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김용화,주기산,서영환,조경상,김상도,정춘해 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1992 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.17 No.2
Pleural effusion in a patient with multiple myeloma due to plasma cell involvement of the pleura has been reported infrequently. We report a case of multiple myeloma with pleural involvement presenting bone pain and dyspnea in a 69-year-o1d woman. On the physical examination, the patient looked chronically ill with bedridden state. There was a palpable mass on the left posterior lower chest, firm but not tender and decreased breathing sound in the left lower lung. Laboratory finding revealed amemia, elevation of ESR, globulin, and calcium. X-ray of the chest showed pleural effusion in the left lower lung, and multiple pathologic fractures in the both ribs. X-ray of the skull, and pelvis revealed multiple punched-out osteolytic fractures in the both ribs. X-ray of the skull, and pelvis revealed multiple punched-out osteolytic lesion, and compression fracture in the lumber spine. Serum and urine electrophoresis revealed a M-spike. Serum and urine immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated an IgA-kappa monoclonal protein. Thoracentesis revealed serosanguinous fluid but not containing atypical plasma cells. Bone marrow examination showed 16.7% of immature plasma cells. With first cycle of melphalan, prednisone chemotherapy, improvement of pain and disappearance of pleural effusion was observed.
김용화 호남대학교 1997 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.18 No.3
The governmental forms of modern free democracies are classified roughly into the presidential system, the parliamentary system and thecompromise system. The government of the U. S. is characterized as the presidential system under the doctrine of separation of powers, or checks and balances. This article describes the origin and development of the presidency of the U. S. is analyzed. Especially, how the presidential system under the “checks and balances.”was adopted in the Constitutional Convention in 1787, and later development of status and power of the president in the American government are described in details. In chapter Ⅵ, current controversies on the presidential government in the U. S. is reviewed. Problems such as “divided government” and "too frequent elections" and "federal system" are analyzed. Though the present system has many defects as were contended by reformists. it is also true that there is nofail-proof alternative, and any reform is difficult to bring due to the difficulty of constitutional amendment. Our country has been operating the presidential system during about five decades since its founding until the Sixth Republic, except the Parliamentary system for the Second Republic. But it is not the true presidential system so much as the presidential system seasoned with the parliamentary factors. Probably the most curious fact in Korea is that though past experience in presidential government system only turned out to be failure, most people of Korea still adhere to the presidential system.
金龍華 호남대학교 1986 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.7 No.1
Hier sind insbesondere die folenden als die wichtigsten Probleme untersucht und analysiert worden : 1) revolutionare Vorgange in Jahre 1918 und die Regierungen unter dem Ratsystem, 2) Zusammensetzung der Verfassunggebenden deutschen Nationalversammlung und die Gestaltung der Notverfassung, 3) Verkundigung der neuen Verfassung des deutschen Reiches Vom 11. Ang. 1919, 4) Charakter und Inhalte der Weimarer Verfassung. Zusammenfassend sind die folgenden Grundzuge der Weimarer Verfassung bemerkenswert: 1) unitarische Neigungen und der Zusammenbruch der Partikularismus, 2) die Schwierigkeit des deutschen Parlamentarismus wegen der Zersplitterung der Parteien und des Miβlingens der Unmittelbaren Demokratie, 3) das Versagen des Parlamentarismus und die daraus folgende Prasidialdiktatur auf Grund des Art, 48. 4) machtvakuum und ein starkes Ansteigen des Nationaldozialismus.