대단지 아파트가 주거지 분리에 미치는 영향 - 부산광역시를 중심으로

박영민(Park, Young Min),김종구(Kim, Jong Gu) 한국도시설계학회 2021 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.22 No.4

근린주구론을 근거로 아파트 단지는 상가 및 학교를 중심으로 내향적으로 구성되었으며, 하나의 가구(block)를 완결된 하나의 근린주구 단위로 다루었다. 그리고 1,000세대 이상의 대단지 아파트가 확산하면서 하나의 필지가 완결된 하나의 근린주구 단위로 확장하고 있다. 근린주구론에 대해 폐쇄적인 도시공간 구조의 조성 및 인종ㆍ계층에 따른 주거지 분리를 촉발한다는 비판이 있는 점을 고려할 때, 대단지 아파트가 주거지 분리에 영향을 미치는지를 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 부산광역시를 대상으로, 상이지수와 주거지 분리지수를 활용하여 주거지 분리를 진단하였다. 그 결과, 가장 임대료가 높은 5분위와 가장 낮은 1분위 그리고 2분위에서 주거지 분리가 관측되었다. 주거지 분리에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위하여 다중회귀분석과 공간회귀분석을 진행하였다. 공통적으로 통계적 유의성을 가진 변수는 ‘제2종일반주거지역’, ‘제3종일반주거지역’, ‘대단지 아파트’, ‘구시가지’이다. ‘제2종일반주거지역’ 및 ‘제3종일반주거지역’, 그리고 ‘구시가지’는 주거지 분리를 경감하는 요인으로 작용하였으며, ‘대단지 아파트’는 주거지 분리를 가중하는 요인으로 작용하였다. 본 연구결과로 짐작할 수 있는 바는 특정 소득수준에만 초점을 맞춘 단순 대규모 공급보다, 각 지역에서 다양한 주거 선택의 기회가 열어주는 것이 주거지 분리와 주거 계층화, 주거 양극화 개선에 긍정적인 방향으로 작용할 것이라는 점이다. Based on the ‘neighborhood unit’ theory, the apartment complex was composed internally around shops and schools, and was treated as a single neighborhood unit with one household. With the spread of large apartment complex, one lot is treated as a single neighborhood unit. Considering the criticism the ‘neighborhood unit’ created a closed urban space structure and triggered the residential segregation by race and class, it is necessary to analyze whether large apartment complex caused the residential segregation. This study diagnosed residential segregation in Busan and identified the cause of residential segregation in a regression analysis. The total number of groups was divided into five according to housing rents that explained economic conditions. To diagnose the residential segregation, the dissimilarity index and the segregation index was used. Residential segregation was observed in the 5th quintile(paid the highest housing rent) and in the 1st quintle(paid the lowest housing rent), and in the 2nd quintile. Factors affecting residential segregation are analyzed through multiple regression and spatial regression analysis. Common variables which have statistical significance are “2nd Class Residential District”, “3rd Class Residential District”, “large apartment complex” and “old town”. The “2nd Class Residential District”, “3rd Class Residential District”, and “old town” served as factors to reduce the residential segregation, while “large apartment complexes” served as factors to increase the residential segregation.

광주지역 송암산단 환경 대기 중 VOCs 농도 분포와 배출원 추정

황호연 ( Hoyeon Hwang ),박옥현 ( Ok-hyun Park ),장정원 ( Jeong-won Jang ),양윤철 ( Yoon-cheol Yang ),김민진 ( Min-jin Kim ),강창후 ( Changhu Kang ),정희윤 ( Hee-yun Jung ),서광엽 ( Gwang-yeob Seo ),김연희 ( Yunhee Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2024 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.25 No.2

This study investigated the concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and identify the impact of associated meteorological factors in Songam Industrial Complex in Gwangju. Accordingly, we performed a factor analysis to estimate the source of VOCs emissions. Findings included a high level of toluene, acetone, butyl acetate, etc. within the Songam industrial complex, the atmospheric conditions near the proximity of the industrial complex and residential areas manifested a resembling trend. The atmosphere of the nearby environment is thought to be affected by VOCs emitted from the industrial complex. The weather factor analysis demonstrated that the distribution of the VOCs concentration affects the velocity of winds. Upon completion of the factor analysis in the industrial complex, the VOCs emissions in the industrial complex were induced by four factors, of which primary factors indicate painting facilities and exhaust gas of diesel vehicles. The factors of VOCs emissions in residential areas showed five, including the painting facilities and exhaust gas from diesel vehicles as primary factors, which is congruent with the factors in the industrial complex.

