슬라이딩 섹터를 갖은 가변구조제어를 이용한 추적제어

배상현,한종길,손영수 朝鮮大學校 電子情報通信硏究所 2003 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.2

제어이론의 중요한 문제는 유한시간 안에 정해진 수준의 오차 안에서 상태가 원하는 궤적을 따라 이동하도록 플렌트를 제어하는 것이다. 본 논문은 슬라이딩 섹터를 이용한 새로운 추적제어 방식을 제안하며, 슬라이딩 섹터에 라아프노프 함수를 이용하여 안정도를 분석한다. 시스템에 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안한 슬라이딩 섹터 제어가 채티링을 줄일 수 있는 것을 확인한다. A problem of major importance in control theory is that of controlling the plant in order to have the state tracking a specific reference trajectory within a prescribed level of tracking error in a finite time. In this paper, new methods of the tracking control using the sliding sector is proposed. This paper analyzes the stability, using Lyapunov function on the sliding sector. Through the computer simulations for the system, it is verified that sliding sector control is capable to reduce the chattering.

요통환자에서 경막외 주사 효과의 평가Modified Dallas Pain Questionnaire를 중심으로

김종철,김현배,김미정,이상건 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.1

국내 토양오염 및 광주광역시 토양오염의 통합적인 정량화에 따른 중금속의 변화

배종필,안건상,신인현 조선대학교 사범대학 부설 교과교육연구소 2001 敎科敎育硏究 Vol.4 No.1

이 연구는 국내 토양오염과 광주광역시 토양 오염도의 통합적인 정량화에 따른 중금속의 변화에 관한 연구이다. 연구결과 국내의 토양오염과 광주광역시의 토양 오염도의 정도는 1998, 1999, 및 2000년을 비교하여 본 결과 공장요지 및 철도 용지에서는 카드뮴, 구리, 납의 오염도가 다른 토지용도에 비하여 높게 나타난 것이 특징적이며, 광주광역시는 1998및 1999년도를 비교하여 본 결과 구리와 비소만이 약간 증가하였고 나머지 중금속들은 감소하였다. 광주광역시는 하남공단과 본촌공단 내에서의 유류 유출은 없는 것으로 판단되며, 밭 토양에서 약간의 유류가 검출되었는데 이는 주변의 주유소의 영향으로 생각되어진다.그러나 전국적인 평균에 비한다면 아주 청정한 토양이다. 전반적으로 토양오염 측정망이 가동된 기간이 매우 짧아서 정확한 판단을 내리기는 어려우나 납의 변화량이 가장 큰 변위를 나타내는데 측정망 원년에 가장 높은 수치를 나타내며 1998년에 약간 감소하다 1999년에 상승하고 2000년에는 다시 감소한는 경향을 보이고 있다. 카드뮴은 증가 추세를 보이고 있고 수은과 시안은 감소 추세를 보이고 있다. This study is a change of heavy metals according to integrative fixed quantity on soil pollution level in domestic area and Gwangju city. As a result of the study which compared with the 1998,1999 and 2000 years data, it is characterized that Cd, Cu, Pb, pollution level of national and GwangJu metropolitan city in factiry sites and railway sites are higher than other sites. The study also showed that only Cu and As were slightly increased and other heavy metals was decreased. It is believed that there is no evidence of oil spill pollution in Hanam and Bonchon industrial complex of Gwangju city. But some oil was detected by chemical analysis in field area, it is thought as the effect of gas stations in the neighborhood. On the whole it is difficult to make an accurate conclusion because of the very short term of operating soil pollution survey net. The change amount of lead shows the biggest displacement. It shows the highest figure the first year of survey, and it has a little decline in 1998. The figure goes up in 1999, and drops again in 2000. Cd is on an increasing trend, but Hg and CN is the opposite situation.

TCP 상호간 트랙픽 측정 및 분석

현종배,양태천 경성대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.21 No.2

In this paper, we analyze the performance of TCP Reno and TCP Vegas using a simulator X-sim. Also we analyze the performance of TCP Vegas according to the boundary value αand β.

