감염근관에서 Black-Pigmented Bacteria의 동정에 대한 연구

권은경,김은숙,곽주석,이황,이수종,임미경 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.1

Black-pigmented bacteria have been implicated in the endodontic infections. This group of microorganisms includes Porphyromonass endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingicalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigresceus. The organisms display a wide variety of virulence factors that may be pertinent to acute endodontic infections. The aim of this study was to identify P.endodontalis, P.gingivalis, P.intermedia, and P.nigrescens by using special potency disk test, filter paper spot test, 16S rRNA gene-directed PCR, and API 32A. Microbial samples were collected from root canals of 33 intact teeth with necrotic pulp and/or apical periodontitis. Conventional laboratory methods were used for identification of the strains of black pigmented bacteria. Eighteen of 33 samples were positive for the growth of black-pigmented bacteria. Five colonies were cultured from each pure cultured colonies from Brucella agar plate. Seventy seven colonies were positive for the growth of black-pigmented bacteria. Thirty three of 77(42.6%) were identifed as P.nigrescens, 10 of 77(12.9%) were P.gingivalis, 6 of 77(7.8%) were P.endodontalis, 10 of 77(12.9%) were P.intermedia. On the contraty the reference strains of P.nigrescens, experimental strains of P.nigrescens was sensitive to kanamycin in special potency disk test. 16S rRNA gene PCR and API test after rapid presumptative identification methods. such as special potency disk test and filter paper spot test, would be accurate detection methods for black-pigmented bacteria.

소비자의 의류쇼핑동기유형과 점포에 관한 연구 : 선호점포와 점포분위기 Preferred Stores and Store Atmosphere

박수경,임숙자 한국의류학회 1996 한국의류학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study intends to ascertain the importance of store atmosphere when construcing store marketing strategies for store differentiation. And it is studied by classifying consumer groups according to clothing shopping motivations, comparing store atmosphere assessment and emotion response of preferred stores, and analyzing the influence store atmosphere has on store preference or impulsive purchase. The subject of this study are women in their twenties living in Seoul, 255 career women and 233 college students totaling 458, and model sampling is done by convenient sampling taking into account the type of their occupation and major. Modified survey based on references and former studies is used, and using SAS packages, methods. The results of data analysis are as follows. 1. Consumer groups are classified into the following four subdivisions: shopping involvement, leisure pursuit, financial, and shopping unconcern group. The stores women in twenties use most frequently for shopping are department stores, speciality stores, common market, discount stores, and wholesale markets, and significant difference are shown between consumer groups. 2. Consumer responses for store atmosphere preferences are shown significantly among groups when concerned with store preferences. 3. Images of store atmosphere as factor analyzed into environment factor, kindness factor, and decoration factor. Environment factor is most highly estimated in speciality stores, kindness factor in department stores, and decoration factor in common markets. 4. Leisure pursuit group is assessed to be most influenced by store atmosphere in store selection, impulsive purchase, and after-purchase shopping behavior, and impulsive purchase is shown highly in department stores and speciality stores.

