Lipoxygenase - 지질과산화반응에 미치는 당뇨병혈장의 영향

김양순(Yang Soon Kim),이태희(Tai Hee Lee),이민화(Min Hwa Lee),이재우(Jae Woo Lee) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.2

To clarify the mechanism for the increased lipid peroxidation in diabetics, antioxidant activity of blood plasma in lipoxygenase-induced peroxidation of linolenic acid in vitro was investigated by measuring oxygen consumption during the reaction. Addition of normal blood plasma to lipoxygenase reaction mixture markedly reduced the oxygen consumption rate, indicating that normal blood plasma inhibits lipoxygenase-induced lipid peroxidation, However, the blood plasma taken from diabetic subjects showed a much less inhibitory effect on the reaction as compared to normal plasma. Although the inhibitory effect of normal and diabetic plasma on the lipoxygenase reaction showed an inverse correlation to plasma glucose, cholesterol and free fatty acid levels, it showed a most marked inverse correlation to glycation levels of plasma proteins. The inhibitory activity of blood plasma was found to be mediated by serum albumin, and when bovine serum albumin was glycated in vitro by incubating with 0.5 M glucose, the inhibitory activity of the glycated albumin decreased proportionately as the glycation level of albumin increased. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of plasma on lipoxygenase-induced lipid peroxidation is mediated by serum albumin which can bind free fatty acids and protect them from peroxidation and that increased glycation of serum albumin in diabetic plasma may partly account for its decreased ability to inhibit lipoxygenase reaction. It is also suggested that the increased lipid peroxidation in diabetics could be partly explained by increased protein glycation which may interfere with the antioxidant action of serum albumin

Effects of plasma treatment on the oxidative stability of vegetable oil containing antioxidants

Na, HeeSun,Mok, ChulKyoon,Lee, JaeHwan Elsevier 2020 Food chemistry Vol.302 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Plasma, the fourth stage of matter, is a partially or wholly ionized state of gas. Degree of lipid oxidation and effects of antioxidants were evaluated in bulk oils at plasma treatment. Significant changes in the conjugated dienoic acid were induced after 10 min of plasma treatment, which corresponded to treatment for 2.5 h at 100 °C and 48 h at 60 °C. Tocopherol stability in the stripped corn oil was significantly higher than that in medium-chain triacylglycerol after the plasma treatment. The antioxidant capacities of 10 μM of α-tocopherol and sesamol were higher than that of β-carotene, and synergistic effects among α-tocopherol, sesamol, and β-carotene were not observed. Added α-tocopherol and sesamol decreased CDA formation by 33 and 30% compared to control samples after plasma treatment. Moisture content in oils decreased significantly about 20% moisture after 6 min plasma treatment. Lipid oxidation could be an important issue in plasma-treated lipid-rich products.</P> <P><B>Highlight</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effects of plasma treatment on oxidative stability were determined in bulk oil. </LI> <LI> 10 min of plasma treatment induced oxidation like 2.5 h of 100 °C or 48 h of 60 °C. </LI> <LI> Tocopherols in stripped corn oil remained more than in MCT by plasma treatment. </LI> <LI> 10 μM of α-tocopherol and sesamol had higher antioxidant power than β-carotene. </LI> <LI> Moisture content decreased significantly after plasma treatment in bulk oil. </LI> </UL> </P>

Plasma‐induced Water Pore Formation in Model Cell Membranes: Molecular Dynamics Simulation

김성한,이준열,장락우 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.4

We have investigated the mechanism of plasma‐induced water pore formation in model 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DOPC) bilayer membrane systems using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Oxidized by reactive oxygen species generated upon the plasma treatment, unsaturated hydrocarbon tails of DOPC lipids are converted into shortened hydrocarbon tails with terminal groups such as peroxide or aldehyde. Among them, the lipids with both hydrocarbon tails oxidized into aldehyde groups are particularly susceptible to the stable water pore formation. By analyzing the water pore formation dynamics, lipid escape, and lipid clustering for the plasma‐damaged DOPC membrane systems, we have found that a stable water pore is formed in the membrane region where the plasma‐damaged lipids are highly concentrated or locally clustered. In the plasma‐damaged lipid‐rich region, a continuous water channel through the membrane is easily established with the help of the terminal aldehyde groups in the tails of damaged lipids, and it continuously grows with time to form a stable water pore. The rapid local clustering or domain formation of the plasma‐damaged lipids is due to both the hydrophobic mismatch between normal and oxidized DOPC lipids and enhanced lateral diffusion of the oxidized lipids in the membrane. We have also observed that the onset concentration of oxidized lipids for the stable water pore formation is approximately 30% in the model DOPC membrane systems.

