한국기업의 공급사슬관리 전략의 적합성에 관한 실증연구

정기호(Ki Ho Chung),손승호(Seung Ho Son),정동섭(Dong Seop Chung) 한국경영학회 2005 經營學硏究 Vol.34 No.1

Today's business environment has become rapidly changed. The development of internet and information technology makes customer needs more segmented and increases customer's demand for product variety and then customers require higher level of customization than ever. Moreover globalization in procurement, manufacturing and distribution makes lead time increasing and product life cycles have become shorter, while customers want products to be quickly supplied at lower price. Under these business environments, managing supply chain effectively is very important for firms to differentiate products and services and to achieve their competitive advantages. The importance of supply chain management(SCM) has been emphasized and there have been many researches on SCM or SCM-related topics. Each product has different product life cycle, demand uncertainty and product variety from others. So many researchers pointed out that since the characteristics of products and customer needs are different according to the product, supply chain performance is improved only when supply chain is designed appropriately to the characteristics of products and customer needs. Since successful SCM depends on how well supply chain strategies are aligned with the characteristics of products and customer needs, strategic fit of SCM has emerged as an important issue in managing supply chains. However there has been no research on empirical analysis for the relationship between supply chain performance and strategic fit of SCM. This paper empirically analyzed whether there exists a difference in supply chain performances according to the extent of strategic fit between implied demand uncertainty and SCM strategies. As in previous researches we translate characteristics of products and customer needs into the metric of implied demand uncertainty and represent SCM strategies as tradeoff between responsiveness and efficiency.We developed two main hypotheses; one is that there exists a difference in supply chain performance according to the extent of strategic fit between implied demand uncertainty and SCM strategy and the other is that for each subgroup with different level of implied demand uncertainty there exist differences in supply chain performance according to the extent of strategic fit. To test the proposed hypotheses, survey data were collected from 122 Korean manufacturing firms and analyzed with factor analysis and clustering analysis. The factors are examined on the basis of preceding researches, and extensible factors are clearly extracted from the literature review. Furthermore, the determinants of a SCM strategy are drawn through a detailed cluster analysis framework.The results of analysis showed that there existed a significant difference in supply chain performances between two groups; group achieving high level of strategic fit and group achieving low level of strategic fit. Interestingly, the difference in supply chain performances was also found within the group achieving high level of strategic fit; that is, the subgroup having high responsive supply chain with high implied demand uncertainty showed higher performance than the subgroup having low responsive supply chain with low implied demand uncertainty. These results imply that i) to achieve the strategic fit, firms should change their supply chain strategies if the characteristics of products and/or customers are changed, and ii) even though the strategic fits are achieved, supply chain of the innovative product has higher performance than the functional product. As a result, this research strongly suggests that companies should employ a right supply chain strategy according to their product attributes and supply chain environments.

The Effect of the Fit between Perceived Environmental Uncertainty and Strategic Applications of Information Systems on the Firm’s Performance

최종민 한국경영교육학회 2022 경영교육연구 Vol.37 No.1

[Purpose]This study empirically investigated the fit relationships among perceived environmental uncertainty(PEUN), strategic applications levels of information systems(IS), and facilitators of IS strategic alignment. We also examined the differences in organizational performance according to the degrees of fit. We demonstrate the appropriate levels or degrees of the strategic applications of IS and the conditions of alignment facilitators under the high or low states of PEUN. [Methodology]For the study, 105 sample firms’ data were collected form Korean manufacturing firms listed on the stock market. Cluster analysis was employed as the main analytical tool. [Findings]According to the results of this study, PEUN has an indirect relationships with the strategic applications level of IS through the facilitators of alignment. The results showed that under uncertain environment, the high level of strategic applications with the well-arranged facilitators of alignment can contribute more to the improvement of performance than in the less uncertain or stable environment. Therefore, the benefits of the high level of strategic applications can be realized in the competitive and uncertain environment. The empirical results also suggested that the high levels of strategic applications of IS is combined with the high degrees of the facilitators of IS strategic alignment. [Implications]The results of this study present that the competitive advantages of the strategic IS applications are realized under the uncertain and competitive environments. However, though the environment is stable(low PEUN), the excessively low level of strategic applications may decrease the firm’s performance. Accordingly, a firm must recognize the states of external environments, and develop and obtain the appropriate degrees of the strategic applications of IS.

