Sentinel-1 및 UAV 영상을 활용한 김제시 벼 재배 조기 추정

이경도 ( Kyung-do Lee ),김숙경 ( Sook-gyeong Kim ),안호용 ( Ho-yong Ahn ),소규호 ( Kyu-ho So ),나상일 ( Sang-il Na ) 대한원격탐사학회 2021 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

쌀 수급 조절 정책의 합리적 수립을 지원하기 위해서는 벼 재배면적의 조기 추정이 필요하다. 본 연구는 국내 벼 주산지인 김제시를 대상으로 Sentinel-1 위성영상을 활용하여 이앙이 마무리되는 7월 초순 벼 재배면적을 조기에 추정하기 위해 최적의 훈련자료 수집을 위한 무인기(UAV) 영상 활용 방안을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 5월부터 7월 초까지 수집한 Sentinel-1 위성영상은 ESA에서 제공하는 SNAP(SeNtinel application platform, Version 8.0)프로그램으로 전처리하고 팜맵을 활용하여 농경지만을 추출하였다. 벼 재배지 중심 지역과 벼·콩혼재지 무인기 영상 촬영 영역을 혼합하여 훈련자료로 선정하여 김제시 전체 벼 재배지를 추정한 결과, 정확도와 카파 계수는 각각 89.9%, 0.774로 가장 좋은 결과를 보였는데, 이는 김제시 전역을 대상으로 무작위 표본조사를 수행하여 분류한 결과와 비교 시 전체 정확도 1% 내외, 카파 계수 0.02~0.04 범위에서 차이를 보여 벼 재배지 조기 추정을 위한 무인기 영상 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. Rice production with adequate level of area is important for decision making of rice supply and demand policy. It is essential to grasp rice cultivation areas in advance for estimating rice production of the year. This study was carried out to classify paddy rice cultivation in Gimje-si using sentinel-1 SAR (synthetic aperture radar) and UAV imagery in early July. Time-series Sentinel-1A and 1B images acquired from early May to early July were processed to convert into sigma naught (dB) images using SNAP (SeNtinel application platform, Version 8.0) toolbox provided by European Space Agency. Farm map and parcel map, which are spatial data of vector polygon, were used to stratify paddy field population for classifying rice paddy cultivation. To distinguish paddy rice from other crops grown in the paddy fields, we used the decision tree method using threshold levels and random forest model. Random forest model, trained by mainly rice cultivation area and rice and soybean cultivation area in UAV image area, showed the best performance as overall accuracy 89.9%, Kappa coefficient 0.774. Through this, we were able to confirm the possibility of early estimation of rice cultivation area in Gimje-si using UAV image.

Proteomic Changes in Odae Polished White Rice Grown at Different Cultivation Conditions

( Ju Young Lee ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( Young Ran Kim ),( Yu Jin Yeom ),( Jin Kyu Lim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.55 No.2

It has been known that the proteome profiles in the period of growth and development of rice are changed by the growth conditions including temperature, soil, and fertilization. In this study, the proteome profiles of Odae polished white rice grown in Chulwon and Chilgog were compared on 2-dimensional(D) gels. The differentially expressed proteins were selected from the 112 identified total proteins and classified into functional groups. The most significantly differentially expressed proteins were stress responsive proteins; Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, which is responsible for synthesizing a plant hormone gibberellin, was expressed in Chulwon rice and heat shock proteins were in Chilgog rice, respectively. Xylanase inhibitor protein, which inhibits the enzyme xylanase produced by pathogenic fungi and Bacilli, was expressed significantly high in Chilgog rice grown at high temperature. Differential expressions of transporter proteins were observed both in Chulwon and Chilgog rice. Regarding the facts that Chilgog rice contained relatively higher amount of proteins than Chulwon rice and Chulwon rice showed large number of proteins were differentially expressed, it can be concluded that different cultivation conditions could change the protein expression profiles in rice in various ways, including elevation of protein amount or differential expressions of specific proteins, etc. The results suggest that the characteristics of the profiles of the proteome in the polished white rice are definitely changed by the environmental factors including high temperature. The results can be utilized for the development of the proper cultivation conditions for the production of high quality rice with good palatability.