사회적 혼합단지 내 임대 및 분양주택 간 주거환경 비교분석

오한규,황세원 대한건축학회 2022 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.38 No.3

Social mix has been adopted into residential developments, especially designating certain duty rates to construct rental units into an apartment complex by regulation. However, substantial consideration toward providing an inclusive or indiscriminative residential environment has been overlooked. This study aims to examine the influence of intensifying difference in terms of residential environment that is respectively applied to sales unit and rental units that are supplied in a single complex. Eighteen social-mix apartment complex cases were selected from two different mixed types of planning technique: (1) parcel-seperated type and (2) parcel-integrated type that accommodates sales and rental units for a comparative analysis. Multiple physical and morphological factors related to complex site planning were analyzed. The results show that the residential environment of rental housing was generally worse in the parcel-integrated type complexes than in the parcel-separated type. Regarding density, the building coverage ratio and the floor area ratio of the rental household area were higher in the parcel-separated type than in the parcel-integrated. The open space ratio(OSR) and livability space ratio(LSR) of rental household area were higher in the parcel-separated type complexes than in the parcel-integrated. Looking into by each complex type, the parcel-separated type complexes showed higher OSR, LSR, and RSR figures in the rental household area than in the sales household area. In parcel-integrated type complexes, all the indices except the RSR were lower in the rental household area than in the sales household area. While all the complexes of both the types had lower communal facility ratio(CFR) in the rental household area than in the sales household area, the gap between the two areas were higher in the parcel-integrated type complexes. Through this study, intensifying social mix is in urgent need of legal support that aims for an indiscriminative and inclusive physical condition. 본 연구는 사회적 혼합에 대한 문제들의 심화가 임대주택의 주거환경에 끼친 영향을 살펴보기 위해 혼합단지를 혼합 정도에 따라 (1) 필지 분리형과 (2) 필지 통합형으로 구분하고 사례를 선정하여 임대 및 분양주택의 단지 차원 주거환경 지표를 비교분석 하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 임대주택의 주거환경은 대체로 필지 분리형 혼합단지보다 필지 통합형 혼합단지에서 더 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기본 밀도 지표는, 필지 분리형보다 필지 통합형에서 임대 영역의 건폐율과 용적률이 더 높게 나타났다. 유형별로는 필지 분리형에서 임대 영역이 더 낮았으나 필지 통합형에서는 임대 영역이 더 낮았다. 셋째, 옥외공간 지표는, 필지 분리형보다 필지 통합형에서 임대 영역의 옥외공간비, 생활가능공간비가 더 낮아졌으며, 휴게공간비, 녹지공간비, 녹지율은 대동소이하였다. 유형별로는 필지 분리형에서 옥외공간비, 생활가능공간비, 휴게공간비가 임대 영역에서 분양 영역보다 컸으며 나머지는 유사하였다. 필지 통합형에서는 휴게공간비를 제외한 모든 지표가 임대 영역에서 더 낮게 나타났다. 넷째, 주민공동시설 지표 역시 필지 분리형보다 필지 통합형에서 임대 영역의 주민공동시설비가 낮았다. 두 유형 모두 임대 영역의 주민공동시설비가 분양 영역보다 낮았으나, 그 차이는 필지가 통합됨에 따라 더 커졌음을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 주동 배치계획 지표는, 필지 분리형의 대부분 사례에서 임대 영역의 조건이 양호했던 반면, 필지 통합형에서는 대부분 사례에서 임대 영역이 열악하였다. 분석을 통해 사회적 혼합을 지향하는 물리적 주거환경에 대한 법제적, 정책적 미비에 따라 임대주택의 주거환경을 절대적으로, 상대적으로 악화시킬 수 있으며, 이에 따른 사회적 혼합의 제고와 함께 법제적 보완이 필요함을 확인하였다.