경량건축 자재에 관한 연구 : 화산분출물-Fly ash-수재계의 기포콘크리트에 관하여 On manufacturing cellular concretes with volcanoc ejects-fly ash-granulated slag systems

배원태,신현택,장재욱,박종옥 국립 경상대학교 공과대학 부설 첨단소재연구소 1993 尖端素材 Vol.3 No.-

이 연구는 화산 분출물(스코리아 또는 송지암)-Fly ash- 슬래그 시멘트계의 경량콘크리트에 관한 실험실적인 연구이다. 발포제로서 Al분말을 사용하였고, 고압수열 양생조건은 185℃-13hrs.이다. 이 연구에서 경화체의 성질은 부피비중, 겉보기 밀도, 겉보기 비중, 흡수율, 압축강도, 꺽임강도, 열전도율, 미세조직 관찰 및 생성물을 구명하였다. 최고 압축강도를 갖는 기포콘크리트는 41kg/㎠이었고 그배합비는 화산분출물(scolia) : 플라이 애쉬 : 슬래그 시멘트 : 석고 =15 : 5 : 79 : 1이었다. 미세구조관찰에서 크고 작은 풀입상의 결정을 보여주었다. 이때의 강도중진에 기여하는 β-C₂S, CSH 와 11Å tobermorite 이었다. This paper deals with the experimental investigation for manufacturing the lightweight building materials with volcanic ejecta -fly ash-portland slag cement. Alumina powder was added an aerating agent. Autoclaving condition was 185℃-13hr. These properties studied by means of bulk density, apparent density, apparent porosity, water absorption, compressive strength, modulus of rupture, thermal conductivity, S.E.M. and X-ray diffraction analysis. The cellular concrete with maximum compressive strength, 41Kg/㎠, was obtained by volcanic ejecta(scolia)-fly ash -portland slag cement : gypsum-15 : 5 : 79 : 1. The shape of specimens showed small of large size thin long grassleafs. In this case of autoclave curing, hydration product were β-C₂S, CSH and and 11Å tobermorite, which were considered to the increase of strength.

아파트 외관디자인의 다양화를 위한 경제적 특성에 관한 연구(Ⅱ)

배준현,이종협 동양대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 東洋大學校 産業技術硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

Concerning environmental design, mass produced apartment does not express identity, that plays an significant role in community, and the exterior design of an apartment housing is important since the housing design affectsthe residents'life. In recent, there is an effort to creak diversification in apartment housing design following competition winning projects. To produce diverse apartment housing appearance, "combination among different dwelling unit vertical combination" by protrusion and subsidence of units should be studied and there should be more researches regarding economics and construction of apartment housing.

슬라이딩 섹터에 근거한 제어기 설계

배상현,손영수,한종길 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2001 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.2

A sliding sector is defined as a subset the state space, inside which some norm of state decreases with zero control input. The variable structure controller with sliding sector is designed to transfer the system state from the outside to the inside of the sliding sector in a finite time and enable the system state stay inside the sliding sector, and the resulted VS control system is quadratically stable. The simulation results are its effectiveness.

일부 생산직 여성근로자들의 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

김종배,이경재,박종안,한성현 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The results of this study will be provided for basic data to develop health management program. This study is to explain working condition of female labor workers and their health behavior, and to identify the affecting factors on their health status. The size of samples was 875 female workers under forty years old. The data were collected by self recorded method with questionnaire from October 2001 to March 2002 and the results were as follows; The average score of Comell medical Index(CMI) is 15.24 +10.73(unmarried workers; 17.78+10.98, married workers; 11.78+9.34). the results by multiple regression analysis were as follows; The affecting factors on CMI were smoking daily stress, workplace accident, diet habit, digestive disease in family, job stress, carrying heavy thing, prob-lematical alcohol drinking, noise respiratory disease in family. repeated working, age, working period of current job. working satisfaction(R2=0.258). The suggestions are as follows on the basis of the study results; Health problem of female workers related to personal health behavior, job stress, satisfaction for working. Therefore the most effective health education for change of health behavior(smoking, drinking, exercise and diet habit) should considered and must be provided the opportunity for health promotion program in workplace. Also the affecting factors on health status were working conditions and working environments. Therefore, the most safety for working conditions or working environments should be considered for the female workers in workplace.

