기술우위가 기업 생존성에 미치는 효과 분석 -하드 디스크 드라이브(HDD) 산업을 중심으로-

임형록,정원진 한국기업경영학회 2010 기업경영연구 Vol.17 No.3

This paper proposes an simple but important question on firm survival: “Can firms with world-first or market-first innovations survive longer compared to other competitors?” According to product life cycle theory, leading firms that can initiate new product life cycle seems to be able to survive longer. However, it is still obscure if market-leading innovation or top-edge technology can guarantee firm survival indeed as SONY is struggling recently while Zenith that owned the North American standard digital TV broadcasting raw technology has been acquired LG. To tackle this issue, this paper uses the areal density information in the Disk/Trend Report on Ridge Disk Drives from 1982 to 1997, which includes 167 firms with 9,781 disks. The most salient contribution to related field would be considering two types of technological advantages: absolute technological advantage and relative technological advantage. Firms are considered to have an absolute technological advantage if they can market the smallest disk drive with the largest areal density. Instead, a relative technological advantage represents the rankings of technological superiority in hard disk industry based on a normalized technology position index that locates each firm’s technological ranking according to annual normalized areal density. So, if a firm has an absolute advantage, the firm is considered as a technology leader. Firms owning relative technological advantages can be said to have competency to catch up with rapid technology evolution speed through benchmarking. In addition,because of product life cycle, firms have to decide how many they will manage disk group lineups annually, which captures firm specific portfolio ability. This in turn can be said to be firm specific risk management. In each disk group, firms market models through differentiation and this represents firm marketing ability. These four factors interact each other, critically affecting firm survival. Each factor can have either a ‘high’ or a ‘low’ value, which means that we are able to create several scenarios based on their combinations. This paper particularly attempts a dummy-variable scenario analysis based on the twovariable combinations and three-variable combinations. In two-variable combinations, ‘high-high’,‘high-low’, ‘low-high’, and ‘low-low’ combinations are available. In three-variable combinations, ‘highhigh-high’, ‘high-high-low’, ‘high-low-high’, ‘high-low-low’, ‘low-high-high’, ‘low-high-low’, ‘low-lowhigh’,and ‘low-low-low’ are considered.According to some panel empirical results, the survivability of disk drive manufacturers depends much more on relative technological advantage than on absolute technological advantage. Portfolio ability is important to the survivability as well. This can explain two important occurrences in high tech industries. First, market leaders with top edge technologies can experience market exits frequently unless they have strong portfolio abilities. Second, firms with technological gaps against market leaders can often survive longer through effective product portfolios along with marketing strategy. Scenario analyses suggest that firms are likely to survive if they have both portfolio capability and marketing competency even without absolute technological advantage. Firms are most likely to survive longer when they have relative technological advantage, portfolio capability, and marketing competency at the same time while such firms without any of three factors are least likely to survive. These result provide a critical implication. ‘World first’ or ‘market first’ might be niche marketing slogans but such absolute technological advantage cannot assure long term survival. Rather, firms that can trace recent technological evolutions are able to survive longer even if they cannot lead technological breakthrough. A good example for this strategy must be Samsung, which uses a ... 본 연구는 제품수명주기가 매우 짧은 하드 디스크 드라이브(HDD) 시장을 대상으로 최소형의드라이브에 최대의 집적도 (areal density)를 상품화할 수 있는 경우를 절대적 기술우위라 정의하고, 전체평균 대비 자신이 보유한 최대의 집적도 수준을 표준화(normalization)하여 기술적 순서에 대한 지표를 결정한 것을 상대적 기술우위로 정의하여 이들이 기업의 생존성에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 즉, 절대적 기술우위가 존재한다는 것은 ‘업계 최초’라는 수식어가 적합한 경우를 의미하며, 상대적 기술우위가 높다는 것은기술변화 속도를 이길 수 있는 능력을 보유하고 있어 기술적으로 도태되지 않고 벤치마킹을 통하여서 생존할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 한편 각 기업들은 매년 몇 개의 디스크 드라이브 군을 유지할 것인가를 결정하는데, 이를 포트폴리오(portfolio) 능력이라고 정의하였고, 각 인치군에서 차별화를 통하여 출시한 총 모델수를 마케팅 능력으로 파악하였다. 이들 변수들은 유기적인 상호작용(interaction)을 통하여 기업의 생존성에영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구는 절대적/상대적 기술우위의 高低를 축으로 포트폴리오 능력과 마케팅 능력의高低에 따라 각각에 1의 값을 주는 더미변수들을 생성하여 해당 변수들 간의 단순 선형조합, 2변수 조합, 그리고 3변수 조합 별로 시나리오 분석을 하였다. 분석결과 기업의 생존성은 절대적 기술우위보다는 상대적기술우위에 더욱 의존하고, 포트폴리오 능력이 매우 중요하다는 점을 알 수 있었다. 한편 상대적 기술우위와포트폴리오 능력 그리고 차별화 능력의 2변수 조합이 절대적 기술우위를 생성시킬 확률에 대한 probit 분석결과 2변수 조합이 모두 낮을 경우 절대적 기술우위를 갖지 못하게 된다. 본 연구의 결과들은 왜 최첨단 기술을 보유한 시장선도 기업들이 때때로 시장에서 퇴출되기도 하는가 하는 의문에 대한 근본적인 원인을 설명하고, 첨단기술 산업에서 절대적인 기술격차를 보유하지 못할 경우에도 기업의 생존이 가능한 원인에 대한 구체적인 해석을 가능하게 한다

