Narrative Form, Unheimlich, and the Queer Subject in Jessica Hagedorn’s Dogeaters

( Choi¸ Cho A ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2018 영어권문화연구 Vol.11 No.1

This paper reveals that the disjunctive and cinematic narrative form of Jessica Hagedorn’s Dogeaters organically carves a politicoliteral space for its two principal narrators to show how they cope with the feeling of homelessness. The novel’s peripatetic narrative consists of first-person narrations, third-person narration, newspaper articles, president’s speech, quotes from a book, and an adapted version of prayer script. As Hagedorn reveals in the very beginning of the book, these accounts are neither entirely fictional nor factual. Dogeaters presents a space of quasi-reality that traverses the literal, political, and historical. For Rio Gonzaga, this space becomes a narratival space in which Rio re-arranges, edits, and re-formulates her memories of living in Manila to come to terms with her identity as a transnational migratory subject. During this process, Rio deliberately forgets or belies certain memories. It is Joey Sands who registers the sense of homelessness that Rio strenuously tries to eject. While Joey thinks that he may have found home in the material comforts afforded by performing his queerness, his body tells a different story. His body works as a medium through which Joey’s personal trauma and the Philippines’s national trauma settle in. Rio’s reconstructive and revisional storytelling needs Joey’s visceral body as a site of abjection where Rio’s unheimlich is textually discharged.

Antioxidative effects of ethyl 2-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)ureido)acetate against amyloid β-induced oxidative cell death via NF-κB, GSK-3β and β-catenin signaling pathways in cultured cortical neurons

Kim, E.-A.,Cho, C. H.,Kim, D. W.,Choi, S. Y.,Huh, J.-W.,Cho, S.-W. Harwood Academic 2015 Free radical research Vol.49 No.4

<P>We have previously shown that 2-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)ureido)acetate (KHG21834) attenuates amyloid beta(Aβ)<SUB>25-35</SUB>-induced apoptotic death and shows anti-inflammatory activity against Aβ<SUB>25-35</SUB>-induced microglial activation. However, antioxidative effects of KHG21834 against Aβ-induced oxidative stress have not yet been reported. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidative function of KHG21834 in primary cultured cortical neurons, to expand the potential therapeutic efficacy of KHG21834. Pretreatment with KHG21834 protected against Aβ-induced neuronal cell death and mitochondrial damage, and significantly restored GSH levels and the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, and also suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species and protein oxidation. These results imply that KHG21834 may play a role in cellular defense mechanisms against Aβ-induced oxidative stress in cultured cortical neurons. Furthermore, KHG21834 significantly attenuated the effects of Aβ treatment on levels of NF-κB, β-catenin, and GSK-3β proteins in cortical neurons. Taken together, our results suggest that the antioxidant effects of KHG21834 may result at least in part from its ability to regulate the NF-κB, β-catenin, and GSK-3β signaling pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that KHG21834 significantly attenuates Aβ<SUB>25-35</SUB>-induced oxidative stress in primary cortical neurons, and provides novel insights into KHG21834 as a possible therapeutic agent for the treatment of Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity involving oxidative stress.</P>

Ranitidine HCE정제이 함량균일성 및 용출성 평가

최인,정경애,조아라,박재영,문홍섭 한국병원약사회 1996 병원약사회지 Vol.13 No.1

Ranitidine is a histamine H₂-receptor antagonist. The drug competitively inhibits the action of histamine H₂ receptors of parietal cells, reducing gastric acid secretion under daytime and nocturnal basal conditions and also when stimulated by food, insulin, amino acid, histamine, or pentagastrin. Ranitidine is used for the short term treatment of endoscopically or radiographically confirmed active duodenal ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome etc. Drug effect is depend on bioavailability of preparations and also bioavailability is depend on dissolution rate and content uniformity. This study was attempted to evaluate bioavailability of commercial ranitidine HCI tablets. The dissolution test was conducted in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice using K.P 1 method with three ranitidine HCI preparations (A, B and C) which were pharmaceutically equivalent. The result as following:1) The dissolution rate in artificial gastric juice was higher in the order three different brands A>B>C 2) The dissolution rate in artificial intestinal juice was higher in the order three different brands A>B>C 3) Content uniformity of three different brands was better in such order as B>A>C 4) There was no relationship between dissolution rate and content uniformity

The Influence of Feed Energy Density and a Formulated Additive on Rumen and Rectal Temperature in Hanwoo Steers

Cho, Sangbuem,Mbiriri, David Tinotenda,Shim, Kwanseob,Lee, A-Leum,Oh, Seong-Jin,Yang, Jinho,Ryu, Chaehwa,Kim, Young-Hoon,Seo, Kang-Seok,Chae, Jung-Il,Oh, Young Kyoon,Choi, Nag-Jin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.11

