Diversification and Status Signals in the Art World and the Art Markets

PARK CHAN-UNG(박찬웅) 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2009 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.38 No.1

Recent studies of the art markets and the art world show the importance of genres, status and identity of organizations such that these can be conceptualized in organizational studies as the issue of niches and status. Organizational studies, however, have not examined cultural organizations like art galleries despite the relevance of niches, status and identity of such organizations. In this study, I focus on fine art photography in New York’s fine art galleries to examine how diversification of genres (e.g., photography, painting or sculpture) as the status and niches of these galleries interact with each other in the context of collective mobility of the photography genres. The resource-partitioning theory demonstrates that the degree of market concentration differently affects the survival chance of generalists and specialists. The statusbased theory adds that a high-status organization would be constrained to enter low-status market domains to avoid lowering its status. Combining both theories, status and niche width would influence organizations’ survival and consequent distribution of organizations across niches. In this analysis, I show that there is a higher degree of cross-pollination of photography with specific genres such as paintings or sculptures than with other genres, and I discuss several factors on cross-pollination. They collectively enhance the status of fine art photography within the contemporary art world, the interests of collectors from other contemporary art genres, the multi-medium orientation of contemporary artists, and the rise of photography art auctions and art fairs is a new type of markets for photography. At the organizational level, a gallery’s status as measured by critical attention of key critics has a U-shaped correlation with its niche width or genre diversification. Based on such correlation, I propose a “status spill-over” as opposed to “status leak” argument, in which high-status organizations selectively enter a lowstatus niche in the process of collective upward mobility of such niche.

Diversification and Status Signals in the Art World and the Art Markets: A Case of the Fine Art Photography Galleries of New York

박찬웅 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2009 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.38 No.1

Recent studies of the art markets and the art world show the importance of genres, status and identity of organizations such that these can be conceptualized in organizational studies as the issue of niches and status. Organizational studies, however, have not examined cultural organizations like art galleries despite the relevance of niches, status and identity of such organizations. In this study, I focus on fine art photography in New York’s fine art galleries to examine how diversification of genres (e.g., photography, painting or sculpture) as the status and niches of these galleries interact with each other in the context of collective mobility of the photography genres. The resource-partitioning theory demonstrates that the degree of market concentration differently affects the survival chance of generalists and specialists. The status-based theory adds that a high-status organization would be constrained to enter low-status market domains to avoid lowering its status. Combining both theories, status and niche width would influence organizations’ survival and consequent distribution of organizations across niches. In this analysis, I show that there is a higher degree of cross-pollination of photography with specific genres such as paintings or sculptures than with other genres, and I discuss several factors on cross-pollination. They collectively enhance the status of fine art photography within the contemporary art world, the interests of collectors from other contemporary art genres, the multi-medium orientation of contemporary artists, and the rise of photography art auctions and art fairs is a new type of markets for photography. At the organizational level, a gallery’s status as measured by critical attention of key critics has a U-shaped correlation with its niche width or genre diversification. Based on such correlation, I propose a “status spill-over” as opposed to “status leak” argument, in which high-status organizations selectively enter a low-status niche in the process of collective upward mobility of such niche.