건강보험에서 5인 미만 사업장의 직장보험 편입 효과 평가와 정책 방향

송명섭,김창보,고수경,임정수,박지연 한국사회보장학회 2002 사회보장연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 논문은 건강보험공단이 2001년 「월 이후 추진하고 있는 5인 미만 사려장의 직장보험 편입을 평가하고 향후 정책방향을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 5인 미만 사업장의 직장보험 편입은 보험 가입자의 보험료 부과의 형평성을 제고하고, 영세사업장 노동자들의 보험료 부담을 경감시키며 건강보험재정 안정 효과를 위한 것이다. 2001년 7월 이후 12월 31일까지 직장보험으로 신규편입한 대상자는 모두 약 64만명이었으나 편입이전지역보험 대상자는 약 53만명, 직장보험 대상자는 약 10만명이었다. 또한 동일 기간동안 직장보험으로 편입된 사업장은 모두 88,751개였다. 편입 전후 개인별 보험료 수준 변화를 살펴보면 보험료 부과대상 중 77.6%는 본인이 부담해야 할 보험료가 감소하였다. 대신 사업주의 보험료 부담은 상대적으로 늘어났다. 한편 2001년 7월 이후 12월까지 직장보험 편입으로 건강보험의 재정은 약 19,530백만원의 재정절감효과가 있었다. 직장보험은 7,331백만원의 보험료 수입 증가가 발생하였으며, 지역보험은 12,199백만원의 재정절감 효과가 있었다. 향후 5인 미만 사업장의 직장보험 편입이 원만히 추진되기 위해서는 피부양자 인정기준의 개선과 영세사업장 사업주의 보험료 부담을 경감시켜주기 위한 방안을 강구해야 하며, 사회적으로는 비정규직 노동자에 대한 사회보장 적용 확대를 위한 노력이 동시에 추구되어야 할 것이다. This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluating coverage of small companies with less than 5 persons by Corporate Insurance since July 2001 and of suggesting policy implication. This coverage expansion by Corporate Insurance was intended for improving equity level of contribution imposition, alleviating financial burden of employees and achieving financial stability of health insurance. While, from July 2001 to December, the number of newly covered beneficiaries was about 642 thousand persons, the number of Regional beneficiaries before the new coverage expansion by Corporate Insurance was 533 thousand persons. And the number of Corporate Insurance beneficiaries before the coverage expansion was 101 thousand persons. For the same period, the number of companies by the new coverage expansion of Corporate Insurance was 88,751. Before and after the expansion, taking into account changes of individual contribution levels, payment share levels of contribution were reduced to the 77.6% of the beneficiaries newly covered by Corporate Insurance. Instead, payment share level of contribution of employers was increased more than before. And 19,530 million won was increased in National Health Insurance Expenditure. 7,331million won was increased in Corporate Insurance revenue. Expenditure reduction effect of 12,199 million won was able to be obtained in Regional Insurance. In order to implement successfully the coverage expansion by Corporate Insurance in times ahead, employers' contribution share should be reduced, when considering low profitability levels of small companies.

SIMULATION OF LIQUID AND GAS PHASE CHARACTERISTICS OF AERATED-LIQUID JETS IN QUIESCENT AND CROSS FLOW CONDITIONS

Kyoung-Su Im,Zeng-Chan Zhang,Grant Cook Jr.,Ming-ChiaLai,Mun Soo Chon 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.1

The simulation of the liquid- and gas-phase properties of aerated-liquid jets in various quiescent and cross flow conditions are presented in the study. For simplicity, water is used as the liquid for all test conditions. The effect of various air-to-liquid ratios under super-sonic cross flow conditions are simulated and compared to experimental conditions, which is taken in the supersonic wind tunnel with a dimension of 762 × 152 × 127 mm. An injector with an orifice diameter of 0.5 mm is used both in a non-aerated and aerated injection into a supersonic cross flow prescribed by the momentum flux ratio of the liquid jet to free stream air, q0. The initial conditions of the spray calculation were estimated from internal flow simulation using VOF and X-ray data. The conservation-element and solution-element (CE/SE) method, a novel numerical framework for general conservation law, is applied to simulate the compressible flow. The effect of degree of aeration, breakup, and mixing of the liquid spray are demonstrated. The spray penetration height and average droplet size along with a spray penetration axis are quantitatively compared with data. The shock train flow structures induced by the presence of a liquid jet are further discussed.

Spray Characteristics on the Electrostatic Rotating Bell Applicator

Im, Kyoung-Su,Lai, Ming-Chia,Yoon, Suck-Ju The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.12

The current trend in automotive finishing industry is to use more electrostatic rotating bell (ESRB) need space to their higher transfer efficiency. The flow physics related with the transfer efficiency is strongly influenced by operating parameters. In order to improve their high transfer efficiency without compromising the coating quality, a better understanding is necessary to the ESRB application of metallic basecoat painting for the automobile exterior. This paper presents the results from experimental investigation of the ESRB spray to apply water-borne painting. The visualization, the droplet size, and velocity measurements of the spray flow were conducted under the operating conditions such as liquid flow rate, shaping airflow rate, bell rotational speed, and electrostatic voltage setting. The optical techniques used in here were a microscopic and light sheet visualization by a copper vapor laser, and a phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) system. Water was used as paint surrogate for simplicity. The results show that the bell rotating speed is the most important influencing parameter for atomization processes. Liquid flow rate and shaping airflow rate significantly influence the spray structure. Based on the microscopic visualization, the atomization process occurs in ligament breakup mode, which is one of three atomization modes in rotating atomizer. In the spray transport zone, droplets tend to distribute according to size with the larger drops on the outer periphery of spray. In addition, the results of present study provide detailed information on the paint spray structure and transfer processes.