한국전자제조기업에서의 경쟁전략, 경쟁우선순위의 전략적 적합성에 관한 실증연구

김승범,이상천,장덕신,배성문 한국생산성학회 2004 生産性論集 Vol.18 No.3

This study tries to examine the strategic fit of competitive strategies and competitive priorities in domestic electronic firms' manufacturing strategy. The strategic fit is accepted as a major factor in explaining the difference of firms' productivity performances. To set up strategic fit model, the previous research on manufacturing strategy model has been examined thoroughly. Based on proposed model composed of competition environments, core competences(competitive advantage and value chain), competitive strategies and competitive priorities, stepwise multiple regression was used as exploratory method to find significant types of internal strategic fit. The test results show that core competences(especially competitive advantage) have more impacts on competitive strategy than competition environments. In addition, there exist the significant types of strategic fit between competitive strategies and priorities. That is, differentiation strategy takes delivery priority and focusing takes flexibility.

T-50계열 항공기 수출전략에 관한 연구: 전략적 적합성 관점에서의 성공과 실패 사례 비교분석을 중심으로

박재찬 한국국제경영관리학회 2018 국제경영리뷰 Vol.22 No.4

This study covers all success and failure of T-50 series aircraft export cases in terms of strategic fit theory. T-50 series aircraft has got the unique position that is successful in catch up and in export at the same time for late mover’s aircraft. Unlike general industry good’s export, aircraft exports should include offset program, military support, and government’s integrative support. By this study we can identify the differences between fit and quasi-fit in late mover’s aircraft export. There are three factors of aircraft competitiveness, efforts of export marketing, and government’s integrative supports that consist of internal fit. These factors are fitted with potential buyers’ conditions of offset demand, favorable impression, and global reliability for late mover’s aircraft. In conclusion, this study proposed the importance of platform characteristics in process of R&D that makes it easy to upgrade and take multirole duties. And also this study reasoned second proposition that is about the importance of gaining global reliability of late mover’s aircraft by joint development with first movers or using worldwide proven components. Like “Intel Inside” campaign in a business marketing field, “Ingredient Branding” adds value to a late comer’s aircraft overall competitive positioning. For example, T-50’s F404 series jet engine by GE is a World’s proven product. If T-50 had installed self-developed engine, then it may cause problems in exports. Through this study, it is found that internalization of system integration is important in late comer’s catch-up process, whereas world proven parts should be included in late comer’s aircraft for its export success. This study will be helpful for drawing late mover’s future directions of aircraft development and export. T-50계열 항공기는 항공산업 후발국으로서는 드물게 수출에 성공한 고등훈련기 겸 경공경기이다. 일반적인 수출과는 달리 항공기 수출은 제품자체의 우위 뿐만 아니라 군수지원, 절충교역, 정부의 지원 등이 복합적으로 작용하는데, 그 동안의 연구에서는 부분적인 요인만 다루어져 왔었다. 본 연구에서는 전략적 적합성(Strategic Fit) 관점에서 T-50계열 항공기의 수출성공을 통합적으로 분석해보고자 한다. 구체적으로 적합(수출성공)과 준적합(수출실패)의 요인을 규명하고, 향후 후발국 항공기 수출에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 항공기를 포함한 방위산업 수출을 위해서는 여러 주체들의 체계적이고 통합적인 조직화가 필요하다는 점 외에 후발국 항공기 수출에 있어서 선발국과의 공동개발 또는 선발국 기술 탑재의 중요성을 확인하였다. 후발국은 선발국 추격에 있어서 핵심기술 확보나 국산화가 매우 중요한 요소인데 반해, 개발된 항공기의 수출에 있어서는 구매하려는 국가들의 신뢰성 확보가 더욱 중요하고 이를 효과적으로 보장할 수 있는 방법은 선발국과의 공동개발 내지는 선발국의 핵심기술을 적용하는 것이라는 것을 본 연구를 통해 발견할 수 있었다. 아울러 국가브랜드와 국가이미지 또한 후발국 항공기 수출에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 조사되었다. 요컨대 후발국 항공기 수출에 있어 여러 주체의 통합적인 노력과 더불어 선발국과의 적절한 협력이 중요함을 밝혔고, 이를 통해 항공기 수출에 관한 실무적인 시사점을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