한국산 재래종 메밀의 에탄올추출물이 고지방식이 섭취 흰쉬의 혈중 지질수준에 미치는 영향

이명헌,하경선,이정선 한국국제농업개발학회 2019 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the ethanol extract of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Mӧench) on plasma lipid profile of high fat diet rats. The SD rats were divided into four groups : normal-diet control group (NC), high-fat diet control group (HFC), high-fat diet and 40% ethanol buckwheat extract (5%, w/w) treated group (HF-40) and high-fat diet and 70% ethanol buckwheat extract (5%, w/w) treated group (HF-70). The experimental diets were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks. The liver weight was increased by a high fat diet, but significantly decreased in the HF-70 group compared with the HFC group (p<0.05). GOT, GPT and total cholesterol concentration in plasma decreased in the HF-40 group and HF-70 group compared with the HFC group. Triglyceride concentration in plasma significantly decreased in the HF-40 group and HF-70 group compared with the HFC group (p<0.05). Especially, the plasma triglyceride level significantly decreased in the HF-40 group (119.1mg/dl) compared with the NC group (126.0mg/dl) (p<0.05). Compared with the HFC group's plasma cholesteryl ester level of 125.0 mg/dl, the levels of the HF-40 and HF-70 groups were significantly lowered to 116.9 mg/dl and 88.5 mg/dl (p<0.05), respectively. The levels of LDL-cholesterol in plasma were in the order of HFC group (130.6mg/dl) > HF-40 group (121.3mg/dl) > HF-70 group (85.1mg/dl) significantly (p<0.05). In conclusion, buckwheat 70% ethanol extract effectively reduce the lipid components of plasma. The HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio of the HF-70 group was significantly higher than that of the HFC group (p<0.05). Atherogenic indexes of the HF-40 group and HF-70 group had a tendency to be lower compared with those of the HFC group. Especially, atherogenic index of the HF-70 group was statistically similar to that of the NC group. These results suggest that the buckwheat ethanol extract, especially 70% ethanol extract may indicate the effect of reducing the lipid concentration in the plasma. Therefore, the buckwheat ethanol extract may be possibly effective in relieving dyslipidemia as well as circulatory diseases. 본 연구는 한국산 재래종 메밀가루를 40%, 70% 에탄올(발효주정)로 각각 처리하여 메밀 추출물을 제조하였고 이를 동결건조한 다음 고지방식이에 혼합하여 흰쥐에게 섭취시킨 후나타나는 식이성 고지혈증의 개선효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 실험군은 정상대조군(NC), 고지방대조군(HFC), 고지방-40%에 탄올메밀추출물군(HF-40), 고지방-70%에탄올메밀추출물군(HF- 70) 4군으로 나누어 4주간 실험식이로 사육하였으며 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 실험동물의 식이섭취량과 체중증가량 및 사료효율은 실험군들 간에 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 실험동물의 장기 중 간무게를 비교한 결과 정상대조군에비해 고지방대조군에서 유의적으로 높았고 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-70군은 유의적으로 낮았고 (p<0.05) 정상대조군도 비슷한 수준이었다. 3. 혈중 GOT, GPT 수치는 정상대조군이 가장 낮았고 고지방대조군이 가장 높았으며 HF-40군과 HF-70군은 고지방대조군보다 낮은 경향을 보였다. 혈당 농도는 전체 실험군 중에서HF-70군이 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 4. 혈중 중성지질 농도는 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 가장 높았고 정상대조군과 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-40군이 유의적으로 낮았으며(p<0.05) 혈중 유리지방산 농도는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 혈중 콜레스테롤 농도는 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군에서 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.05) 고지방대조군과 비교했을때 HF-70군에서 낮은 경향을 보였으며, 혈중 유리콜레스테롤농도는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤에스터 수치는 정상대조군이 71.6mg/dl로 유의적으로 가장낮았고 고지방대조군의 125.0mg/dl와 비교하여 HF-40군, HF- 70군은 각각 116.9mg/dl, 88.5mg/dl로 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 특히 HF-70군은 HF-40군에 비해서도 유의하게 낮은것으로 나타났다. 6. 혈중 LDL-콜레스테롤은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 유의적으로 높았으며 고지방대조군(130.6mg/dl)에 비해HF-70군(85.1mg/dl)에서 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 7. 혈중 HDL-콜레스테롤은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방식이군들이 유의적으로 낮았으며(p<0.05) 고지방실험군들 간에는유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 HDL-콜레스테롤/총콜레스테롤의 비율은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 유의적으로낮았고 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-70군이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 8. 동맥경화지수는 정상대조군이 가장 낮았으며 고지방대조군이 정상대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높았고 고지방대조군에비해 HF-70군은 유의적으로 낮았다 (p<0.05). 본 실험에서 고지방식이를 섭취한 쥐의 이상지질혈증은 메밀 에탄올추출물에 의해 개선되었으며 40% 에탄올 메밀추출물보다 70% 에탄올 메밀추출물에서 더욱 많이 개선되는 것으로 확인되었다.