유기재배매뉴얼을 활용한 유기쌀 생산

차광홍,오환중,서동준,송용수,안준섭,안규남,정우진,Cha, Kwang-Hong,Oh, Hwan-Jung,Seo, Dong-Jun,Song, Yong-Su,Ahn, Joon-Seob,An, Kyu-Nam,Jung, Woo-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

1. 토양조건은 배수가 양호한 양토인 안룡통 보통답으로 칼륨을 제외하고는 우리나라 논토양의 평균 함량보다 낮은 토양이었다. 유기질비료로 처리구는 질소 표준시비량인 9kg/10a과 비슷한 N-P-K=8.45-4.89-9.24kg/10a를 시용한 반면 관행구는 표준시비량보다 많은 N-P-K=14.5-6.3-10.8kg/10a를 시용하였다. 2. 벼 수확 후 시험구 토양내 미생물상 분포를 조사한 결과 박테리아와 방선균의 수는 처리구에서 약간 높게 나타났고, 곰팡이의 수는 관행구에서 약간 높게 나타났다. 토양내 가수분해효소 생성미생물을 조사한 결과 호평벼 처리구에서 키틴분해미생물과 인산분해 미생물 분포가 다소 높게 나타났다. 3. 병해충 발생정도는 전체적으로 처리구에서는 미미하게 발생하였다. 그러나 관행구에서 특히 호평벼에서 도복과 이삭도열병이, 잎집무늬마름병은 두 품종 공히 심하게 발생하였다. 혹명나방은 온누리에서 발생율이 높았는데 이는 질소 과다 시용으로 판단되었다. 4. 호평벼와 온누리 공히 관행구가 처리구에 비해 간장과 수장은 약간 길고, 주당수수는 많았다. 그러나 잎집무늬마름병 및 이삭도열병, 혹명나방 도복 등으로 등숙비율이 현저히 떨어졌다. 관행구는 천립중이 낮았으며 수량이 호평벼는 38%, 온누리는 13% 떨어졌다. 5. 병해충인 이삭도열병, 잎집무늬마름병, 혹명나방과 수량과의 관계에서 유의성이 높은 부의 상관관계가 나타났다. 6. 백미의 품질도 관행구에서 쇄립율의 증가로 완전미 비율은 낮고, 단백질함량이 높아 전반적인 품질 및 윤기치가 낮아졌다. An actual proof experiment was carried out to establish the production of high quality organic rice at farm household in Gwangjin, Junnam, Korea 2011. Experimental plot was designed with conventional organic cultivation and manual organic cultivation in both Hopeongbyeo and Onnuri varities. Experimental field was consisted with suitable drainage loam soil, anryong series, and normal paddy field. Chemical characteristics of the soil were investigated from initial soil and soil after harvest in experimental sites. Seed disinfection was treated with hot water dipping method at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. Rice transplanting was carried out at 17 June with 25 days seedling using machine transplanting. Golden apple snail was used to prevent weed growth as middle size (1.5~1.7 kg/10a) at one week after rice transplanting. Amount of applied fertilizer in experimental plot was supplied with organic fertilizer for the shortage after harvest of hairy vetch (1,100 kg/10a). Bordeaux mixture was used to control of sheath blight and neck blast disease in all experimental plot at 19 Aug. Application of chitin culture solution was treated in manual organic cultivation at 2 and 15 Aug. At late growth stage, incidence rate of neck blast was the highest level at Hopyeongbyeo in conventional organic cultivation. Incidence rate of sheath blight in both Hopyeongbyeo and Onnuri was higher in conventional organic cultivation than in manual organic cultivation. Incidence of rice leaf folder was the highest level at Onnuri in conventional organic cultivation. Yield index in manual organic cultivation was increased by 13% and 38% at Onnuri and Hopyeongbyeo, respectively, compared with conventional organic cultivation. Head rice percentage in both Hopyeongbyeo and Onnuri was slightly increased in manual organic cultivation. These results indicate that high quality production of rice organic cultivation could be depending on management of safe fertilization with nutrient content in soil.