건축계획적 측면의 초고층 주상복합 아파트에 관한 거주후평가

박성연,박영기,류종혁 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.23 No.9

In the point that residential environment has significant effect on physical, social and psychological aspect of the dwellers, Post-Occupancy Evaluation research provides invaluable data for current situation and future design. Although, not much POE researches on residents of high-rise condominiums have been performed compared to those of ordinary condominiums because of their relatively exclusive character. On this study, based on basic theory of residential environment and proceeding researches on characteristics and architectural planning factors of high-rise residence, new 13 evaluation categories were developed. Through questionnaire survey designed from this new frame, residential satisfaction level of 114 residents of two high-rise residential complex was investigated and analyzed. The result can be served as grounding for understanding residential characteristics for future planning of high-rise residential complex.

아파트단지 외부공간의 친환경요소 적용수준에 따른 만족도 비교 연구

박원규 ( Won Kyu Park ),임선화 ( Sun Hwa Im ) 한국환경복원녹화기술학회 2009 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.12 No.5

This study focused on the analysis of residential satisfaction depending on the extent of the application of environmental-friendly elements on the outdoor space of the apartment complexes. The purpose of this study is to present the basic materials of the environmental-friendly outdoor space planning of residential complexes. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the results of the comparative analysis of the satisfaction of the outdoor space of apartment complexes show that the complexes with the most application of environmental-friendly elements had higher residential satisfaction. But, there was no meaningful statistical difference between the complexes with the highest level of application of the environmental-friendly elements and the complexes with medium level of application. Secondly, according to a comparative analysis, the overall residential satisfaction of the apartment complex was the same as the residential satisfaction of the outdoor space. Therefore, the overall satisfaction of the apartment complex seems to be influenced by the satisfaction of the outdoor space. Thirdly, the results of the correlative analysis of the satisfaction of the apartment complex showed that the satisfaction of the apartment complex increases as the satisfaction of the outdoor space of the apartment complex increases. The results of this study can be used as the basic materials for environmental-friendly outdoor space planning of apartment complexes.

한국형 융합 집합주거문화 계획 연구-정세권의 개량한옥 계획을 대상으로-

최호순 한국융합학회 2019 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4

The Study aims at carrying out basic research on the future housing culture plan by the aging and low fertility phenomenon which is the most serious problem that Korean society faces today. In the future, the housing culture will be transformed into a ‘convergence housing complex’s residential culture’ that can be coexisted with households with various members, rather than a housing type represented by apartments today, due to the phenomenon of nuclear family and the increase of one resident. In this regard, this study is a basic study on the housing complex culture of Korea. It is not that the hosing complex culture has been imported from the western society today, but the Korean traditional housing complex’s culture proposed by Korean first developer Segwon Jeong has already existed in Korea urban and architectural perspective. In the early 20th century, Segwon’s improved Hanok planned to complement the disadvantages of the existing hanok and the modernization of hanok such as the standardization of hanok, moreover the most important point is the beginning of the Korean style housing complex by modernization of the inner space of hanok. It is expected that this study for Segwon’s housing complex of improved hanok will provide important basic data for the Korean-style convergence residential culture plan needed for our society in the future. 본 연구는 오늘날 대한민국 사회가 당면한 가장 심각한 문제인 고령화와 저출산 현상에 의한 미래 주거문화 계획에 관한 기초연구수행을 목표로 한다. 향후 주거문화는 핵가족화 현상과 1인 주거민의 증가로 오늘날 아파트로 대표되는 집합주거형태가 아닌 여러 구성원을 가진 세대가 공존할 수 있는 ‘융합 집합주거문화’로 진전될 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 우리나라의 집합주거문화의 기초연구로서 오늘날 집합주거문화가 서구사회에서 수입되어 온 것이 아니라 우리나라에서도 일제강점기 당시 우리나라 최초의 부동산개발업자 정세권에 의해 한국형 집합주거문화가 이미 존재했음을 도시적 그리고 건축학적 관점에서 분석하였다. 20세기 초반에 정세권이 계획한 개량한옥은 기존의 한옥의 단점을 보완하며 한옥의 표준화와 같은 한옥의 물리적인 측면의 현대화의 가치도 있지만, 한옥 내부공간의 현대화는 한국형 집합주거문화의 시초라는 관점에서 큰 의의가 있다. 본 연구가 수행한 정세권의 개량한옥 주거단지는 향후 우리사회에 필요한 한국형 융합 집합주거문화 계획에 있어 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