The present study investigated the optimum blending condition of protected fat, choline and yeast culture for lowering of rumen temperature. The Box Benken experimental design, a fractional factorial arrangement, and response surface methodology were employed. The optimum blending condition was determined using the rumen simulated in vitro fermentation. An additive formulated on the optimum condition contained 50% of protected fat, 25% of yeast culture, 5% of choline, 7% of organic zinc, 6.5% of cinnamon, and 6.5% of stevioside. The feed additive was supplemented at a rate of 0.1% of diet (orchard grass:concentrate, 3:7) and compared with a control which had no additive. The treatment resulted in lower volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and biogas than the control. To investigate the effect of the optimized additive and feed energy levels on rumen and rectal temperatures, four rumen cannulated Hanwoo (Korean native beef breed) steers were in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Energy levels were varied to low and high by altering the ratio of forage to concentrate in diet: low energy (6:4) and high energy (4:6). The additive was added at a rate of 0.1% of the diet. The following parameters were measured; feed intake, rumen and rectal temperatures, ruminal pH and VFA concentration. This study was conducted in an environmentally controlled house with temperature set at $30^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity levels of 70%. Steers were housed individually in raised crates to facilitate collection of urine and feces. The adaptation period was for 14 days, 2 days for sampling and 7 days for resting the animals. The additive significantly reduced both rumen (p<0.01) and rectal temperatures (p<0.001) without depressed feed intake. There were interactions (p<0.01) between energy level and additive on ruminal temperature. Neither additive nor energy level had an effect on total VFA concentration. The additive however, significantly increased (p<0.01) propionate and subsequently had lower acetate:propionate (A/P) ratios than non-additive supplementation. High concentrate diets had significantly lower pH. Interactions between energy and additive were observed (p<0.01) in ammonia nitrogen production. Supplementation of diets with the additive resulted in lower rumen and rectal temperatures, hence the additive showed promise in alleviating undesirable effects of heat stress in cattle.

The Assessment of Carbendazim, Cyazofamid, Diethofencarb and Pyrimethanil Residue Levels in P. ginseng (C. A. Meyer) by HPLC

Choi, Jeong-Heui,El-Aty, A.M.Abd,Park, Young-Seok,Cho, Soon-Kil,Shim, Jae-Han Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.3

A fast and simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of four pesticides having fungicide properties has been proposed for Panax ginseng, C. A. Meyer grown for 4, 5, or 6 years. Analytical separation was performed on C18 columns using ultraviolet detector under gradient conditions. Spiked blank samples were used as standards to counteract the matrix effect observed in the chromatographic determination. The HPLC response for all pesticides was linear, with determination coefficients > 0.9986. The average rate of recovery for pesticides spiked with 2 fortification levels was > 72% with relative standard deviations < 9%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.03 to 0.16 ppm. These LOQs were lower than the respective maximum residue limits (MRL) established by the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA), except for cyazofamid. The proposed method was used to determine pesticide residue levels in samples of ginseng obtained from Jeonnam Province (Republic of Korea). None of the pesticides were found in ginseng samples grown for 4, 5, or 6 years.

Self-Reflective Individual and Disciplinary Power in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

( Choi¸ Cho-a ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2016 영어권문화연구 Vol.9 No.3

This paper takes issue with the critical view of David Lurie, the protagonist in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace, as a sinner. It argues that David’s resistance is ultimately a cry for individual will and freedom, to keep his private sphere intact from the encroaching influence of the institutional power. The paper investigates how the prototype of institutional domination found in Catholicism is worked into the mechanism of the hearing. In doing so, the parallel between Roman Catholicism’s Sacrament of Penance, the purge of the intellectuals in Mao’s China, and the committee’s demands for David is examined. The ramifications of the hearing’s failure that question the effectiveness of the institutional disciplining of individuals are also explored. Reading David as a resistant hero hints at the possibility that the reconciliation of the history’s past and present, and the vision for a new-fangled future may begin with the distancing of the ruling consciousness from itself sans systematic or external intervention.

Effects of excess Bi₂O₃ on grain orientation and electrical properties of CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ ceramics

Cho, S.Y.,Choi, G.P.,Jeon, D.H.,Johnson, T.A.,Lee, M.K.,Lee, G.J.,Bu, S.D. Elsevier 2015 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.15 No.11

A CaBi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>15</SUB> (CBTO) ceramic in which the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration was controlled from 0 to 10 wt% was fabricated using a solid-state reaction method. Structural analysis by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated differences in the preferred grain orientation and size of the plate-like grains according to the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration. The orientation of plate-like grains was also found to vary with the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration. There was no noticeable change trend of dielectric properties with different Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentrations. Relatively low dielectric constants (about 135) were exhibited by the CBTO ceramic with 1 wt% Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and CBTO ceramic with 10 wt% Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> only, and similar values (about 150) were exhibited by the other ceramics. The dielectric loss exhibited a low value in the range of 0.01-0.09 for all samples (frequency range of 1-100 kHz). Regarding the ratio changes of the piezoelectric coefficient (d<SUB>33</SUB>) and the ratio of a-axis orientation of plate-like grains, the trends of these two values were shown to be similar. These results suggest that the addition of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> greatly influences the microstructure of CBTO ceramics, including the grain size and orientation of plate-like grains. In particular, the change in the preferred grain orientation is closely related to the change in the piezoelectric properties.