痲醉有無에 따른 章門·期門穴의 鬱金藥針이 高脂肪性 食餌로 因한 高脂血症 白鼠에 미치는 影響

朴元煥 대한동의병리학회 1999 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.13 No.1

動物性 脂肪攝取量의 增加, 運動不足, 肥滿, 스트레스의 加重, 高齡化의 增加 等의 原因으로 循環器系疾患의 發病率이 증가하고 있으며, 이러한 循環器系疾患의 危險因子로서 高脂血症이 重要하게 대두되고 있다. 韓醫學에서는 高脂血症이란 痰證을, 心悸, 眩暈, 眞心痛, 頭痛, 뇌비, 中風 等의 誘發因子로 歸屬시킬 수 있으며, 高脂血症을 誘發하는 原因으로 痰濁, 瘀血, 氣滯血瘀등과 腎虛, 脾腎虧虛, 肝腎陰虛, 脾胃濕熱 等을 言及하여 臟腑의 精氣가 虛衰한 狀態에서 飮食不節이나 肥甘厚味한 飮食을 지나치게 섭취하거나, 好坐好靜이나 七情勞傷 等의 病機에 依한 正虛邪實症으로 辨證할 수 있다. 高脂血症과 關聯하여 본 著者는 痰飮과 瘀血의 相關性 下에서 痰飮의 한 病態模型으로서 이를 硏究한 바 있으며, 高脂血症에 關한 臨床的 硏究로는 活血, 祛瘀 및 化痰을 爲主로 하는 治法을 設定하였으며, 이중 藥針療法의 實驗的 硏究도 꾸준히 계속 되고 있다. 藥針 療法은 經絡을 이용한 針治療 作用과 注射 療法을 통한 藥物의 藥理 作用을 결합한 것으로 穴位, 鍼刺, 藥物을 결합한 독특한 치료 방법인데, 이러한 藥針의 作用인 穴位, 針刺, 藥物作用중 '針刺'에 대한 자극반응을 느낄 때와 느끼지 못할 때 나타날 수 있는 藥針의 反應에 대한 硏究는 매우 유익하리라 생각되었다. 실험실에서 제작한 高脂肪性固形飼料를 rat에 자유섭취시키면서, 실험 동물에 대한 痲醉與否에 다라 針刺에 대한 痛覺的 刺戟을 조절하면서, 高脂肪性食餌 高脂血症病態白鼠에 Curcuma aromatica을 藥針製劑로 하여, 期門穴과 章門穴에 鬱金藥針을 시술한 후 白鼠의 血淸 및 肝組織液內의 total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholestrol 等의 含量變化 및 血漿中 fibrinogen, PT, PTT, viscosity 등의 變化를 觀察하였다. 藥針이 經穴에 적용될 때 鍼刺戟에 대한 작용과 약물에 대한 효과를 비교하고, 藥針의 작용기전에 대하여 조금이나마 이해를 하기 위하여 본 실험에 착수 하였으나, 특정 병태 동물(흰쥐)에 특정 經穴과 특정 藥針液을 사용한 까닭으로 실험적 한계를 벗어날 수 없었으며, 본래 의도하였던 목적에는 많은 부족함을 느끼게 하였다. 하지만 이번 실험을 통하여 특정 藥針의 특정 병태에 대한 그 작용기전을 연구 할 수 있었던 점과 계속적으로 이에 대한 연구에 관심을 가질수 있었다는 데에 작은 보람으로 생각되며, 앞으로 더욱 체계적이고 심도있는 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사려된다. Diet is the fundamental condition for human beings to live in good health. An improper diet can affect the physiological functions of the viscera and reduce the organism's resistance to disease. Thus becoming pathogenic factors. In particular, a heavy and fatty diet can increase opportunity for adults to become infected by diseases. Blood lipids are composed of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and free fatty acids. Hyperlipidemia implies the increased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in the plasma. It is closely related to atherosclerosis. As blood lipids are transported in the form of lipoprotein, hyperlipidemia can also manifest itself as hyperlipoproteinemia, Hyperlipidemia is included in the categoreis of "xuan you"(vertigo), "tan zhuo"(phlegm syndrome) and others in Oriental medicine. Retention of phlegm-fluid is pathological products in the body, which manifest themselves through the course of illness. When retention of phlegm-fluid developes, it can act directly or indirectly, effect certain tissues or organs in the human body. Thus, causing new pathological changes, and forming various syndromes. Therefore it become also a group of pathogenic factors. In oriental medicine differentiation and treatment of hyperlipidemia are divided into deficiency of the Liver-yin, Kidney-yin and retention of Damp-heat in the Interior. Therapeutic principle of deficiency of the Liver-yin and Kidney-yin is nourishing the liver-yin and kidney-yin. Therapeutic principle of retention of Damp-heat in the Interior is eliminating pathogenic dampness and heat. This study is in order to investigate the effect of Curcuma aromatica aqua-acupuncture in narcosis and non-narcosis. Aqua-acupuncture treatment is composed of acupuncture-treatment and herbal drugs' action. Acupuncture-treatment is known as using by the physiological function of the Channels and Collaterals, pathological changes, induction, transmission and regulation. The channels induce stimulation and transmit information. If some region of the human body is stimulated, such stimulation will be transmitted along the channel to the reated viscera or