신・재생에너지 중장기 인력 수요 전망 및 인력양성 방향 연구

이유아,이동준,허은녕,김민지,최혁준 한국기술혁신학회 2011 기술혁신학회지 Vol.14 No.4

The importance of new・renewable energy is emphasized not only new growth engine but also the key solution for the exhaustion problem of fossil energy and environment problem. For the steady growth of new・renewable energy industry, securing related labor force is an essential factor. In this study, the status on labor force of new・renewable energy industry was identified and forecasted the labor force demand of new・renewable energy in 2015 by reflecting the industrial growth outlook on the new・renewable energy. For the quantitative analysis methodology, the stock approach of Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the United States was applied. Also by performing survey on the experts, the opinions of experts on supply and demand of new・renewable energy labor force or worker training programs have been gathered. As a result of study, it has been analyzed that nearly 20% annual growth rate will be shown as the labor force demand in the field of new・renewable energy industry increases from 14,100 people in 2010 to 33,200 people in 2015. In the survey on experts, we could find that a plan for supplying labor force must be prepared promptly in order to accomplish new・renewable energy supply objectives and industrial growth objectives by our country in the future as the supply of new・renewable energy labor force is currently insufficient. Also, it has been analyzed that the effort for deciding the proper new・renewable energy labor force training program standard will be necessary. This study result could be used as a material of labor force training plan for the steady growth of new・renewable energy industry in the future. 신・재생에너지 인력은 신・재생에너지 산업의 지속적인 성장을 위한 필수 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 신・재생에너지 산업의 인력 현황을 파악하고, 신・재생에너지 산업성장전망을 반영하여 2015년 신・재생에너지 인력수요를 전망하였다. 정량 분석방법론으로는 미국 노동통계국(BLS)의 저량접근법(stock approach)을 응용하였다. 또한 설문을 통하여 신・재생에너지 인력 수급 및 인력양성 프로그램에 대한 전문가들의 의견을 수렴하였다. 연구결과 신・재생에너지 산업 부문의 인력수요증가가 2010년에 1.4만 명에서 2015년에 3.3만 명으로 증가하여 연평균 20%에 가까운 증가율을 보일 것으로 분석되었다. 전문가 설문에서는 현재 신・재생에너지 인력 공급량 부족으로 앞으로 우리나라 신・재생에너지 보급 및 산업 성장 목표달성을 위하여 인력 공급대책이 조속히 마련되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 적절한 신・재생에너지 인력 양성 프로그램 수준 결정을 위한 노력이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 지속적인 신・재생에너지 산업 발전을 위한 인력 양성 방안에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

신중년세대와 노인의 청력상태가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향요인

오지영,김석환,김한성 한국학교·지역보건교육학회 2019 한국학교지역보건교육학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Objectives: There are few studies which reflects of each generation’s own features, of the New Middle Age and the Elderly’s hearing status and their quality of life even though the population of old age has been weighted as baby boom generation’s entering into old age. This study is to identify the effects of the new middle age and the elderly’s hearing status on their quality of life and to prepare the customized health policies for their health promotion and quality of life improvement as well as the base line data for hearing enhancement programs. Methods: This study was analyzed using the data of the 7th term of the National Health and Nutrition Survey of the Disease Management headquarters. Out of 8,150 adults over the age of 50 who participated in the hearing test, 3,306 were selected and analyzed. Results: At the result of identifying the correlation of hearing status and the quality of life between the New Middle Age and the Elderly, it was confirmed that hearing loss affects low quality of life. The average of quality of life between the New Middle Age and the Elderly was 0.95 and 0.85 each, resulting in higher quality of life in New Middle Age than in the Elderly. The factors affecting the quality of life of the New Middle Age were the level of the education, household income, the type of health insurance, subjective health status. The factors affecting the quality of life of the Elderly were gender, the type of health insurance, subjective health status. Conclusion: Hearing loss of the New Middle Age and the Elderly affects their low quality of life. Therefore the development and the provision of policy program is needed, so as to maintain and manage hearing through age-specific health education. It is expected that the second half of the New Middle Age’s life will be much happier, if not taking the treatment-oriented approach of hearing loss only but strengthening the education needed for the maintenance and the management of healthy hearing at their work place, where 50 and 60 generations’ workforce has been increased.

신・재생에너지 중장기 인력 수요 전망 및 인력양성 방향 연구

이유아(Youah Lee),이동준(Dongjun Lee),허은녕(Eunnyeong Heo),김민지(Minji Kim),최혁준(Hyukjoon Choi) 한국기술혁신학회 2011 기술혁신학회지 Vol.14 No.1