재배환경에 따른 유색미의 기능성물질 및 항산화활성 변이

오성환,최경진,김상열,서우덕,한상익,조준현,송유천,남민희,이충근,우선희,이철원 한국작물학회 2015 한국작물학회지 Vol.60 No.2

Production of high quality pigmented rice contained with high content of anthocyanin, and polyphenol was significantly influenced by cultivation environments like transplanting date and cultivation location. This study was carried out to establish an optimum transplanting date and cultivation region to produce maximum content of anthocyanin, polyphenol and antioxidant activity of pigmented rice varieties (black, red colored). Three transplanting times (May 20, June 5, June 20) and four different sites (Miryang, Uiseong, Sangju, Bonghwa) were evaluated with five pigmented rice cultivars. Anthocyanin and total polyphenol index to average temperature during 30 days after heading (DAH) of black, red pigmented rice varieties showed that anthocyanin and total polyphenol contents were decreased by 10% and 9%, respectively, with increasing average temperature of 1℃. The optimum ripening temperature of the 30 DAH for the production of high anthocyanin and total polyphenol was 22 to 23℃ for early maturity black rice, 21 to 22℃ for mid-late maturity of black and red rices, respectively. On the other hand, an estimated heading date of pigmented rices in return according to the optimum ripening temperature of the 30 DAH was ranged Aug. 11 to 17 for early maturity black rice, Aug. 25 for mid-late maturity black, red rice variety in Jecheon, Aug. 27 to Sep. 2 for early maturity type, Sep. 3 to 6 for mid-late type in Daegu. It seemed that Jecheon, Boeun, Mungyeong, and Yeongju were optimum regions for cultivation of pigmented rices. The estimated sowing date of pigmented rices for high anthocyanin and total polyphenol production based on the optimum heading date was May 18 to 26 for early maturity black rice variety, April 11 for mid-late black, red variety in Jecheon, May 23 to 28 for early type, April 9 to 26 for mid-late type in Boeun, respectively. 본 연구는 유색미 품종들의 적정 재배시기와 지역에 따른색소발현 및 항산화 활성 변이를 분석하여 고품질의 유색미를 생산할 수 있는 적정 재배관리기술의 기초자료를 얻고자수행하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 밀양, 봉화, 상주, 의성 4지역에서 이앙시기를 5월 20일, 6월 5일, 6월 20일 3시기에 걸쳐서 흑미 3품종과 적미2품종을 재배한 결과 출수 후 30일간의 평균기온 19. 0℃ 이상에서 평균기온이 1℃ 증가할 때마다 흑미의안토시아닌 함량은 약 9.9%, 적미의 총폴리페놀 함량은약 9%씩 감소하였다. 2. 유색미의 기능성물질 함량을 증대시키기 위한 출수 후30일간 적정등숙온도는 흑미의 경우 조생종은 22~23℃, 중만생종은 21~22℃의 범위였으며, 적미도 21~22℃범위였다. 3. 전국 지역별 30년간의 기상자료를 토대로 적정출수기를 추정한 결과 제천지역은 조생종이 8월 11일에서 8 월 17일, 중만생종은 8월 25일경이며 보은지역은 조생종이 8월 15일에서 8월 19일, 중만생종은 8월 20일에서 8월 27일에 해당되었다. 영주지역은 조생종이 8월15일에서 8월 21일, 중만생종은 8월 24일 경이었고, 충주지역은 조생종이 8월 17일에서 8월 23일, 중만생종은 8월 22일에서 8월 29일에 해당되었다. 대구지역은 조생종이 8월 27일에서 9월 2일, 중만생종은 9월 3 일에서 9월 6일경으로 주요 재배적지는 제천, 보은, 문경, 영주 등이었다. 4. 적정파종기 추정결과 제천지역은 조생종이 5월 18일에서 5월 26일, 중만생종이 4월 11일 경이었으며, 보은지역은 조생종이 5월 23일에서 5월 28일, 중만생종이 4월 9일에서 4월 26일, 문경지역은 조생종이 5월24일에서 6월 1일, 중만생종이 4월 21일에서 5월 4일, 영주지역은 조생종이 5월 22일에서 5월 30일, 중만생종이 4월 13일에서 4월 27일, 충주지역은 조생종이 5 월 31일에서 6월 7일, 중만생종은 5월 4일에서 5월 14 일 경으로 추정되었다.