전략적 적합성 관점에서의 항공산업 글로벌 추격 -한국, 대만, 브라질, 인도네시아 4국 비교연구-

박재찬 ( Jae Chan Park ) 한국항공경영학회 2012 한국항공경영학회지 Vol.10 No.2

항공산업은 ``제조업의 꽃``으로 불릴 만큼 첨단기술이 집약되었으며, 항공산업 선진국들의 선점효과가 강하며 후발국으로의 기술이전이 엄격히 제한돼 있는 전략물자에 가까운 특성을 지니고 있는 산업이다. 이러한 여건에도 다수의 후발국들이 선발국을 추격하는 데 성공하였다. 특히 초음속 군용기를 개발한 한국과 대만, 민군겸용기를 개발한 브라질과 인도네시아는 대표적인 추격사례라 할 수 있다. 항공산업에서 글로벌 추격의 대표적인 성과는 항공기 개발에 성공했는지의 여부, 즉 체계종합의 성공 여부였다. 본 연구에서는 전략적 적합성 이론을 적용하여 글로벌 추격을 적합과 준적합의 개념으로 살펴보았다. 즉 체계종합만 성공한 경우를 준적합, 체계종합 성공은 물론 후속사업 연계와 수출까지 성공한 경우를 적합으로 구분하여 한국, 대만, 브라질, 인도네시아 4국의 사례를 비교 분석해 보았다. 분석결과 체계종합의 성공에는 항공산업 선진국과의 협력을 통한 외부적합이 후속사업과 독자모델 개발, 수출 등의 활동에는 기업, 정부 등 주체들의 내부적합이 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 항공산업 후발국의 추격에 관한 통합연구모형을 제시함으로써 그 동안 단순 프로젝트나 체계종합 성공 위주로 분석되었던 항공산업의 후발국 사례를 체계적이고 종합적으로 설명할 수 있는 틀을 제공함은 물론 여러 가지 이론적·실무적 시사점을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study is about global catch-up in aerospace industry which is state-of-the-art, hard to transfer of technologies from developed countries to developing countries, considered to a strategic item. Despite of difficult environment of technology transfer, some countries-Korea, Taiwan, Brazil, Indonesia-have succeeded in catching-up with developed countries in aerospace industries. The pursuit of catch-up in aerospace industry has been a success of developing a supersonic aircraft. In terms of "Strategic Fit Theory", the concept of "Fit" and "Quasi Fit" were applied to catch-up cases of four countries. In case of only succeeding in developing a supersonic aircraft, it was classified to "Quasi Fit". If a country has succeeded in aircraft development and follow-up projects, this is considered as "Fit" in the study. Through the study, Korea and Brazil belong to "Fit" group, while Taiwan and Indonesia belong to "Quasi Fit" group. Through the case analysis of four countries, this study suggests a integrated research framework that can explain various situations and characteristics of global catch-up in aerospace industry.