신?재생에너지 인력은 신?재생에너지 산업의 지속적인 성장을 위한 필수 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 신?재생에너지 산업의 인력 현황을 파악하고, 신?재생에너지 산업성장전망을 반영하여 2015년 신?재생에너지 인력수요를 전망하였다. 정량 분석방법론으로는 미국 노동통계국(BLS)의 저량접근법(stock approach)을 응용하였다. 또한 설문을 통하여 신?재생에너지 인력 수급 및 인력양성 프로그램에 대한 전문가들의 의견을 수렴하였다. 연구결과 신?재생에너지 산업 부문의 인력수요증가가 2010년에 1.4만 명에서 2015년에 3.3만 명으로 증가하여 연평균 20%에 가까운 증가율을 보일 것으로 분석되었다. 전문가 설문에서는 현재 신?재생에너지 인력 공급량 부족으로 앞으로 우리나라 신?재생에너지 보급 및 산업 성장 목표달성을 위하여 인력 공급대책이 조속히 마련되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 적절한 신?재생에너지 인력 양성 프로그램 수준 결정을 위한 노력이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 지속적인 신?재생에너지 산업 발전을 위한 인력 양성 방안에 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The importance of new?renewable energy is emphasized not only new growth engine but also the key solution for the exhaustion problem of fossil energy and environment problem. For the steady growth of new?renewable energy industry, securing related labor force is an essential factor. In this study, the status on labor force of new?renewable energy industry was identified and forecasted the labor force demand of new?renewable energy in 2015 by reflecting the industrial growth outlook on the new?renewable energy. For the quantitative analysis methodology, the stock approach of Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the United States was applied. Also by performing survey on the experts, the opinions of experts on supply and demand of new?renewable energy labor force or worker training programs have been gathered. As a result of study, it has been analyzed that nearly 20% annual growth rate will be shown as the labor force demand in the field of new?renewable energy industry increases from 14,100 people in 2010 to 33,200 people in 2015. In the survey on experts, we could find that a plan for supplying labor force must be prepared promptly in order to accomplish new?renewable energy supply objectives and industrial growth objectives by our country in the future as the supply of new?renewable energy labor force is currently insufficient. Also, it has been analyzed that the effort for deciding the proper new?renewable energy labor force training program standard will be necessary. This study result could be used as a material of labor force training plan for the steady growth of new?renewable energy industry in the future.

부상하는 중국의 자기인식 변화와 국제사회에서의 지위경쟁에 대한 이론적 실증적 고찰: 상하이협력기구(SCO)에서의 중국의 역할 강화를 중심으로

조비연 ( Bee Yun Jo ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2016 東亞 硏究 Vol.35 No.2

2000년대 후반부터 대두된 중국의 공세적 외교행태(new assertiveness) 에 대한 국제정치논의는 현실주의와 구성주의적 접근으로 이분화되어 이루어져 왔다. 현실주의는 중국의 경제력/군사력 증대라는 물질적 변인을, 구성주의는 중국의 국제사회에서의 자기인식/지위추구라는 비물질 동인을 강조한다. 이 가운데 본고는 각 시각을 대표하는 William C. Wohlforth 와 Yong Deng의 연구를 비교해제하여 실질적으로는 현실주의와 구성주의가 공통된 전제들을 기반하고 있음을 밝히는 현실주의적-구성주의(realist-constructivism)라는 이론적 접근을 주장한다. 또한 본고는 기존 연구들이 중국의 세력증대/인식변화라는 변인들과 중국의 대외행태/정책변화 사이의 실증적인 연관관계를 보여주는 데 미흡하다고 주장한다. 이를 극복하기 위해 중국이 주도적으로 참여하는 상하이협력기구(SCO)를 주요 사례로, 중국이 어떻게 국제사회에서의 지위를 확립하고 새롭게 ‘자기주장’(new assertiveness)을 관철시키는지를 실증분석하고자 하였다. This article is a theoretical and empirical investigation on China`s concerns for ‘international status’ in explaining China`s ‘new assertiveness’ in the 2010s. While many relevant studies on China, since 2008, debate on whether China shifted to new, abrasive, assertive external policy, these studies are found to be rather limited in both theoretical and contextual rigor in identifying the actual mechanism where China`s conception of its status and the world order plays a critical role in China`s policy changes. For theoretical elaboration, this article develops an eclectic realist-constructivist framework of status competition on the basis of existing IR literatures, especially the works by Yong Deng (constructivist) and William C. Wohlforth (realist) on status competition. On the basis of the framework, this article devises testable hypotheses that can outline how China`s conception of self-status is formed (main variables), changed, and influenced China`s allegedly newly assertive external behaviors in the international system. For contextual rigor and testing of the status factor in explaining the modus operandi of China, the latter section of the article focuses on China`s activities within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) - which many point out as the ‘exemplary’ case of China`s new diplomacy ­ as the central empirical test-bed for the article`s analysis.