Change and Continuity in Traditional Timugon Rice Cultivation Beliefs and Practices

( Low Kok On ),( Jacqueline Pugh-kitingan ),( Ismail Ibrahim ) 부산외국어대학교 아세안연구원 2017 Suvannabhumi Vol.9 No.2

Before the start of the North Borneo Company administration in North Borneo (now Sabah, Malaysia) in 1882, the Timugon Murut of today’s interior Tenom District lived in longhouses, and practiced head-hunting during wars with other Murutic ethnic groups. Their economy revolved around swidden agriculture of hill rice, sago, and cassava. Wet rice cultivation and water buffaloes were introduced just before 1885. Wet rice was planted on the alluvial plains around the Pegalan and Padas Rivers, while dry rice was planted on hillside swiddens that had been cleared by slash-and-burn methods. Today, wet rice cultivation and cash-cropping on the plains are the main Timugon socioeconomic activities, while some families also plant dry rice on the hills as a back-up. The Timugon believe that the physical world is surrounded by the spiritual world, and everything was made by the creator Aki Kapuuno’. The focus of this field research paper is on the beliefs and ritual practices of the Timugon connected to their traditional rice agriculture. This study found that for generations, the Timugon believed that since animals were created by Aki Kapuuno’ for the wellbeing of humans, various types of animals and birds convey omens to guide people. Thus, the older Timugon rice cultivation is strongly influenced by good and bad omens and taboos, and also involves symbolic practices and ritual offerings to guardian spirits of the rice. After the 1930s and especially since the 1960s, most Timugon became Roman Catholic Christians. Hence, this paper also examines changes in the traditional Timugon rice cultivation related beliefs and practices due to religious conversion and other factors.