미얀마에 진출한 한국 기업의 성공 사례에 대한 전략적 적합성 연구

라민툰,방호열 한국무역연구원 2019 무역연구 Vol.15 No.5

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to find the success factors of Korean firms’ FDIs in Myanmar from the strategic-fit approach. Design/methodology/approach – With the case study methodology, a strategic-fit approach was employed to explain how the external and internal fit was achieved. After the SWOT analysis was implemented to identify external opportunities & threats and internal strengths & weaknesses, then it was examined that how opportunities and threats are matched with strengths and weaknesses. Findings - First, good communication with employees is the most important strength of three out of four Korean firms, whereas lack of cultural understanding, information gathering and communication problems are their weaknesses. Second, Korean firms had faced several external opportunities including the Korean wave, market size, and favorable business environment of a local country. Last, The firms also had challenged by the external threats including changes in customer preference, inexpensive imports from other countries and emergence of several competitors. Research implications or Originality – The findings provide practical implications. Two Korean firms employed strategies based on differentiation rather than low-cost leadership. This finding provides a insightful implication because it contradictory to an intuitive decision. As Myanmar is a low income country, the intuitive conclusion will be to pursue a low-cost leadership. This study shows that a differentiation strategy also can be effective even in the low income countries. One Korean firm adopted a kind of the blue ocean strategy. The firm’s decision to set up a Korean hot-spa in Myanmar located in a tropical region looks at first sight like a irrational one. After all, it turns out that the Korean spa was a good place to enjoy the Korean Wave. An innovative and challenging idea is the core of the blue ocean strategy. The finding of this study has confirmed the fact.

중소기업/중견기업/소상공인/지역기업/사례 : 환경 -경쟁전략 적합성 및 협력- 경쟁전략 적합성이 기업성과에 미치는 영향 : 삼성전자 협력사를 대상으로

이장우 ( Jang Woo Lee ),김민재 ( Min Jae Kim ) 한국중소기업학회 2014 中小企業硏究 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 대기업과의 협력이 중소기업의 경쟁력에 미치는 영향을 전략적 적합성을 중심으로 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 삼성전자의 1차 협력사 90개 기업을 대상으로 가설을 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과, 기술 및 인력, 자금 및 판매 등 협력의 강도가 경쟁전략에 따라 서로 다른 영향을 미치는 반면, 미래지향적이고 상생협력의 태도를 의미하는 협력의 질은 모든 경쟁전략과 정(+)의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 그리고 고성과 집단이 저성과 집단에 비해 환경-전략, 전략-협력, 환경-전략-협력 간의 적합성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 환경-전략 간의 적합성 이외에, 전략-협력, 환경-전략-협력 간의 적합성이 기업의 성과창출에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 점을 보여준다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 중소기업의 경쟁력에 경쟁전략의 선택과 실천뿐만 아니라, 대기업과의 협력이 중요한 영향을 미침을 주장한다. 이러한 주장은 협력을 통한 생태계 구축과 대·중소기업 간 동반성장이 산업경쟁력 제고를 위해 중요하다는 사실을 시사한다. This research attempts to analyze the impact of cooperative relationship with large prime enterprises on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized companies by focusing on strategic fit. For this, hypotheses were suggested and tested for 90 top-tier suppliers of Samsung Electronics. According to the empirical analysis, it was revealed that the intensity of cooperation including technology, manpower, finance and sales, which reflects a behavioral aspect of cooperation, has a different impact on the competitiveness depending on competitive strategies. Particularly, cooperation in technology and manpower had positive relations with all competitive strategies, which implicates that cooperation in technology and manpower is more important for small supplier companies to implement competitive strategies effectively. The quality of cooperation including future orientation and win-win relationships, which reflects an attitudinal aspect of cooperation displayed a positive relationship with all competitive strategies. Therefore, when it comes to the cooperation between a large prime enterprise and small suppliers of it, it is important to consider both behavioral and attitudinal aspects. Moreover, both environment-strategies fit and strategies-cooperation fit appeared higher in the high performance group than that in the low performance one. This result shows that fit not only between environment and strategies but also between strategies and cooperation has a positive influence on the performance of small supplier companies. Accordingly, this study argues that in addition to employing competitive strategies suitable to the environment, cooperation with a large prime enterprise has a significant effect on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized companies.