기술 경쟁우위 및 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 기술 투자성향 특성요인과 개방형 기술혁신의 역할

신승훈,안연식 한국정보기술응용학회 2016 Journal of information technology applications & m Vol.23 No.4

The purpose of this study is to prove empirically that technology investment propency factors (TIPFs) refect on the technological competitive advantage (TCA) and management performance. It includes the role of open technology innovation (OTI) approach is mediate to TCA from technology investment propensity. Especially the three TIPFs are market orientation, innovation orientation and strategy orientation. The analysis were performed based on the respondents’ data from 181 firms focusing to technology innovation and information technology. The suggested research assumptions including structured equation model were proved. Therefore, this study emphasizes that CEO or CTO must concentrate on innovative, strategic and market oriented propensity when he makes a decision on technology investment. An open innovation approach is effective for getting high TCA and management performance in technology intensive firms such as technology innovation and information technology.

자원기반관점의 벤처·이노비즈기업 기술혁신성에 대한 실증 연구

이용훈,심성학 한국벤처창업학회 2018 벤처창업연구 Vol.13 No.3

This study aims to investigate the effects of venture & inno-biz companies’ technological innovation competences on technological performances and economic competitive advantage, using VRIO framework. The empirical data for this study were based on the technology assessment results of Korea Technology Finance Corporation(KOTEC) on 3,462 venture & inno-biz companies and the following 2 years’ financial data. Sample companies with technological innovation resources, such as technology management strategy(Value), differentiation of technology(Rarity), imitation difficulty of technology(Imitability) and technical organization capability(Organization), made efforts to expand their intellectual property rights, technological development and commercialization of new products, thereby ensuring technological competitive advantage. Furthermore, technological competitive advantage were proved to improve sales growth, increase in operating revenue, and financial soundness. Compared with four VRIO factors’ influence on business performance, imitation difficulty of technology(Imitability) and organization technological capability(Organization) had much more influence than any other internal resources or capabilities respectively. 본 연구는 기술보증기금이 자체적으로 기술평가를 거쳐 운전자금보증을 지원한 3,462개 벤처·이노비즈기업의 현장데이터에 근거하여 기업에 내재된 4가지 VRIO 속성, 즉 기술혁신의 가치 (Value)와 희소성 (Rarity), 모방가능성 (Imitability) 및 조직 (Organization)이라는 내부자원과 역량이 어떻게 기술적 경쟁우위를 확보해 나가고, 나아가 기술적 경쟁우위는 최종적으로 경제적 경쟁우위에 어떻게 영향을 미치게 되는지를 실증적으로 규명하였다. 기술혁신을 기반으로 하는 표본기업은 기술경영전략 (Value), 기술의 차별성 (Rarity), 기술모방 난이도 (Imitability) 및 기술조직역량(Organization) 등 4개요인의 내부자원과 역량을 통하여 1단계로 지식재산권을 확충하고 기술개발 및 신제품의 상용화가 활발하게 이루어지는 등 기술적 경쟁우위를 확보하게 되며, 나아가 기업의 매출액 증가 및 영업수익 확대뿐만 아니라 기업 전반의 재무건전성이 향상되는 등 가시적인 경영성과를 시현하기 까지 각 단계별로 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되어 연구가설이 지지되었다. 특히, VRIO 특성 중 경쟁기업이 모방하기 어려운 독창적 기술을 보유하거나 기술조직의 역량 확충 등 인프라를 잘 갖춘 경우 여타 기술관련 속성들 보다 기술적·경제적 경쟁우위를 확보하는데 상대적으로 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