홍동 ‘자연재배논모임’으로 본 현대 공동체문화

박선미(Park, Sun-mi) 실천민속학회 2020 실천민속학연구 Vol.35 No.-

이 연구는 충남 홍성군 홍동지역의 유기농업 공동체인 ‘자연재배논모임’에 주목하여 현대 농촌사회 공동체문화의 속성과 의미를 분석한 것이다. 연구결과 ‘자연재배논모임’은 ‘자연보존’에 대한 신념과 ‘생태적인 삶의 체험과 실천’을 가치로 삼고 있는 사람들로 구성된 ‘소규모의 목표 지향적 공동체’임을 확인하였다. 즉, 전통 마을공동체는 지리적으로 한 마을 사람들로 구성되었다면, 논모임은 지역을 초월하여 ‘자연재배’라는 공통의 가치와 목표를 지향하는 사람들로 구성된다. 논모임은 한 공간 내에서도 개인 재배공간의 운영과 노동의 ‘자율성’을 존중하고 공동노동에서는 협업의 ‘자발성’을 추구하는 비교적 개방적인 노동공동체로서의 의미도 지니고 있다. 논모임의 논은 사유재인 논이 공동재화된 것이다. 논모임의 논이라는 공동재는 전통적인 ‘소유와 사용의 공동재’가 아니라 ‘사용의 공동재’라 하겠다. 즉, 공동소유, 공동사용의 공동재가 전통적인 공동재였다면, 논모임의 논은 개인 소유이되 공동으로 사용하는 공동재이다. 한편 전통 농촌사회의 마을공동체가 ‘공동재’에 기반을 둔 것과 달리 논모임은 ‘자연재배법’과 ‘노동방식’의 가치에 기반을 둔 현대 생산공동체의 특성을 보인다. 이로 볼 때, 논모임은 기존 공동체의 농업생산 형태와 방식으로부터 벗어나 노동의 측면에서는 ‘협력’과 ‘자율’을 추구하고 참여 자격의 측면에서는 ‘평등’을 지향하는 신자유주의시대의 대안적 공동체이다. 또한 ‘자연재배논모임’은 정기 모임과 개별 노동과정에서 ‘음식’을 나누어 먹거나 보답하면서 ‘친밀함’을 쌓았고, 이렇게 형성된 ‘정서적 연대’는 일상생활로 이어져 미미하게나마 ‘상호부조적’이고 ‘호혜적’인 유대관계를 형성해 가고 있다. 특히 구성원들은 자연재배법의 가치를 공유함으로써 ‘연대적 관계’를 맺고, 이는 구성원 간의 유대관계를 더욱 견고하게 하는 작용을 한다. 전통 마을공동체는 노동력집중도가 강한 시기에 공동노동을 하고 일상적으로도 상호부조하며 ‘강한 호혜성’을 지닌다면, 논모임은 자연재배 농법을 교환하고 같이 농사일을 하는 정기 모임에서는 상호부조를 하지만 일상적으로는 ‘약한 호혜성’을 지닌다. 결국 홍동지역 ‘자연재배논모임’은 현대 농촌사회의 소규모 목표 지향적 공동체가 ‘자율성’, ‘자발성’, ‘친밀성’, ‘정서적 연대’, ‘상호부조’, ‘호혜성’ 등의 공동체성을 함의하고 있다고 판단된다. This study focused on the ‘naturally cultivated rice paddy community’, which is an organic farming organization of the Hongdong area in Hongseong County, South Chungcheong Province and analyzed the properties and meanings of community culture in modern rural societies. Research results showed that the ‘naturally cultivated rice paddy community’ is a ‘small-scale, goal-oriented community’ consisting of people who place their values upon beliefs in ‘nature preservation’ and ‘ecological life experiences and practices’. In other words, traditional village communities geographically consist of people in one village but the rice paddy community transcends regions and consists of people who share the common values and goals of ‘natural cultivation’. The rice paddy community also has significance as a relatively open labor community that respects the ‘autonomy’ of the labor and operations of individual cultivation spaces within a single space and pursues cooperation ‘spontaneity’ in joint labor. Rice paddies in the rice paddy community are the communal version of rice paddies as private property. The commons of rice paddies in the rice paddy community are ‘for communal use’ and not traditional ‘communal possession and use’. In other words, traditional commons were commons for communal possession and communal use but rice paddies of the rice paddy community are privately owned but used communally. On one hand, village communities of traditional rural societies are based on ‘commons’ but the rice paddy community shows characteristics of modern production communities based on the values of ‘natural cultivation methods’ and ‘labor methods’. From this, it can be observed that the rice paddy community breaks away from agricultural production forms and methods of existing communities and is an alternative community of the neoliberal age that pursues ‘cooperation’ and ‘autonomy’ from aspects of labor and aims for ‘equality’ from aspects of participation eligibility. Also, the ‘naturally cultivated rice paddy community’ build up closeness through regular meetings and sharing ‘food’ or repaying each other during individual labor processes and ‘emotional solidarity’ formed in this way connects to everyday life, slightly forming ‘mutually supporting’ and ‘reciprocal’ bonds. In particular, members share values of natural cultivation methods and form ‘solidary relationships’ and this acts to strengthen bonds among members. Traditional village communities conduct joint labor in times when labor concentration is strong and provide mutual support during their everyday lives and have properties of ‘strong reciprocity’ but the rice paddy community allows members to exchange natural cultivation farming techniques and provide mutual aid during regular meetings in which farm work is shared but it only possesses ‘weak reciprocity’ properties in everyday life. In conclusion, the ‘naturally cultivated rice paddy community’ of the Hongdong area provides implications of community such as ‘autonomy’, ‘spontaneity’, ‘closeness’, ‘emotional bonding’, ‘mutual support’, and ‘reciprocity’ as a small-scale goal-oriented community of modern rural societies.

