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김도형 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 2002 한국문화연구 Vol.3 No.-
The field of modern Korean history had to overcome premodern perspectives and systems of historiography as well as the colonial historiography from the Japanese colonal period. It attempted to discard chronologies and other earlier methods of historiography for narratives that were oriented more towards human relationships where the nation and people were the subject of history. Those peopie the base of modern historical studies were ‘reformed Confucianists’ (kaesin yuhak cha) who were active during the time of the Great Han Empire. Their modern reform theories could be called pyonbop ron(變法論) or legal reform theories. They attempted to modernize by adopting modern political theories that they then applied to a foundation based on traditional culture informed by Confucianism. In this respect,although they were inclined towards complete Westernization, their ideas of modernization differed from other enlightenment theories Their compromise between new learning and old learning, which formed the basis of their reform ideas, also attached great importance to the writing of history. At the time, this system of modern historiography was presented as ‘new history’(sinsa).They pointed out the deficiencies of historical methods as they compiled numerous histories written by Japanese. The Japanese perspective on Korean history permeated these works. Advocates of pyonbop theories who believed in the need for a nationalist approach to historical writing were harshly critical of this aspect and instead turned their focus to the historical studies of sirhak (‘practical learning’) scholars. Critical of Sino-centric approaches to history, they stressed ‘national history’ (kuksa) and carried on a tradition of evidential analysis using primary documents. The kyemong enlightenment movement that unfolded after 1905 was a movement that targeted serf-strengthening and the reclamation of national rights. Although education and industrial development was deemed necessary for self-strengthening, they also emphasized mental and spiritual elements, such as concepts of a fatherland (choguk chongsin), national spirit (kukhon), and national characteristics (kuksu). They attempted to develop national spirit and patriotism through the writing of national history, a kind of historiography that was spearheaded by none other than pyonbop theorists such as Pak Un-sik(朴殷植, 1859-1925), Sin Chae-ho(申采浩, 1880-1936) and others. Criticizing the historical writing that held China in such high esteem, they promoted the importance of national history, with particular emphasis its heroes and historical writing about heroes who triumphed over foreign invasion. By 1910, the limitations to self-strengthening and productivity theories were increasingly apparent, causing a rift within the enlightenment movement itself. Among those, Pak Un-sik and Sin Chae-ho arrived at their own distinct interpretations of the true nature of Social Darwinist theories and the despotic nature of imperialism, and came to view the new citizen (sin kungmin) and the people (kungmin) as the subjects of history. While also pointing out the mistakes of Confucianism, upon which they had been dependant, they instead emphasized Tangun and traditional religions that put forth a new historical paradigm centered on Tangun, Koguryo and Parhae. Actively pursuing such historical research in the 1910s, they presented nationalism in terms of preservation of national characteristics while they groped for new alternatives to the national movement. Into the 1920s, as theories of national spirit and national characteristics were fused together with new concepts, a modern nationalist historiography emerged. Stressing humanism and equality among citizens, they viewed the masses as a solution to the national problem. Even though Pak Un-siks The Bloody History of the Korean Independence Movement(『韓國獨立運動之血史)), written in 1920, continued to advocate national spirit, after World War I and the Russian Revolution, his historical writings focused increasingly on worldwide changes and the issue of nation and the people. Sin Chae-ho also presented a historical theory based on the struggle between the self(我) and the non-self(非我), claiming that indigenous morals was a foreign concept and arguing that the national problem had to be understood from the perspective of the masses. This ultimately formed the foundation of modern Korean historiography.
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Low-value Fish used as Feed is a Source of Disease in Farmed Fish
김도형 한국수산과학회 2015 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.18 No.2
Low-value fish is the most commonly used feed in Asian fish farms despite the fact that its application is controversial in regard to the sustainability and biosecurity of aquaculture. In this study, the causal agent of a disease outbreak at a Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli farm was investigated to determine whether the low-value fish used at the farm was the source. Infected Korean rockfish and Pacific sand eel used as feed were sampled from the farm, and bacterial cultures recovered from the internal organs of all sampled rockfish were isolated as pure cultures and later identified as Vibrio harveyi. The causal agent of the disease was also isolated from the kidneys of some of the sampled Pacific sand eels. This study provides additional evidence that the low-value fish used as feed at fish farms can be a key source of infectious diseases.