기술혁신능력 및 기술사업화역량이 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향: 대덕연구개발특구 수출기업을 중심으로

황경연 ( Kyung Yun Hwang ),성을현 ( Eul Hyun Sung ) 국제지역학회 2015 국제지역연구 Vol.19 No.1

본 연구는 대덕연구개발특구내 수출기업을 중심으로 기업의 기술혁신능력, 기술사업화역량 및 경쟁우위간의 관계를 분석하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 수출기업의 기술혁신능력과 경쟁우위간의 관계에서 기술사업화역량의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구모형은 기업의 기술혁신능력, 기술사업화 및 경쟁우위에 관한 기존 문헌연구와 실증연구에 기초하여 설정되었으며, 이 연구모형 검증을 위해 대덕연구개발특구내 수출기업을 대상으로 수행한 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 설문조사는 2015년 1월 5일부터 2월 4일까지 약 1개월간 수행되었으며, 수집된 103개 수출기업 자료는 PLS분석에 활용되었다. 본 연구에서 기술혁신능력은 2차 구성개념으로 1차 구성개념인 학습능력, 전략계획능력, 연구개발능력, 제조능력 및 마케팅능력으로 측정되었으며, 2차 구성개념인 기술사업화역량은 1차 구성개념인 상용화속도, 시장범위 및 기술너비로 측정되었다. 본 연구의 실증분석결과에서 수출기업의 기술혁신능력은 기술사업화역량에 정의 영향을 미치고, 수출기업의 기술사업화역량은 경쟁우위에 정의 영향을 미치며, 수출기업의 기술혁신능력은 경쟁우위에 직접적으로 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 수출기업의 기술사업화역량은 기술혁신능력과 경쟁우위간의 관계를 매개하는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. This study aims to investigate the structural relationships between technology innovation capability, technology commercialization competence, and competitive advantage, focusing on the export firms in Daedeok Innopolis. In particular, this article attempts to analyze the mediating effects of technology commercialization competence on the nexus between a firm’s technology innovation capability and competitive advantage. The survey of 103 export firms was conducted from January 5, 2015 through February 4, 2015. Partial Least Squares analysis was applied to test the relationships between constructs set in the study. The commonality found in the results of the study is that a firm’s technology innovation capability has a positive effect on its technology commercialization competence and competitive advantage. The study also finds a solid evidence that a firm’s technology commercialization competence mediates the relationship between its technology innovation capability and competitive advantage while its technology commercialization competence used as mediating variable directly affects its competitive advantage, indicating that the null hypothesis of the non-existence of mediation effect can be rejected at the 5% significance level.