Inappropriate Gonadotropin Secretion in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Relationship with Clinical, Hormonal and Metabolic Characteristics

( A Ra Shim ),( Yu Im Hwang ),( Kyung Jin Lim ),( Young Mi Choi ),( Young Eun Jeon ),( Seok Kyo Seo ),( Si Hyun Cho ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Byung Seok Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2011 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.54 No.11

Objective To evaluate the clinical, hormonal and metabolic characteristics according to luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A total of 225 women with PCOS were included in this study. They were divided into two groups according to LH/FSH ratio; group A (LH/FSH < 2, n=160) and group B (LH/FSH > 2, n=65). We compared clinical, hormonal and metabolic characteristics including age at menarche, body mass index (BMI), blood pressures, ovarian volume, and serum androgen levels between the two groups. Serum glucose and insulin levels, fasting glucose/insulin ratio, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profi les were also compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation coeffi cients were used to evaluate correlation between the LH/FSH ratio and various parameters. Results Age of menarche in the group B was signifi cantly later than that in the group A. BMI, waist-hip ratio and blood pressures were signifi cantly lower in the group B compared to those of the group A. Ovarian volume and serum levels of LH, estradiol, total testosterone, sex-hormone binding globulin, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), and high density lipoprotein were signifi cantly higher in the group B. Postprandial 2 hours glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were signifi cantly higher in the group A. After adjustment of BMI, the LH/FSH ratio was signifi cantly positively correlated with age at menarche, ovarian volume, total testosterone levels, and 17-OHP levels. Conclusion The inappropriate gonadotropin secretion may be negatively correlated with BMI, and positively with age of menarche and increased ovarian androgen production irrespective of BMI in women with PCOS. However, it may not be associated with metabolic characteristics.

표고 톱밥배지의 성숙도와 자실체형성 포텐셜

최태호,조남석,민두식,오가쇼지,구창덕,안드레 레오노비치 한국목재공학회 2000 목재공학 Vol.28 No.1

Culture maturity assessment can be used to control fruiting body flush timing. Culture maturity of sawdust-based substrate was evaluated by using oak mushroom, [Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler]. The influence of substrate water potential (ψ) on the growth and fruiting of three genotypes of L. edodes was also investigated. Glucosamine content revealed a peak at the fruiting body senescent stage. Glucosamine increased steadily to the sporophore senescent stage, and sharply declined at crop treatment. Lipid phosphate and ergosterol contents peaked at pinning and button break stages, respectively. Therefore lipid phosphate and ergosterol contents would be considered as the convenient measurement for judging culture maturity and fruiting potentials. The substrate pH values before inoculation and on the fruiting stage were varied from 6.3 to 4.0. This pH changes were detected as changes in color from bluish purple to yellow by direct bromphenol blue(BPB) spraying, and shown a good correlation with fruit body yield of the 1st flush. Concerning water potential of the cultures, a slight reduction of water potential, -0.5MPa, stimulated mycelial and colony growths on liquid, agar and sawdust-based substrates. The water potential of well-colonized matured substrate was -0.7MPa and -4.0MPa, before and after the fruiting, respectively. Excellent water providing capacity (higher ψ) is expected to well-matured cultures with a high density of mycelial colonization. Also, the substrate water potential significantly affected by the interaction between genotypes and spawn run time.

Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature on Structural, Raman, and Infrared Properties of Perovskite PbTiO3 Nanotubes

Sun A Yang,Byung Hoon Kim,Sam Yeon Cho,한진규,Sang Don Bu,Yong Chan Choi 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.4

In this work, we investigated the effects of the pyrolysis temperature on the structural, Raman, and infrared properties of PbTiO3 nanotubes (PTO-NTs). The PTO-NTs were synthesized by spin coating a sol-gel solution on porous anodic alumina membranes, followed by the pyrolysis step at 400 − 600 C. Then, PTO-NTs were finally crystallized at 600 − 700 C in an oxygen atmosphere to get the perovskite phase. The PTO-NTs had an outer diameter of about 420 nm and a wall thickness of about 10 nm. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the tetragonality (c/a) increased from 1.019 to 1.028 as the pyrolysis temperature was increased from 400 to 600 C. Raman spectroscopy showed that the phonon modes of A1(nTO) and E(nTO) increased with a redshift of the A1(3TO) mode as the pyrolysis temperature was increased. In the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of PTO-NTs embedded in the porous anodic alumina membrane, the transmittance of the band at 499 cm−1 increased as the pyrolysis temperature was increased, which might be due to an increase in the tetragonality.