bowels in the body. As a result, the relevant physiological or pathological changes take place. These changes are reflected on the body surface through the channels. Especially, indications of the Live Channel are stuffiness and pain in the costal regions, stuffiness in the chest, pain in the lower abdomen, hernia, pain in the top of the head. And indications of Zhangmen(LR13) and Qimen(LR14) are vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distention, costalgia, chest pain and pain in the hypochondriac region. Curcuma aromatica is used to relieve pain by regulating the circulation of vital energy for the treatment of pains in chest, abdomen or costal regions due to stagnation of vital energy and blood, such as the pain of liver area due to hepatitis, as a cholagogue for the treatment of hepatogenic jaundice. Material and methods are as a follows. Rats(sprague dawley) were divided into 4 groups. The first, normal group is physiological normal state. The second, control group is not treated aqua-acupuncture as high lipid solid feed-treated group. The third, test 1 group is treated high lipid solid feed and Curcuma aromatica aqua-acupuncture in non-narcosis. The forth, test 2 group is treated high lipid solid feed and Curcuma aromatica aqua-acupuncture in narcosis. Hyperlipidemia was induced in male rats by high lipid solid for 20 days. Curcuma aromatica aqua-acupuncture was treated to both groups in narcosis and non-narcosis every two days in the points corresponding to Zhangmen(LR13) and Qimen(LR14) in human body. So, each of this groups were compaired and assessed by measuring the levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride in serum and liver tissue-solution, and measuring the levels of fibrinogen, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and viscosity in plasma. As a result, we can conclude as follows; 1. The level of serum total cholesterol was decreased with the significance in the test 1,2 groups. and the level of liver tissue-solution total cholesterol was decreased with the significance in 10,20days of the test 1 group as compared with the control groups. 2. The level of serum HDL cholesterol was increased with significance in 20 days of test 2 group. and the level of liver tissue-solution HDL cholesterol was increased but there was not significance as compared with the control groups. 3. The level of serum triglyceride was decreased with significance in 10,20 days of test 1 group and 20 days of test 2 group. and the level of liver tissue-solution triglyceride was decreased with significance in 10,20 days of test 1 group and 10 days of test 2 group as compared with Control group 4. The level of plasma fibrinogen was increased with significance in 10 days of test 1 group 5. The level of plasma prothrombin time was increased in 10 days of test 1,2 group as compared with Control group. 6. The level of plasma partial thromboplastin time was increased in 10,20 days of test 1,2 group as compared with Control group. 7. The level of plasma viscosity was decreased with significance in shear rate 4.5 of 20 days of test 2 group as compared with the control groups. It is considered that Curcuma aromatica aqua-acupuncture at Zhangmen(LR13) and Qimen(LR14) in non-narcosis had a noticeable therapeutic effect on the hyperlipidemia induced by high lipid solid diet in male rats. So its can be can be applied as effective prvention and therapy for disturbance of lipid metabolism induced hype lipid diet, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis induced disturbance of lipid metabolism.