호남평야지 재배시기별 조생종 벼 품종의 품질 및 호화점도 특성 분석

박현수(Hyun-Su Park),백만기(Man-Kee Baek),이창민(Chang-Min Lee),김석만(Suk-Man Kim),서정필(Jung-Pil Suh),정오영(O-Young Jeong),조영찬(Young-Chan Cho) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Early maturing rice is widely utilized to diversify cropping systems in the Honam Plain, Korea. It is based on the principle ofa short growth duration. There is concern regarding quality deterioration of early maturing rice owing to the high temperature during theripening stage as compared to that for mid and mid-late maturing rice. This study was conducted to analyze six pasting property-related andeight quality traits of six early maturing rice varieties (Jopyeong, Odae, Unkwang, Haedamssal, Jinkwang, and Haedeul) on early, ordinary,and late cultivations, and to interpret the relationships between genotypes and environments. As the cultivation time increased, the ratio ofhead rice (HR) and glossiness of cooked rice (Toyo value, TY) increased. The cumulative mean temperature of the ripening stage showeda strong negative correlation with HR and TY at all cultivation times. Pasting temperature, peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity, final viscosity,and breakdown (BD) decreased, whereas setback (SB) increased as the cultivation time was delayed. Pasting properties were affected moreby climate conditions in the ripening stage than during the growth stage. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis revealedthat pasting property-related and quality traits were affected more by environment than genotype. Jinkwang and Haedamssal in early and ordinarycultivation and Jinkwang and Haedeul in late cultivation exhibited higher HR and TY and a lower protein content. They also showed higherPV and BD and lower SB, which are characteristics of good eating quality japonica rice. Jinkwang, Haedamssal, and Haedeul are premium-quality,early maturing rice varieties that were recently developed. The cultivation of these varieties could improve the grain quality of early maturingrice at high temperatures during the ripening stage in the Honam Plain.

중만생 고품질 직파 및 이앙 재배적응 벼 품종 ‘새봉황’

이창민,김춘송,신운철,백만기,박현수,고종철,김정주,서정필,정오영,이건미,서정환,박송희,백동민,장현수 한국육종학회 2024 한국육종학회지 Vol.56 No.2

‘Saebonghwang’ was developed as a mid-late ripening rice variety with good cultivation stability and yield in transplanting and under direct seeding cultivation. It was bred by backcrossing ‘Hopum’, which has excellent cultivation stability and adaptability to direct seeding, as a repeat parent, and ‘Hitomebore,’ a Japanese rice variety with excellent taste, as a donor. The heading date of ‘Saebonghwang’ was August 11 under ordinary planting, which is two days earlier than that of ‘Nampyeong’, and August 13 under wet-direct seeding cultivation, which is the same as that of ‘Dongan’. ‘Saebonghwang’ had a culm length of 74 cm under wet-direct seeding cultivation, which is larger than that of ‘Dongan’ (69 cm), and had good cultivation stability, including lodging resistance. ‘Saebonghwang’ is resistant to bacterial leaf blight and rice stripe virus and shows moderate resistance to rice blast. Furthermore, ‘Saebonghwang’ has better grain appearance, superior taste and better milling characteristics than ‘Nampyeong’. The yield of ‘Saebonghwang’ when cultivated under ordinary planting, wet-direct seeding, and double cropping was 5.65, 5.37, and 5.37 MT/ha, respectively. Under wet direct sowing by drone cultivation, ‘Saebonghwang’ showed good initial survival rate and cultivation stability. The yield was 4.49 MT/ha, slightly lower than that obtained under transplanted cultivation (5.03 MT/ha), but was not statistically different; therefore, ‘Saebonghwang’ was adjudged to be adaptable to drone wet-direct seeding. ‘Saebonghwang’ can be used in various ways to suit the working conditions of farms, increase farm work efficiency, and expand the area of wet direct-seeding cultivation (Registration No. 9171).