현대 신한복의 니트 소재 활용 현황

신자영,장민정 한국니트디자인학회 2020 패션과 니트 Vol.18 No.2

A variety of changes are being attempted with traditional culture in modern society. Traditional Hanbok has also been fused with modern clothes, changing into New-Hanbok that can be styled in various ways to suit individual preferences. Rich in elasticity, knit has the characteristic that it can easily be adjusted to a wearer’s body even when the knitwear is not the right size. Hanbok is suitable for utilizing knit because knit wears are similar to Hanbok in that ease parts are folded and arranged after the clothes are worn. The aim of this study is to analyze the frequency of knit material use and present condition of knit material application in New-Hanbok by year. This research is meaningful in that it examines the various possibilities of using knit in Korean costume and to further develop Korean costume and the knit industry. The research materials were 1449 pieces of New-Hanbok by designers who participated in the New-Hanbok development project conducted by Hanbok Advancement Center from 2014 to 2019. The works were classified by year and type(coats, layering coats, tops, bottoms, and one-piece clothing), and the frequency of using knit materials and the types of their use were examined. Of the entire New-Hanbok pieces, those using knit materials accounted for 15.04%, and 86.69% of them used knit as the main material. The use of knit materials in New-Hanbok has been gradually increasing year by year, and the percentage of using knit as the main material has been increasing as well. The use rate of knit has been on the increase for all types of clothes, and the frequency of using knit materials was found to be higher for coats and one-piece clothing than for tops and bottoms.

The impact of K‑beauty social media influencers, sponsorship, and product exposure on consumer acceptance of new products

WANG LEI,이진화 한국의류학회 2021 Fashion and Textiles Vol.8 No.1

This research identified the different ways in which K-beauty social media influencers (SMIs) impact consumers’ tendencies to accept new products by closely investigating their sponsorship displays and product exposure methods. We conducted an experiment to examine how influencers’ posts affect Chinese millennial consumers’ acceptance of new products. We used a 2 (influencer type: celebrity versus general public) × 2 (sponsorship display status: display versus no display) × 2 (product exposure method: exposure versus no exposure) factorial design. The findings reveal that the social media posts that made consumers most likely to accept a new product were created by a general public influencer and did not include a display of any sponsorship affiliation with the product. Additionally, there was a significant interplay between the influencer type, sponsorship display status, and product exposure method regarding consumers’ acceptance intention toward a new product. A consumer was most likely to accept and purchase a new product when three factors (general public influencer, sponsorship displayed, and product exposed) were combined. Based on the findings, we draw important implications and present marketing strategies for companies in the beauty industry that use SMI marketing.

영어 도치 구문의 요인 분석에 따른 코퍼스 기반연구

이희정,안동환 한국언어과학회 2011 언어과학 Vol.18 No.4

Many scholars have claimed that constituent ordering is dependent on either syntactic complexity or information status, but very few have made a comparison of the two factors. The purpose of this study is to show that both factors influence ordering. Specifically it shows that inversion in English can be regarded as being motivated by both relative syntactic weight and relative information status and that there is a correlation between them. The data used for this study are English inversion constructions found in ICE-GB. This study uses a word-counting metric to investigate syntactic weight, and a given-new pair to investigate information status. The results of this study confirm that, most tokens are post-heavy and post-new. The new elements tend to be complex, but the given ones tend to be simple. Inversion serves to maintain the relative information status, where the newer information is presented at the end of the sentence. Similarly, inversion serves to maintain the distribution of syntactic weight in which the heavier elements are delayed to the end of the sentence. This study concludes that both syntactic complexity and information status are equally influential in constituent ordering in English inversion constructions

Revision of the Barsine punicea Moore, 1878 species-group, with descriptions of two new species and two new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)

Anton V. Volynkin,Karel Černý,Maria S. Ivanova 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.3

The Barsine puniceaMoore, 1878 species-group is revised. Two new species, Barsine bachma Volynkin & Černý, sp. nov. (Central Vietnam and Hainan, China) and Barsine sirikitae Volynkin & Černý, sp. nov. (North Thailand), and two new subspecies, Barsine punicea kachina Volynkin & Černý, ssp. nov. (North Myanmar) and Barsine bachma bolovena Volynkin & Černý, ssp. nov. (South Laos) are described. Barsine punicea melanandra Černý, 2009 is upgraded to the species level: Barsine melanandra Černý, 2009, stat. nov.Miltochrista rothschildiDraudt, 1914 is synonymized with Barsine punicea and downgraded to the subspecies status: Barsine punicea rothschildi (Draudt, 1914), syn. & stat. nov. The lectotype for Miltochrista coccineaRothschild, 1913 is designated. Adult, male and female genitalia are illustrated.