Spray Characteristics on the Electrostatic Rotating Bell Applicator

Kyoung-Su Im,Ming-Chia Lai,Suck-Ju Yoon 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.12

The current trend in automotive finishing industry is to use more electrostatic rotating bell (ESRB) need space to their higher transfer efficiency. The flow physics related with the transfer efficiency is strongly influenced by operating parameters. In order to improve their high transfer efficiency without compromising the coating quality, a better understanding is necessary to the ESRB application of metallic basecoat painting for the automobile exterior. This paper presents the results from experimental investigation of the ESRB spray to apply water-borne painting. The visualization, the droplet size, and velocity measurements of the spray flow were conducted under the operating conditions such as liquid flow rate, shaping airflow rate, bell rotational speed, and electrostatic voltage setting. The optical techniques used in here were a microscopic and light sheet visualization by a copper vapor laser, and a phase Doppler particle analyzer (POPA) system. Water was used as paint surrogate for simplicity. The results show that the bell rotating speed is the most important influencing parameter for atomization processes. Liquid flow rate and shaping airflow rate significantly influence the spray structure. Based on the microscopic visualization, the atomization process occurs in ligament breakup mode. which is one of three atomization modes in rotating atomizer. In the spray transport zone, droplets tend to distribute according to size with the larger drops on the outer periphery of spray. In addition, the results of present study provide detailed information on the paint spray structure and transfer processes.

PDE 응용을 위한 H<SUB>2</SUB>-O<SUB>2</SUB>-Ar 혼합물에서의 직접 기폭 과정에 대한 수치 해석

임경수(Kyoung Su Im),김창기(Chang Kee Kim),황준식(Jun Sik Hwang) 한국추진공학회 2003 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.10

S-217 : Coronary artery spasm in a patient with iatrogenic hyperthyroidism

( Yoon Kyoung Kim ),( In Kyoung Shim ),( Jung Ho Heo ),( Kyoung Im Cho ),( Hyun Su Kim ),( Jae Woo Lee ),( Tae Joon Cha ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Case We report the first case of coronary artery spasm with iatrogenic hyperthyroidism in Korea. Hyperthyroidism is a rare cause of coronary artery spasm and most of them is associated grave`s disease. Coronary artery spasm with iatrogenic hyperthyroidism is very rare. A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our cardiology department with resting chest pain. She was treated with L-thyroxin (dose 0.15 mg/day) for hypothyroidism because she underwent total thyroidectomy due to thyroid papillary cancer 10 months ago. She had been never smoke and alcohol. Her ECG was no significant change comparing with the ECG 10 months ago. Coronary angiography showed diffuse spasm in the right artery after intravenous ergonovine injection,which resolved with intracoronary nitrate application. Laboratory data showed the following: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was undetectable < 0.004 μIU/mL (normal range: 0.35-5.5 μIU/mL), Free T4 was 2.28 ng/dL (normal range: 0.78-1.54 ng/dL), T3 was 148.21 ng/dL (65-150 ng/dL). She was subsequently diagnosed with hyperthyroidism secondary to L-thyroxine which is thought to be the cause of the coronary spasm. Symptoms resolved upon treatment with diltiazem and isosorbide mononitrate. She was stable at the 2-year follow-up.

Antibacterial and Cell-Adhesive Nanotubular Titania Layer by Coating of Tetracycline Combined with Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid)

Su-Yeon Im,Seung-Kyun Moon,Jae-Sung Kwon,Kyoung-Nam Kim 대한치과재료학회 2012 대한치과기재학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

Synthesis of Metallic Gold Colored α-Al₂O₃ Nanoplate-TiO₂ Core-Shell Pigments with Robust and Photo-Stable Smooth TiO₂ Shell

( Su Jin Lee ),( Myoung Sang You ),( Jin Kyoung Park ),( Bum Jun Park ),( Sang Hyuk Im ) 한국공업화학회 2020 공업화학 Vol.31 No.4

To synthesize non-corrosive metallic gold colored α-Al₂O₃ nanoplate-TiO₂ core-shell pigments with controlled roughness, we systematically checked the morphological variation of the TiO₂ shell with the mole ratio of TiCl₄ and NaOH from 1 : 1 to 1 : 1.5, 1 : 2, 1 : 2.5, 1 : 3, 1 : 3.5, and 1 : 4. The more increased mole ratio of TiCl₄ and NaOH resulted in the smoother TiO₂ shell due to the promoted formation of anatase TiO₂ than that of the rutile one. By the heat-treatment of pigments at 500 ℃, we could improve the adhesiveness between TiO₂ shell and α-Al₂O₃ nanoplates without changing their topology and roughness. In addition, the α-Al₂O₃ nanoplate with the robust TiO₂ by heat-treatment exhibited comparable photo-stability against photo-catalytic degradation by UV exposure compared with the commercially available α-Al₂O₃/TiO₂ lustering pigment.