사람과 쥐에서 식이내 n6 와 n3 불포화지방산이 혈장 지질조성에 미치는 영향

박현서,남정혜,최주선 慶熙大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

To compare the plasma lipid-lowering effect of dietary n6 and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) in human and rats, ten college women were divided into 5 groups and treated for 5 weeks with 1 week interval between treatments and subjects serving as their own controls. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups and fed the experimental diets for 6 weeks. The experimental diets were corn oil diet for n6 linoleic acid, perilla oil diet for n3 α-linolenic acid and fish oil diet for n3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA). Dietary fat was supplied at 30% Cal and modified to give the total amount of satu-rated fatty acid(SFA) and monoenoic acid(MEA)at constant level. In human, there was no significant effect on plasma cholesterol (Chol)level by different PUFA. However, on a gram­for­gram basis, there was a trend that the decrease in plasma Chol was proportionate to the degree of fat unsaturation. HDL―Chol content was significantly increased only in fish oil diet but no change in the relative proportion of its chemical components of HDL. In rat, plasma Chol and HDL―Chol levels were significantly lowered by fish oil than corn oil and perilla oil. Plasma Chol―lowering effect in human and rats was greater by n3 EPA and DHA than n6 linoleic acid. Plasma triglyceride(TG)level in human was significantly lowered only in fish oil diet but no significant effect on the relative proportion of TG in VLDL. Plasma TG in rats was significantly decreased by both perilla oil and fish oil than by corn oil. Therefore, plasma TG―lowering effect was in the order of n3 EPA+DHA>n3 α­linolenic acid >n6 linoleic acid. In conclusion, perilla oil and fish oil which contain n3 series PUFA may have important nutritional benefit in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic disease.