유형별 슈퍼블록이 가로활력에 미치는 영향 분석 - 서울시 강남구 역삼2동을 사례로 -

주상민(Joo, Sang-Min),김지엽(Kim, Jee-Yeop) 대한건축학회 2019 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.35 No.10

This study tried to prove why a low-rise residential block is more vitalized than in a superblock consisted of an apartment housing complex. To do this, two adjacent superblocks in Yeoksam 2-dong were selected as a case study among superblocks of residential area in Gangnam, Seoul. It adopted the concept of "complexity", "Osmosis", "Vitality" and "Permeability" for evaluation indexes to measure street vitality. As a result, four indexes were clearly higher in low-density residential superblocks than apartment housing complex superblocks. First, the superblocks for apartment housing complexes showed a lower "complexity" because large-scale parcels for an apartment housing complex reduces a possibility for various land uses. Second, smaller blocks improved "osmosis" compared to larger blocks, and the larger the block, the less likely it is that buildings and streets penetrate activity. Third, as the apartment complex block became larger, the number of accesses decreased. Thus, it did not provide vitality to the streets. Fourth, high permeability was shown in the low-density superblocks, while that of the superblock consisted of apartment housing complexes was very low because the entrance of the complexes entrance is closed to the public. The results of this study demonstrated that an apartment housing complex may hamper street vitality and deteriorate the quality of urban environments.

대도시 내 산업시설과 주거지역의 공생방안 연구 -인천 삼표 레미콘 공장의 복합플랜트화를 중심으로-

김재인,유영수 한국공간디자인학회 2023 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.18 No.7

(Background and Purpose) With the expansion of the city and the growth of the population, residential land is supplied to industrial areas with low land prices, and various spatial and structural problems are occurring. However, the relocation of industrial facilities is difficult, and especially in the case of ready-mixed concrete plants, it is more impossible to relocate because procurement time has important specificity. Therefore, this study aims to propose a "vari-topos" as for solution to the problem of state-air conflict that is not resolved by the current plan for urban planning, and improvement measures of land use efficiency and settlement environment at the state-air boundary. (Method) Incheon City is characterized by a mixture of residential and industrial land use. The southeastern national industrial complex has moved relatively inside the city due to the continuous expansion of the inner city and the development of outer new cities, but there is no specific management means in the case of industrial areas at the border. In particular, in the case of the Sampyo Industrial Songdo factory, the land use efficiency in the station influence area is low, and continuous complaints are occurring in nearby residential areas. Accordingly, research will be conducted on the Songdo plant of Sampyo Industrial in Incheon to maintain industrial facility functions, develop dense station areas, and improve the settlement environment of residents. Through prior research and case analysis, the role of industrial facilities and the design conditions and strategies of complex facilities are derived, and systems and directions to identify and supplement the limitations of current laws and policies are presented. (Results) Design consideration factors were derived by analyzing previous studies according to keywords for the development of the target site. First, each line of residential-industrial traffic is clearl separated and planned, and a walking-friendly environment is created through green areas. It also introduces public programs and links them with history to carry out complex development in the station area. The strategy of this study was established by linking the above considerations with the spatial strategies summarized through case analysis are ① the expansion and formation of green areas, ② the hub of urban functions, ③ the connection of various levels, and ④ the stacking of upper floors. (Conclusions) This study proposed a three-dimensional space plan that uses it as an opportunity to create insufficient public facilities in the local community on the premise of vertical separation of ready-mixed concrete manufacturing facilities and use of underground facilities that adversely affect the surrounding residential environment, which requires land use regulation and urban planning system improvement. It is hoped that this study can be used as a basis for persuading the necessity of improving the current system and development effect.