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논리 프로그램의 병렬 수행에서 재초기화 알고리즘의 정확성 증명을 위한 참조 집합 : 직관적 접근
김도형,최광무(Do-Hyung Kim),Kwang-Moo Choe 한국정보과학회 1996 정보과학회논문지(B) Vol.23 No.3
논리 프로그램(logic program)의 병렬 수행 시, 중요한 작업 중의 하나인 재초기화(resetting)를 수행하기 위한 알고리즘들의 정확성(correctness) 증명을 위한 기준을 제시한다. 많은 연구자들이 논리 프로그램의 병렬 수행을 위한 수행 모형을 제안한 바 있고, 그것과 관련하여 재초기화를 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 알고리즘들을 제시하였다. 그러나 그 알고리즘들이 올바르게 작동하는 지에 대해서는 분명한 언급이 없는 경우가 많았다. 본 논문에서는 정확성에 대한 판단을 내릴 수 있는 기준을 도출한다. 이 도출 과정은 직관적으로 보아 명백한 사실에 대한 관찰로부터 유도되는 식으로 이루어진다. 도출된 정확성 판단 기준에 근거하여 기존의 재초기화 방법들을 점검하고, 보다 효율적이라고 판단되는 재초기화 방법도 서술한다. A criterion for the correctness proof of resetting algorithms in parallel execution of logic programs is suggested in the paper. Many researchers have proposed various execution models to exploit parallelism in logic programs, thus various algorithms to handle resetting efficiently. It is, however, hardly mentioned whether those algorithms are "really" correct in every case. In this paper, we devise a yardstick which may serve for probing the correctness of resetting algorithms. This criterion is derived from observations that are intuitively clear. According to the derived criteria, we analytically review existing schemes for resetting, and describe another new resetting method which seems to be more efficient than others.
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김도형,이수현,이병희 물리치료재활과학회 2019 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.8 No.1
Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify whether cutaneous sensory (CS) changes induced by mechanical intervention (MI) increases the trigger point threshold of the same spinal segment as well as to investigate the relationship between the amounts of change in CS pressure pain thresholds (PPT). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty-nine persons with myofacial pain (MFP) were recruited in this experiment. The subjects consisted of 20 men and 19 women (age 20-39). MI was applied on the subjects using the Graston technique for 5 minutes to induce CS changes. The CS changes were measured with sensory tests by using the Von Frey Filament, and PPT changes were estimated by using the pressure threshold meter. For the observation of sensory and PPT changes with time, the test was conducted for 15 minutes including a pre, post, and after intervention session. Results: CS threshold increased significantly when MI was applied (p<0.001). On the same spinal segment, changes in the right infraspinatus PPT was observed (p<0.001) but the PPT changes in other muscles were not significantly different. Furthermore, the control group CS and PPT were not significantly different. In addition, regression analysis showed that the CS changes have a larger impact on PPT in the same spinal segment (p<0.001). Conclusions: CS changes induced by MI make to change PPT on the same spinal segment. In other words, it is possible to identify PPT changes following CS changes except for the muscle which belongs to a different spinal segment. Therefore, application of MI is necessary for the CS changes in the same spinal segment. Furthermore, it can be useful in the clinical fields as a method of providing pain control and increasing the PPT.
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김도형,우영아,김효진 대한약학회 2003 약학회지 Vol.47 No.5
Near-infrared (NIR) system was used to determine rapidly and simply indomethacin in buffer solution for a dissolution test of tablets and capsules. Indomethacin standards were prepared ranging from 10 to 50 ppm using the mixture of phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) and water (1 : 4). The near-infrared (NIR) transmittance spectra of indomethacin standard solutions were collected by using a quartz cell in 1 mm and 2 mm pathlength. Partial least square regression (PLSR) was explored to develop calibration models over the spectral range 1100∼1700 nm. The model using 1 mm quartz cell was better than that using 2 mm quartz cell. The PLSR models developed gave standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.858 ppm. In order to validate the developed calibration model, routine analysis was performed using another standard solutions. The NIR routine analysis showed good correlation with actual values. Standard error of prediction (SEP) is 1.414 ppm for 7 indomethacin samples in routine analysis and its error was permeable in the regulation of Korean Pharmacopoeia (VII). These results show the potential use of the real time monitoring for indomethacin during a dissolution test.
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