Comparison of Comparative Advantage of Korea and China by Technology Level

Jung Taik Hyun,Jin Young Hong 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2011 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.9 No.2

In this paper, we examine the comparative advantage of Korea and China while focusing on their technology level. The three digit SITC (Standard International Trade Classification) data is classified by technology level and the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) is derived from 1992-2009 by using UN COMTRADE data. For careful interpretation of the comparative advantage and technology levels, we also examined intra-industry trade and unit values of bilateral Korea-China trade, and semi-conductor industry technology. We found that the revealed comparative advantage has moved from low technology products to high technology products in Korea. China still maintains a comparative advantage in low technology products such as textiles and clothing, but at the same time, China’s high and medium-high technology products have recently gained a comparative advantage. The perception that China only has a comparative advantage for labor intensive products with low technology should be changed based on our analysis. However, China’s advancement in technology should not be overestimated. When comparing the unit value of basic materials of Korea’s and China’s exports, we found that Korea’s export product prices are on average higher than that of China’s, although the gap is reducing. A wider technology gap between Korea and China still exists in the semi-conductor industry, which is one of the most advanced high technology industries throughout the world.

Comparison of Comparative Advantage of Korea and China by Technology Level

현정택,홍진영 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2011 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.9 No.2

In this paper, we examine the comparative advantage of Korea and China while focusing on their technology level. The three digit SITC (Standard International Trade Classification) data is classified by technology level and the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) is derived from 1992-2009 by using UN COMTRADE data. For careful interpretation of the comparative advantage and technology levels, we also examined intra-industry trade and unit values of bilateral Korea-China trade, and semi-conductor industry technology. We found that the revealed comparative advantage has moved from low technology products to high technology products in Korea. China still maintains a comparative advantage in low technology products such as textiles and clothing, but at the same time, China’s high and medium-high technology products have recently gained a comparative advantage. The perception that China only has a comparative advantage for labor intensive products with low technology should be changed based on our analysis. However, China’s advancement in technology should not be overestimated. When comparing the unit value of basic materials of Korea’s and China’s exports, we found that Korea’s export product prices are on average higher than that of China’s, although the gap is reducing. A wider technology gap between Korea and China still exists in the semi-conductor industry, which is one of the most advanced high technology industries throughout the world.

동적역량과 경쟁우위

김국태(Guktae Kim),허문구(Moon-Goo Huh) 한국전략경영학회 2016 전략경영연구 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 동적역량이 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향을 탐구한다. 동적역량이 경쟁우위의 획득에 있어 중요하다는 이론적 논의는 활발하게 진행된 반면, 실제로 동적역량과 경쟁우위의 관계를 규명한 실증연구는 제한적이다. 이에 본 연구는 1981년부터 2011년까지 우리나라 IT관련 산업 내 기업들을 대상으로 탐험적, 그리고 활용적 혁신의 개념을 활용하여 동적역량을 정의하고, (1) 동적역량이 경쟁우위에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, (2) 환경의 동태성에 따라 동적역량이 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향이 어떻게 달라지는지를 규명하기 위해 연구모형을 개발하고 검증하였다. 연구결과, 동적역량은 경쟁우위와 정(+)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 동적역량이 경쟁우위에 미치는 영향은 환경동태성에 따라 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 환경이 동태적일수록 경쟁우위에 미치는 동적역량의 정(+)의 효과가 강해지는 것으로 나타나, 동적역량에 대한 상황론적 관점이 지지되었다. 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 이론적, 실무적 기여와 한계 및 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다. Although a lot of management scholars have accepted the assumption that the dynamic capabilities are crucial for achieving competitive advantages, little is known about the performance implications of dynamic capabilities. This study aims to empirically explore the relationship between dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages. We ask two questions: (1) How do dynamic capabilities influence competitive advantage? and, (2) How is the effectiveness of dynamic capabilities affected by an organizational external contexts? We define dynamic capabilities using the concepts of exploration and exploitation and propose following hypotheses. More specifically, dynamic capabilities have two sub-dimensions: the magnitude and pace of temporal separation between exploration and exploitation. The magnitude of temporal separation refers to the extent that an organization deviates from its average balance between exploration and exploitation at a particular point in time. On the other hand, the pace of temporal separation implies how often organizations shift their orientation between exploration and exploitation during their life span. Eventually, the dynamic capabilities can be defined as “the firm"s ability or process to shift between exploration and exploitation significantly and quickly.” Therefore, this study measure the dynamic capabilities as an interaction between the magnitude and pace of temporal separation. This study examines the following hypotheses by using data from Korean IT firms for the 1981~2011 period. H1: The extent of dynamic capabilities have a positive effect on competitive advantages. H2: Environmental dynamism has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the extent of dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages The results provide support for Hypothesis 1, indicating a positive effect of dynamic capabilities on the competitive advantages. In terms of moderating effects, the results also provides support for Hypothesis 2, indicating that the relationship between dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages is stronger for a higher level of environmental dynamism. This study makes several important contributions to the dynamic capability literature. first, the study provides empirical evidence of the dynamic capabilities. Although the theoretical arguments have emphasized a firm"s dynamic capabilities for achieving and maintaining competitive advantages, few studies have empirically investigated the performance implications of dynamic capabilities because of the abstractness and the difficulty of measurement. We conceptualize the dynamic capabilities by using the concepts of exploration and exploitation and provide support for the dynamic capability perspective. Second, the study calls for a contingency perspective for a better understanding of performance implications of dynamic capabilities. In spite of the importance of boundary conditions, few studies have examined the performance implications of dynamic capabilities considering a firm"s unique contexts. The results suggest a need for a good fit between a fim"s dynamic capabilities and its environmental dynamism. Overall, the study fills the gap between theoretical assumptions and empirical evidence in dynamic capability literature by examining several hypotheses based on patents and other objective data for a relatively long sample period (1981~2011). We discusses limitations and research directions for future studies.

