hyo Bin Kim ),유진호 ( Jin Ho Yu ),홍수종 ( Soo Jong Hong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2008 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.28 No.2

Background: Probiotics have recently been reported as a means of the prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, detailed immune mechanisms involved in this effect remain speculative. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lcr35) on symptoms of atopic dermatitis and cytokines production in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs). Method: Lcr35 was given to 5 adult patients with mild AD (2 males and 3 females; median SCORAD score, 15.2) for 4 weeks. We examined the SCORAD score and blood samples obtained in the initial, second, fourth and eighth weeks. We observed changes in production of IL-4, IFN-γ and IL-10 as well as responses to cell proliferation after stimulating PBMCs with Con-A. Result: There was no relevant significance in the SCORAD score before and after the treatment. PBMC proliferation was inhibited in the second and fourth weeks and was restored 1 month after the cessation of medication. IL-4 was decreased after the medication and persistently decreased after the cessation. IFN-γ was increased in the second week but decreased in the fourth week. IL-10 was increased in the second week (P=0.008) and showed variant patterns in the fourth week. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Lcr35 supplementation appears to modify cytokine production in PBMCs of AD patients. Further studies are needed to confirm this conclusion. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;28:128-133)

IL-13 +2044G/A Polymorphism 과 소아천식의 관련성 및 그 기능 연구

김효빈 ( Hyo Bin Kim ),이소연 ( So Yeon Lee ),진현승 ( Hyun Seung Jin ),김자형 ( Ja Hyeong Kim ),김봉성 ( Bong Seong Kim ),강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),홍수종 ( Soo Jong Hong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2006 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.26 No.4

Background: The IL-13 +2044G/A is known to be associated with increased serum total IgE levels and asthma development. Variant type of IL-13 was significantly more active than wild type in inducing CD23 expression in monocytes. Objective: We investigated the association of asthma susceptibility and asthma-related phenotypes with +2044G/A and the functional difference between wild (+2044G, R110) and variant types (+2044A, Q110). Method: We enrolled 358 atopic asthmatic, 81 non-atopic asthmatic, and 146 control children and evaluated total IgE and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Genotypes were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. We applied wild and variant types of IL-13 to B cells and evaluated CD23 expression by flow cytometry. Result: The group with more than one variant alleles of +2044G/A was associated with asthma development, but not with increased total IgE levels than those with wild homozygote in children with asthma. When Q110 was applied to peripheral blood B cells of normal subjects and EBV-transformed B cells from children with atopic asthma, CD23 expressions was higher than those when R110 applied. Conclusion: IL-13 +2044G/A was associated with asthma development in Korean children with asthma, but not with total IgE. In addition, Q110 enhanced CD23 expression on B cells. These findings suggest that IL-13 +2044A (Q110) polymorphism may play a role in asthma development or IgE production. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;26:271-276)