전략적 인적자원관리와 학습조직의 관계에서 개인조직 적합성의 조절효과

조세형(Sei-Hyoung, Cho) 중앙대학교 한국인적자원개발전략연구소 2011 역량개발학습연구 Vol.6 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 전략적 인적자원관리, 학습조직, 그리고 개인조직 적합성의 관계를 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 다음과 같은 구체적인 연구문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 전략적 인적자원관리가 학습조직에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는가? 둘째, 개인조직 적합성이 전략적 인적자원관리와 학습조직의 관계를 조절하는가? 연구 대상은 충청지역 270개 제조기업 중 설문에 응답한 200개 기업이다. 설문방법은 인사담당 부서장 또는 과장급 이상을 대상으로 조사원이 방문하여 면접조사를 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 전략적 인적자원관리가 학습조직에 미치는 영향은 전략적 인적자원관리 활동인 능력중심 선발, 경력기회 제공, 성과보상, 교육훈련, 경영 참여 순으로 학습조직에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나 가설1이 지지되었다. 둘째, 전략적 인적자원관리와 학습조직의 관계에서 개인조직 적합성은 일부 그 효과를 조절하는 것으로 나타나 가설2가 일부 지지되었다. 즉, 개인과 조직의 적합성이 높을수록 능력중심 선발과 경영 참여의 인사관리 관행이 학습조직에 보다 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 교육훈련, 성과 보상, 경력기회 제공은 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 시사점 및 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among strategic human resource management, learning organization, and person-organization fit. To accomplish the research purpose as above, after establishing a research model through theoretical investigations on the related precedent research papers, the researcher conducted this study by means of an empirical study method that verifies the hypothesis through statistical analysis having conducted questionnaire survey. In this research, the questionnaires collected from 200 companies were used in the empirical analysis. The summary of the research results obtained through the empirical analysis of this research is as follows: First, results from analysis revealed that the strategic human resources management had significant positive (+) influence on learning organization, so the hypothesis 1 was supported. Second, results from analysis revealed that the person-organization fit partially moderated the relationship between the strategic human resources management and the learning organization, so the hypothesis 2 was partially supported. Finally, implications of the findings, limitation of this study, and the directions for the future studies were discussed.

비즈니스 전략과 서비스혁신 전략의 전략적 적합성에 대한 연구: 실증적 검증과 기업성과의 의미

유현선 ( Hyun Sun Ryu ),이재남 ( Jae Nam Lee ) 한국지식경영학회 2012 지식경영연구 Vol.13 No.5

Since service innovation is considered as a new way to gain an advantage in a highly competitive environment, it is imperative for companies to align their service innovation strategy with their business strategy in order to achieve better firm performance. Accordingly, a critical challenge facing firms is how to effectively organize and manage a well-planned service innovation strategy in accordance with the direction of their business strategy. Firms with a good fit between business strategy (i.e., cost leadership, innovative differentiation, and marketing differentiation strategies) and service innovation strategy (service creation-focused, service delivery-focused, and client interface-focused strategies) are expected to have better firm performance than those without such a fit. Based on empirical data from 209 service firms in South Korea, this study aims first to investigate whether a certain service innovation strategy is more effective than others within a particular business strategy. We then examine whether their effective alignment positively affects firm performance. The empirical evidence indicates that the alignment of service innovation strategy with business strategy significantly influences firm performance. The adoption of service innovation strategy was found to have positive effects on firm performance with innovative differentiation and marketing differentiation strategies and negative effects with cost leadership strategy. Lastly, we discuss our study`s implications for further research and practice.

제품 특성과 공급망 전략의 적합성이 물류 아웃소싱 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

박기화(Kui-Hwa Park),송상화(Sang-Hwa Song),홍석진(Seock-Jin Hong) 한국SCM학회 2010 한국SCM학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of relationships among the product characteristics and supply chain strategy on logistics service outsourcing performance, with specific reference to the product-supply chain model by Fisher. Based on previous literature review of the product and supply chain strategy, logistics outsourced products are categorized into functional and innovative products and logistics outsourced strategies are classified into efficient and market responsive supply chain strategies. A conceptual model is developed and six research hypotheses are empirically examined using ANOVA and regression. The results show that groups with supply chain strategic fit have better performance than groups without supply chain strategic fit. Based on the analysis, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.