개방형 혁신과 조직학습 특성이 벤처기업의 기술경쟁우위에 미치는 영향

서리빈 ( Ri Bin Seo ),윤현덕 ( Heon Deok Yoon ) 한국지식경영학회 2012 지식경영연구 Vol.13 No.2

Although a wide range of theoretical researches have emphasized on the importance of knowledge management in cooperative R&D network, the empirical researches to synthetically examine the role of organizational learning and open innovation which influence on the performance of technological innovation are not enough to meet academic and practical demands. This study is to investigate the effect of open innovation and organizational learning in venture business on technological competitive advantage and establish the mediating role of organizational learning. For the purpose, the questionnaires, made based on the reviewing previous researches, were collected from 274 Korean venture businesses whose managerial focus is on developing technological innovation. As a result of analysis, the relational dimensions of open innovation - network, intensity and trust shared by a firm with external R&D partners - as well as the internal organizational learning system and competence have positive influence on building technological competitive advantage whose sub-variables are technological excellence, market growth potential and business feasibility. In addition, it is identified that organizational learning has the mediating and moderating effect in the relationship between open innovation and technological competitive advantage. These results imply that open innovation complements and expend the range of limited resources and the scope of innovation in technology-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises. Besides, organizational learning activity reinforces the use of knowledge and resources, obtained from external R&D partners. On the basis of these results, detailed issues and discussion were made in the conclusion.