재배환경에 따른 유색미의 기능성물질 및 항산화활성 변이

오성환,최경진,김상열,서우덕,한상익,조준현,송유천,남민희,이충근,우선희,이철원 한국작물학회 2015 한국작물학회지 Vol.60 No.2

본 연구는 유색미 품종들의 적정 재배시기와 지역에 따른 색소발현 및 항산화 활성 변이를 분석하여 고품질의 유색미를 생산할 수 있는 적정 재배관리기술의 기초자료를 얻고자 수행하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 밀양, 봉화, 상주, 의성 4지역에서 이앙시기를 5월 20일, 6월 5일, 6월 20일 3시기에 걸쳐서 흑미 3품종과 적미 2품종을 재배한 결과 출수 후 30일간의 평균기온 19.0℃ 이상에서 평균기온이 1℃ 증가할 때마다 흑미의 안토시아닌 함량은 약 9.9%, 적미의 총폴리페놀 함량은 약 9%씩 감소하였다. 2. 유색미의 기능성물질 함량을 증대시키기 위한 출수 후 30일간 적정등숙온도는 흑미의 경우 조생종은 22~23℃, 중만생종은 21~22℃의 범위였으며, 적미도 21~22℃ 범위였다. 3. 전국 지역별 30년간의 기상자료를 토대로 적정출수기를 추정한 결과 제천지역은 조생종이 8월 11일에서 8월 17일, 중만생종은 8월 25일경이며 보은지역은 조생종이 8월 15일에서 8월 19일, 중만생종은 8월 20일에서 8월 27일에 해당되었다. 영주지역은 조생종이 8월 15일에서 8월 21일, 중만생종은 8월 24일 경이었고, 충주지역은 조생종이 8월 17일에서 8월 23일, 중만생종은 8월 22일에서 8월 29일에 해당되었다. 대구지역은 조생종이 8월 27일에서 9월 2일, 중만생종은 9월 3일에서 9월 6일경으로 주요 재배적지는 제천, 보은, 문경, 영주 등이었다. 4. 적정파종기 추정결과 제천지역은 조생종이 5월 18일에서 5월 26일, 중만생종이 4월 11일 경이었으며, 보은지역은 조생종이 5월 23일에서 5월 28일, 중만생종이 4월 9일에서 4월 26일, 문경지역은 조생종이 5월 24일에서 6월 1일, 중만생종이 4월 21일에서 5월 4일, 영주지역은 조생종이 5월 22일에서 5월 30일, 중만생종이 4월 13일에서 4월 27일, 충주지역은 조생종이 5월 31일에서 6월 7일, 중만생종은 5월 4일에서 5월 14일 경으로 추정되었다. Production of high quality pigmented rice contained with high content of anthocyanin, and polyphenol was significantly influenced by cultivation environments like transplanting date and cultivation location. This study was carried out to establish an optimum transplanting date and cultivation region to produce maximum content of anthocyanin, polyphenol and antioxidant activity of pigmented rice varieties (black, red colored). Three transplanting times (May 20, June 5, June 20) and four different sites (Miryang, Uiseong, Sangju, Bonghwa) were evaluated with five pigmented rice cultivars. Anthocyanin and total polyphenol index to average temperature during 30 days after heading (DAH) of black, red pigmented rice varieties showed that anthocyanin and total polyphenol contents were decreased by 10% and 9%, respectively, with increasing average temperature of 1℃. The optimum ripening temperature of the 30 DAH for the production of high anthocyanin and total polyphenol was 22 to 23℃ for early maturity black rice, 21 to 22℃ for mid-late maturity of black and red rices, respectively. On the other hand, an estimated heading date of pigmented rices in return according to the optimum ripening temperature of the 30 DAH was ranged Aug. 11 to 17 for early maturity black rice, Aug. 25 for mid-late maturity black, red rice variety in Jecheon, Aug. 27 to Sep. 2 for early maturity type, Sep. 3 to 6 for mid-late type in Daegu. It seemed that Jecheon, Boeun, Mungyeong, and Yeongju were optimum regions for cultivation of pigmented rices. The estimated sowing date of pigmented rices for high anthocyanin and total polyphenol production based on the optimum heading date was May 18 to 26 for early maturity black rice variety, April 11 for mid-late black, red variety in Jecheon, May 23 to 28 for early type, April 9 to 26 for mid-late type in Boeun, respectively.