한국산 재래종 메밀의 에탄올추출물이 고지방식이 섭취 흰쥐의 혈중 지질수준에 미치는 영향

이명헌,하경선,이정선 한국국제농업개발학회 2019 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 한국산 재래종 메밀가루를 40%, 70% 에탄올(발효주정)로 각각 처리하여 메밀 추출물을 제조하였고 이를 동결건조한 다음 고지방식이에 혼합하여 흰쥐에게 섭취시킨 후 나타나는 식이성 고지혈증의 개선효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 실험군은 정상대조군(NC), 고지방대조군(HFC), 고지방-40%에 탄올메밀추출물군(HF-40), 고지방-70%에탄올메밀추출물군(HF- 70) 4군으로 나누어 4주간 실험식이로 사육하였으며 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 실험동물의 식이섭취량과 체중증가량 및 사료효율은 실험군들 간에 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 실험동물의 장기 중간무게를 비교한 결과 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군에서 유의적으로 높았고 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-70군은 유의적으로 낮았고 (p<0.05) 정상대조군도 비슷한 수준이었다. 3. 혈중 GOT, GPT 수치는 정상대조군이 가장 낮았고 고지방대조군이 가장 높았으며 HF-40군과 HF-70군은 고지방대조군보다 낮은 경향을 보였다. 혈당 농도는 전체 실험군 중에서 HF-70군이 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 4. 혈중 중성지질 농도는 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 가장 높았고 정상대조군과 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-40군 이 유의적으로 낮았으며(p<0.05) 혈중 유리지방산 농도는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 혈중 콜레스테롤 농도는 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군에서 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.05) 고지방대조군과 비교했을 때 HF-70군에서 낮은 경향을 보였으며, 혈중 유리콜레스테롤 농도는 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤에스터 수치는 정상대조군이 71.6mg/dl로 유의적으로 가장 낮았고 고지방대조군의 125.0mg/dl와 비교하여 HF-40군, HF- 70군은 각각 116.9mg/dl, 88.5mg/dl로 유의적으로 낮았다 (p<0.05). 특히 HF-70군은 HF-40군에 비해서도 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 6. 혈중 LDL-콜레스테롤은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 유의적으로 높았으며 고지방대조군(130.6mg/dl)에 비해 HF-70군(85.1mg/dl)에서 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 7. 혈중 HDL-콜레스테롤은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방식이군들이 유의적으로 낮았으며(p<0.05) 고지방실험군들 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 HDL-콜레스테롤/총콜레스테 롤의 비율은 정상대조군에 비해 고지방대조군이 유의적으로 낮았고 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-70군이 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 8. 동맥경화지수는 정상대조군이 가장 낮았으며 고지방대조군이 정상대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높았고 고지방대조군에 비해 HF-70군은 유의적으로 낮았다 (p<0.05). 본 실험에서 고지방식이를 섭취한 쥐의 이상지질혈증은 메밀 에탄올추출물에 의해 개선되었으며 40% 에탄올 메밀추출 물보다 70% 에탄올 메밀추출물에서 더욱 많이 개선되는 것으로 확인되었다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the ethanol extract of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Mӧench) on plasma lipid profile of high fat diet rats. The SD rats were divided into four groups : normal-diet control group (NC), high-fat diet control group (HFC), high-fat diet and 40% ethanol buckwheat extract (5%, w/w) treated group (HF-40) and high-fat diet and 70% ethanol buckwheat extract (5%, w/w) treated group (HF-70). The experimental diets were fed ad libitum for 4 weeks. The liver weight was increased by a high fat diet, but significantly decreased in the HF-70 group compared with the HFC group (p<0.05). GOT, GPT and total cholesterol concentration in plasma decreased in the HF-40 group and HF-70 group compared with the HFC group. Triglyceride concentration in plasma significantly decreased in the HF-40 group and HF-70 group compared with the HFC group (p<0.05). Especially, the plasma triglyceride level significantly decreased in the HF-40 group (119.1mg/dl) compared with the NC group (126.0mg/dl) (p<0.05). Compared with the HFC group's plasma cholesteryl ester level of 125.0 mg/dl, the levels of the HF-40 and HF-70 groups were significantly lowered to 116.9 mg/dl and 88.5 mg/dl (p<0.05), respectively. The levels of LDL-cholesterol in plasma were in the order of HFC group (130.6mg/dl) > HF-40 group (121.3mg/dl) > HF-70 group (85.1mg/dl) significantly (p<0.05). In conclusion, buckwheat 70% ethanol extract effectively reduce the lipid components of plasma. The HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio of the HF-70 group was significantly higher than that of the HFC group (p<0.05). Atherogenic indexes of the HF-40 group and HF-70 group had a tendency to be lower compared with those of the HFC group. Especially, atherogenic index of the HF-70 group was statistically similar to that of the NC group. These results suggest that the buckwheat ethanol extract, especially 70% ethanol extract may indicate the effect of reducing the lipid concentration in the plasma. Therefore, the buckwheat ethanol extract may be possibly effective in relieving dyslipidemia as well as circulatory diseases.

임신 중 비타민 C와 비타민 E 투여 후 임신부 정맥혈장과 제대정맥혈장내 지질과산화물, 항산화능 및 항산화 비타민 농도

김윤하 ( Yoon Ha Kim ),김종운 ( Jong Woon Kim ),김철홍 ( Chul Hong Kim ),조문경 ( Moon Kyoung Cho ),김석모 ( Seok Mo Kim ),강우대 ( Woo Dae Kang ),조혜연 ( Hye Yon Cho ),양성렬 ( Sung Yeul Yang ),안봉환 ( Bong Whan Ahn ),송태복 ( 대한산부인과학회 2009 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.52 No.11