기술기반 벤처기업의 단계별 성장요인: ㈜나노신소재 사례 중심으로

정찬우,이원일 한국벤처창업학회 2021 벤처창업연구 Vol.16 No.6

In this study, a case study was conducted on Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd, a company that was established in 2000 and has the core technology to produce and commercialize nano materials and ultrafine nano powders based on nano technology. Deviating from the general case study, a case study analysis frame was set based on the theory of technology management and industry-university cooperation theory, and cases were analyzed. In this case study, Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd. was analyzed from two analytical perspectives: the establishment of a Management Of Technology system within the company and the Industry-Academic Cooperation activity. Based on this theoretical-based analysis framework, company visit interviews and related data research and analysis were conducted. As a result of the study of the case company, it was possible to derive how the technology management and industry-university cooperation affect the growth stage of the company as follows. First, the strategic use of technology management is an important factor in strengthening the competitive advantage and core competencies of venture companies, and for survival and growth of startups in the early stages. Second, strategic use of technology management and patents and establishment of a patent management system are a part of business strategy and play a pivotal role in corporate performance. Third, the human and material infrastructure of universities affects the growth of companies in the early stage of start-up, and the high utilization of industry-university cooperation promotes the growth of companies. Fourth, continuous industry-academic cooperation activities in the growth and maturity stages of a company's growth stage are the basis for activating external exchanges and building networks. Lastly, technology management and industry-university cooperation were found to be growth factors for each growth stage of a company. In order for a company to develop continuously from the start-up to the growth and maturity stages, it is necessary to establish a technology management system from the beginning and promote strategic technology management activities. In addition, it can be said that it is important to carry out various industry-academic cooperation activities outside the company. As a result of the case analysis, it was found that Advanced Nano Products Co.,Ltd, which performed these two major activities well, overcame the crisis step by step and continued to grow until now. This study shows how the use of technology management and industry-academic cooperation creates value in each growth stage of technology-based venture companies. In addition, its active use will play a big role in the growth of other venture companies. The results of this case study can be a valid reference for growth research of technology start-up venture companies and related field application and utilization. 본 연구에서는 2000년 설립하여 나노기술(Nano Technology)기반으로 나노소재 및 초미립 나노분말을 생산하고 제품화하는 핵심기술력을 보유한 기업인 ㈜나노신소재의 사례연구를 하였다. 일반적인 사례연구에서 벗어나 이론에 기반하여 기술경영과 산학협력 이론을 기반으로 사례연구 분석프레임을 설정하였으며 사례를 분석하였다. 본 사례연구에서는 ㈜나노신소재를 기업 내부적으로 기술경영(Management Of Technology) 체계 구축과 기업 외부 및 협력적인 측면에서 산학협력(Industry-Academic Cooperation) 활동이라는 두 가지 분석관점으로 분석하였다. 이러한 이론적 기반의 분석틀을 기반으로 기업방문 인터뷰 및 관련 자료 조사 분석을 실시하였다. 사례기업의 연구결과, 기술경영과 산학협력이 기업의 성장단계에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 다음과 같이 도출할 수 있었다. 첫째, 기술경영의 전략적 활용은 벤처기업의 경쟁우위와 핵심역량을 강화하고 창업 초기 기업의 생존과 성장에 중요한 요소이다. 둘째, 기술경영 및 특허의 전략적 활용과 관리체계 구축은 사업전략의 일원이며 기업성과에 중추적인 역할을 한다. 셋째, 대학의 인적·물적 인프라는 창업 초기 기업의 성장에 영향을 미치며 산학협력의 높은 활용도는 기업의 성장을 촉진한다. 넷째, 기업의 성장단계 중 성장기·성숙기에 있어 지속적인 산학협력 활동은 외부 교류 활성화 및 네트워크 구축에 기반이 된다. 마지막으로 기술경영과 산학협력은 기업의 성장단계별 성장요인이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점은 다음과 같다. 기업이 창업 이후 성장기, 성숙기에 이르는 지속적 발전을 위해서는 초기부터 기술경영 체계를 구축하고 전략적인 기술경영 활동을 추진하는 것이 필요하다. 또한, 기업 외부적으로 다양한 산학협력 활동을 수행하는 것이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 사례분석 결과 이러한 두가지 주요 활동을 잘 수행한 ㈜ 나노신소재는 단계별로 위기를 잘 극복하고 현재까지 지속적인 성장을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 기술경영과 산학협력의 활용이 기술기반 벤처기업의 각각의 성장단계에 어떠한 가치를 발생시키는지 보여주고 있다. 또한, 이의 적극적 활용은 다른 벤처기업의 성장에도 큰 역할을 할 것이다. 본 사례연구의 결과는 기술창업 벤처기업의 성장연구와 관련 현장 적용 및 활용에 유효한 참고가 될 수 있을 것이다.