하악골에 전이된 소세포암 (small cell carcinoma) : 증례보고 A CASE REPORT

권대현,김종배 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.5

The small cell carcinoma has the most aggressive clinical course of any type of pulmonary tumor with median survival from diagnosis of only 2 to 4 months, and is a very rare in oral cancer. Because of the high malignant potency, small cell carcinoma has a greater tendency to be widely disseminated by the time of diagnosis and chemotherapy for the primary therapy is accepted generally. However, distant metastasis to mandible is very rare and only 5 cases had been reported according to the literature review We experienced a case of small cell carcinoma metastasized to mandible ramus and condyle. The patient was 67 year-old male with multiple lymph node metastasis and managed with chemotherapy, who was died of tumor 2 months after the initial diagnosis If we regarded the mandibular tumor as a primary carcinoma, there was a possibility to operate uncurable tumor. This case implies the necessity of thorough general evaluation of the patient before the malignant tumor surgery in maxillofacial area

좌심실비후 환자에서 베타차단제의 급중단이 임상증상 및 좌심기능에 미치는 영향

황종현,김영태,배용학,임현주,조용근,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1997 慶北醫大誌 Vol.38 No.1

목적 : 베타 차단제와 칼슘 길항제의 장기투여로 안정상태에 있는 비후형 심근증이나 고혈압성좌심실비후 환자에서 이들 약제를 갑자기 중단하였을 때 혈역학, 심기능 및 임상상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 경북대학교 병원 순환기내과에서 통원치료중인 비후형 심근중 환자 5명과 심한좌심실비후를 동반한 고혈압 환자 6명(남자 6명, 여자 5명)을 대상으로 장기투여 중이던 베타 차단제와 칼슘 길항제를 최소 5일 중단한 후 임상증상, 혈압 및 심박수의 변동, 그리고 투약중지 전후에 도플러 심초음파도를 기록하여 좌심실내경, 벽두께, 좌심실근량, 구혈율 및 승모판혈류속도곡선의 변화를 관찰하였다. 결과 : 1) 약물치료 중단 후, 베타차단제의 경우 9명 중 6명에서, 그리고 칼슘길항제 및 디소피라미드를 복용하던 각 1명, 도합 7명의 환자에서 심계항진, 호흡곤란의 악화, 흉통이 관찰되었고, 심계항진을 호소한 1예에서는 심방세동이 재발되었다. 2) 혈압, 심박수, 확장말기 및 수축말기 좌심실내경, 심실중격 및 심실후벽 두께, 좌심실근량 및 구혈을 모두는 치료약물 중단 전후에 다소 변화하였으나 유의하지 않았다. 3) E파 최고속도와 E파 시간속도적분은 약물투여 중단 전후에 유의한 변화는 없었으나, A파 최고속도와 A파 시간속도적분은 중단 후에 각각 유의하게 증가하였으며(both P<0.01), E/A 최고속도비와 E/A 시간속도적분비는 각각 유의하게 감소하였다(both P<0.01). 한편, E파 감속시간, 등용이완시간 그리고 A-Ar 간격[A파의 최고점에서 A reversal(Ar)파의 최저점간의 시간] 모두는 중단 후 유의한 변화가 없었다. 1 결론 : 비후형 심근증 이나 고혈압성 좌심실비후 환자에서 장기투여중이던 베타 차단제와 칼슘길항제를 일시적으로 중단하였을 때 임상중상의 악화와 더불어 확장기 기능의 변화를 초래하였다. 따라서 약물치료로 비록 임상적으로 안정상태에 있더라도 치료를 갑자기 중단할 때는 주의해야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : This study was done to evaluate the changes in clinical findings, hemodynamics and cardiac function after abrupt withdrawal of longterm beta-blockers and/or calcium channel blockers in hemodynamically stable patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular(LV) hypertrophy associated with hypertension. Methods : Eleven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(n=5) and LV hypertrophy associated with hypertension(n=6) were studied. Symptom assessment, blood pressure, electrocardiography and echocardiography including pulsed Doppler examination were obtained before and at least 5 days after abrupt cessation of beta-blockers and calcium antagonists. Results : 1) Deterioration in symptoms(i.e. palpitation, aggravation of dyspnea and chest pain) was observed in seven patients after abrupt withdrawal. 2) There were no significant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, end-systolic and end-diastolic LV dimensions, interventricular septal thickness, LV posterior wall thickness, LV mass, and ejection fraction before and after drug withdrawal. 3) Doppler time intervals and E wave peak-velocity and time velocity integral(TVI) were not significantly changed before and after drug withdrawal. But A wave peak-velocity and TVI after abrupt withdrawal were significantly increased(both p<0.01), and E/A peak-velocity ratio and TVI ratio were significantly decreased(both p<0.01). Conclusions : These findings suggest that temporary omission of beta blockers and calcium channel blockers develops deterioration in symptoms and LV diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and LV hypertrophy associated with hypertension. Physicians should avoid abrupt withdrawal of longterm beta blockers in LV hypertrophy.