Objective: This controlled trial investigated the effect of supplementation with vitamins C and E on the lipid peroxide, antioxidant ability, and antioxidant vitamin levels in full term maternal and umbilical venous plasma. Methods: Forty pregnant women were randomized in this study. They were nulliparous or multiparous women with history of preeclampsia or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Twenty women were given vitamin C (1,000 mg/day) and vitamin E (400 IU/day) from 15~20 gestational weeks to delivery. The others were not given, as a control group. Maternal venous blood was obtained before vitamin supplementation and just before delivery. Umbilical venous blood was obtained after delivery. Lipid peroxide level and oxygen-radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were measured by thiobarbituric acid reaction and Cao`s method, respectively. Ascorbic acid, uric acid, β-carotene, retinol, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: Supplementation with vitamins C and E was associated with decrease in lipid peroxide levels and increase in ORAC values and α-tocopherol levels in maternal venous plasma. And it was also associated with decrease in lipid peroxide levels and increase in ORAC values and α-tocopherol levels in umbilical venous plasma. Conclusion: Supplementation with vitamins C and E may be beneficial in the prevention of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance origin diseases such as preeclampsia, PPROM. And it also may affect antioxidant ability of the fetus.

Cold plasma treatments for improvement of the applicability of defatted soybean meal-based edible film in food packaging

Oh, Y.A.,Roh, S.H.,Min, S.C. IRL Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Food hydrocolloids Vol.58 No.-

<P>This study investigated the effects of cold plasma treatment (CPT) using various plasma-forming gases on the physical properties of defatted soybean meal (DSM)-based edible film (DSM film). The effect of packaging smoked salmon using a cold plasma (CP)-treated DSM film on the storage stability of salmon was also evaluated. DSM film was formed by casting film-forming solutions (DSM/glycerol at a ratio of 10: 3) prepared by high-pressure (172 MPa) homogenization. Among the O-2-, N-2-, air-, He- and Ar-CPTs, Ar-CPT, which increased elongation and lightness of the DSM film, was optimized against tensile strength, elongation, and water vapor permeability using a response surface analysis. Optimal plasma generation time and power were predicted as 15 min and 400 W, respectively. The tensile strength, elongation, and moisture barrier property of DSM film increased by 6.8%, 13.4%, and 24.4%, respectively, after CPT at optimal conditions. The CPT formed DSM film that decomposed easily and retarded lipid oxidation and hardness reduction of smoked salmon during storage at 4 degrees C. The results from this study suggest the use of CPT for improving the applicability of DSM film in food packaging. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

세팔로스포린 3′-퀴놀론의 물리화학적 성질, 안정성 및 체내약물동태

나성범,공재양,김완주,지웅길 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

A cephalosporin with an aminothiazolylmethoxyimino-type side chain at the 7 position and bicyclic quinolone dithicarbamate at the 3' position was synthesized. It has broad and potent antivacterial activity in vitro. The antibacterial spectrum reflects contributions of both the cephalosporin moiety and the quinolone moiety. Thus, this compound was named DACD implying a dual-action cephalosporin derivative. In this paper, the physicochemical properties (lipid-water partition, pKa), stability and pharmacokinetics of DACD were determined and compared with cefotaxime 3'-norfloxacin dithiocarbamate (CENO). Stability tests were studied in pH 1.20, 6.80 and 8.00 buffers and in the presence of AB type human plasma, rat liver homogenate and its β-lactamase. The pharmacokinetic paramaters of DACD were evaluated in mice after a single intravenous dose of 40 ㎎/㎏. The results are as follows. The lipid-water partition coefficient of DACD was higher than that of CENO. The calculated pKa values of CENO and DACD, were 6.82±0.03, 7.53±0.21, respectively. In the hydrolysis test, half-lives (t^1/2) of CENO and DACD was 66.0 hr and 80.0 hr in pH 6.80 buffer, 190 hr and 91.4 hr in pH 8.00 buffer. CENO and DACD were rapidly hydrolyzed in human plasma and in rat liver homogenate. Half-lives (t_1/2) of CENO and DACD were 1.29 hr and 1.15 hr in human plasma, 0.62 hr and 0.71 hr rat liver homogenate. In β-lactamase stability test, CENO and DACD were very stable to the β-lactamase obtained from three different strains. Half-life (t_1/2) and areas under the curve (AUC) in mice were 2.33 hr and 15.97 (㎎·h/I), respectively.