절충이론 기반의 기술수출 결정요인

정재휘,이태희 한국경영컨설팅학회 2019 경영컨설팅연구 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of technology exports based on eclectic theory. The unit of analysis is the technology export between the Korean parent company and the foreign subsidiary that entered the overseas market through the foreign direct investment method. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, technology development ability and disseminative ability of technology suppliers, which are firm-specific advantage, have a positive effect on promoting technology exports. According to the eclectic theory, a firm-specific advantage is required for all three foreign entry methods(licensing, exports, foreign direct investment), and the results of this study provide empirical evidence supporting this. Second, technology spill risks are analyzed to have a negative effect on technology export, but psychological distances have not found statistical significance with technology exports. This implies that internalization factors such as psychological distance do not directly affect technology exports, as the analysis of this study deals with intra-firm technology transactions between Korean parent companies and foreign subsidiaries. Finally, if the local market is highly attractive, it will prefer to export or foreign direct investment rather than licensing the market trading method in order to actively utilize the market. However, the results of this study showed that the market attractiveness and the negative relation between technology exports could not be founded, but the market attractiveness was high and the technology exports did not increase. Therefore, it partially supports the theoretical view of the eclectic theory that the factors of location advantage such as market attractiveness can not be a precondition of the way of exporting technology. 본 연구의 목적은 기술수출의 결정요인을 규명함에 있어 절충이론에서 제시된 이론적 견해를 토대로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석 대상은 해외직접투자 방식을 통해 해외시장에 진출한 한국 모기업과 해외 자회사 간의 기업 간 기술수출을 대상으로 하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업특유우위에 해당하는 기술공급기업의 기술개발능력 및 기술전수능력은 기술수출 증진에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 내수기업이 해외시장에 진출하면 국내와 다른 문화적, 제도적 환경 차이 등에 적응하기 위한 외국인 비용이 발생하며, 이러한 외국인 비용을 상쇄하기 위해서는 기업특유의 우위가 전제되어야 한다. 절충이론에 따르면 세 가지 해외진입방법(라이센싱, 상품수출, 해외직접투자) 모두에 기업특유우위는 필요하며, 본 연구의 분석결과는 이를 뒷받침하는 실증결과를 제시하였다. 둘째, 내부화이론에 따르면 시장거래 방식의 라이센싱은 계약 및 계약이행에 대한 모니터링 및 감시비용과 같은 거래비용을 회피하기 위하여 수출 및 해외직접투자와 같은 시장 내부화 방식을 선호하게 된다. 이러한 이론적 견해에 근거하여 기술 거래 당사자 간의 심리적 거리 및 현지국의 기술유출 리스크는 시장거래 방식의 라이센싱에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 가설을 설정하였다. 기술유출 리스크는 기술수출 실시에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었으나, 심리적 거리는 기술수출과의 통계적 유의성을 발견하지 못하였다. 이는 본 연구의 분석대상이 한국 모기업과 해외 자회사 간의 기업 내 기술거래를 다룸에 따라 심리적 거리와 같은 내부화 요인이 기술수출에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 해석된다. 향후, 심리적 거리 및 제도적 거리와 같은 거래비용을 발생하는 외생요인과 기술수출과의 관계를 살펴보기 위해서는 제3자 기업 간의 기술수출을 분석대상으로 한 연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 입지우위에 해당하는 현지 시장의 매력도가 높을 경우, 시장을 적극적으로 활용하기 위하여 시장거래 방식의 라이센싱 보다는 수출이나 해외직접투자 방식을 선호하게 된다. 하지만 본 연구의 분석결과에서는 시장매력도와 기술수출 간의 부의 관계를 확인할 수 없었으나, 시장매력도가 높다고 기술수출이 증가하지는 않는 다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 시장매력도와 같은 입지우위 요인이 기술수출방식의 해외진입방법의 전제조건이 될 수 없다는 절충이론의 이론적 견해를 부분적으로 지지하고 있다.