친환경 광역단지 내 젤라틴·키틴분해미생물을 이용한 유기 벼 생산

최승희,차광홍,서동준,박흥규,권오도,안규남,이재학,김길용,정우진,Choi, Seung-Hee,Cha, Kwang-Hong,Seo, Dong-Jun,Park, Hung-Gyu,Kwon, Oh-Do,An, Kyu-Nam,Lee, Jai-Hak,Kim, Kil-Yong,Jung, Woo-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2018 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

1. 유기재배구의 토양조건은 배수가 약간 불량한 미사질 양토인 전북통 보통답으로 유효규산이 높은 것을 제외하고는 우리나라 논토양의 화학적 성분과 평균 함량이 유사하였다. 2. 관행재배구와 유기재배구 간에 생육은 초장, 분얼수, 이삭수, 이삭길이 모두 관행재배구에서 높은 것을 확인하였으며 이삭당 입수와 등숙율은 유기재배구에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 3. 병해충 발생정도는 물바구미, 잎집무늬마름병, 혹명나방, 도열병이 유기재배구에서 많이 발생하였고, 이삭누룩병은 관행재배구에서 조금 더 많이 발생하였다. 4. 주요 관리대상 병해충인 잎집무늬마름병(y=-0.2848x+199.57, $R^2=0.704^*$), 혹명나방 발생(y=-0.1361x+92.535, $R^2=0.8049^*$)과 쌀 수량과의 관계에서 유의성이 높은 부의 상관관계가 나타났다. 5. 백미 품질은 유기재배구에서 파쇄미의 증가로 완전립 비율이 낮았지만, 단백질함량이 관행재배구에 비해 낮아 전반적인 품질 및 윤기치가 높아졌다. 6. 쌀 재배 순수익은 관행재배구에서 36만원/10a, 유기재배구에서 61만원/10a로 유기재배구의 순수익이 68% 높게 나타났다. This study was carried out to investigate the economic value of organic rice production using gelatin chitin microorganisms in eco-friendly complex, Gongsan, Naju city. The soil condition of experiment paddy field was Jeonbuk series and silt loam with a slightly poor drainage. Except for the high effective silicate, the chemical characteristics of soils used were included in the optimum range of paddy soils in Korea. In growth, plant length, tiller number, ear number, and ear length were observed to be higher in conventional paddy fields than organic paddy fields. However, number of grain per panicle and grain filling ratio (%) were higher in organic paddy fields than conventional paddy fields. Incidences of diseases and insect pests were slightly higher in the organic paddy fields. Water weevil, sheath blight, rice leaf roller and rice blast were more occurred in organic paddy field. On the other hand, false smut was higher occurred in conventional paddy field. There was a significant negative correlation between rice sheath blight and rice leaf roller, and rice yield. In the milled rice quality, the quality of organically cultivated milled rices was lower by the increase of broken rice than that of conventionally cultivated milled rices. The quality and palatability of rice were higher in organic cultivation with decreasing of protein content. Net income of conventionally and organically cultivated rice was 360,000 won/10a and 610,000 won/10a, respectively. Premium net income of the organically cultivated rice was 68%.