공동주택단지 조명환경의 거주자 인식분석에 관한 연구

김진욱 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

A Residential Apartment Complex is living space for variety mankind and working 24 hours of a day with outdoor area for public. This outdoor spaces are usually safe with lighting facilities to make blight exterior space. Especially, nowaday night time crimes are penetrate to the residential area and it is very important to make proper night light environment for essential elements for urban area. But there is no appropriate national standard for outdoor light environment and research for residence recognition and request elements for safe environment. In this point, inspection for newly developed housing complex block in Seoul were examined. Especially these town were designed for special night scape design for identity of block. Also recognitions of light environment for night time were studied. As a Result, luminance of light for pedestrian area serve with very irregular light condition;values of luminance are from 6.1lx to 120lx. It is not satisfaction value for pedestrian corridor requirement of Korean Industrial Standards. From the survey, residents satisfied about overall light environment, but more than 35% residents did not satisfied intensity of illumination of outdoor space in certain block apartment complex. For conclusion, national standard for outdoor light environment and the administrative procedures would be suggested. 공동주택은 다양한 구성원이 거주하는 주거공간이며 24시간 전일 활용이 되는 옥외공간을 중심으로 공영영역이 구성된다. 이러한 공용공간이 야간에도 안전하게 이용할 수 있는 것은 외부공간을 밝혀주는 조명시설 때문이다. 특히 최근 들어 야간시간에각종 범죄가 주거지역까지 빈번하게 발생되는 현시점에서 적절한 야간 빛 환경은 중요한 구성요소로 취급되어지고 있다. 그러나이러한 야외조명 환경에 대한 국가차원의 기준이 전무하며 주민들의 인식과 필요사항에 대한 연구가 부족한 현실이다. 이러한차원에서 신축된 서울시내의 공동주택단지의 조명환경에 대한 실태조사와 주민들의 인식조사를 통해 옥외 조명환경에 대한 고찰을 하였다. 그 결과 가로등이 설치된 보행로의 조도값이 6.1lx에서 120lx까지 변화가 큰 것으로 나타났으며 이는 한국산업규격의 옥외시설의 통로 기준을 만족하지 못하는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 주민들의 조도의 밝기에 대한 평가도 전반적으로 양호하나 일부단지에서는 어둡다는 비율이 35%로 나타났다. 본 연구에 나타난 결과를 바탕으로 전반적인 야간조명 환경에 대한 기준마련 및 행정적 검증 절차가 필요한 것으로 보인다.

산을 背景으로 하는 아파트團地 景觀에 대한 影響要因 別 視覺的 選好效果 分析

홍경구 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.8

The purpose of this study is to analyze visual preference effects of visual factors, based on the result of analysing visual preference factors of scenic types of residential area. To achieve this purpose, we use factorial design that is one of the experimental design to the group of 101 experts. In order to make slide similar with real photographs, Experimental data are made by means of housing design and mapping building by the real apartment building material. As a result, we can obtain visual preference effects of the visual factor by 5-way ANOVA, and source, 2-interaction, 3-interaction and 4-interaction. 'The FAR(the height of building) of the sources is more preferred and the 2-interaction of all the 2-interactions, 'the changes of buildings heights + landscape ', is more preferred and so on. There is no doubt that factorial design can find visual preference effects in addition to visual preference distinction. So, we can analyze visual preference effects on all the sources and decide the ranking of visual preference on the subject of the management of townscape, especially on Apartment complex.