비육돈사 공기중 분진 수준에 대한 시계열적 분석 및 돈사내외부 분진 수준 비교분석

김형아,김창열,Ravi Gautam,양수정,Manju Acharya,조지훈,Anju Maharjan,신소정,송은섭,이윤범,김효철,김경란,이경숙,허용 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the secular changes in indoor airborne dust or endotoxin levels in the dust from swine confinement buildings. Indoor levels were compared with the level at the exhaust outlet in order to examine the contribution potential of indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust. Methods: Comparisons were made on inhalable and respirable dust levels reported in 2002, 2012, and 2017 from 14, 10, and 36 swine fattening confinement buildings in Korea, respectively. This data was produced by the same research group. Levels of endotoxin adsorbed into inhalable or respirable dust were also compared. Samples of inhalable or respirable dust were collected indoors and at exhaust outlets from 17 swine fattening confinement buildings in 2019, and dust levels were compared between the indoor and the outlet. Results: The outlet inhalable dust level (0.111 mg/m3 ) was approximately 19% of that from indoors, and the respirable dust level (0.033 mg/m3 ) was approximately 74% of that from indoors. The outlet respirable dust levels were lower than the airborne fine dust levels in the towns where those farms are located. No significant difference was observed in the inhalable dust levels among the years examined, but the respirable dust level in 2017 (0.143 mg/m3 ) was significantly lower than in 2002 (0.328 mg/m3 ). The level of endotoxin in inhalable dust was significantly higher in 2017 (722 EU/m3 ) than in both 2002 (75 EU/m3 ) and 2012 (171 EU/m3 ). Conclusion: Even though no apparent contribution from swine farm indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust was observed in terms of amount, a certain control strategy to reduce the production of airborne dust and endotoxin from swine farms is merited.

미세먼지의 유해환경

김미경(Mi-Kyung Kim) 한국환경관리학회 2019 環境管理學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

대기 중의 먼지는 여러 가지 질병으로 인한 조기 사망률을 높인다는 것이 널리 알려진 사실이다. 현대인들은 90% 이상의 시간을 실내에서 보내며, 실내의 먼지는 대기의 먼지농도, 구성 성분에서 크게 다를 수가 있다. 대기먼지 농도 대비 실내공기 먼지농도의 비율은 대기 중의 초미세먼지가 미세먼지보다 실내 침투율이 높으며, 50% 이상이 초미세먼지의 실내 먼지농도가 대기 중의 농도보다 높다는 사실을 보고하고 있다. 실내공기 중에 부유하는 먼지는 실외에서 여러 경로를 통해 유입될 수 있지만, 실내 공기 중의 가스 상태의 휘발성 유기화합물을 먼지로 변환시킴으로써 실내에서 스스로 생성되기도 한다. 실내에는 많은 다른 먼지 오염원이 존재한다. 유해환경으로서의 미세먼지에 대한 교육의 필요성도 절실하다. 현재 우리가 마주하고 있는 미세먼지의 근원적 해결방법과 건강을 위협하는 미세먼지에 대한 정확한 지식과 정보가 필요하다. It is widely known that atmospheric dust increases the early mortality rate due to various diseases. Modern people spend more than 90 percent of their time indoors, and indoor dust can be very different from the dust concentration and composition of the atmosphere. The ratio of indoor air dust concentration to atmospheric dust concentration is higher than that of fine dust in the atmosphere, and more than 50% of indoor dust concentration in ultrafine dust is higher than that of the atmosphere. Floating dust in indoor air can be introduced through various channels from the outdoors, but it can be generated indoors by converting volatile organic compounds in the gas state in the indoor air into dust. There are many other dust sources in the room. The necessity of education on fine dust as harmful environment is also urgent. We need accurate knowledge and information about the fundamental solution of fine dust that we are facing and fine dust that threatens health.

실내 먼지에서 진균의 분포

신두만 ( Du Man Shin ),김쌍용 ( Ssang Young Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2002 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.34 No.2

Pathogenic and non- pathogenic fungi have been isolated from the indoor dust, the closest environnment of human beings. our Purpose was to investigate the distribution of fungus in indoor dust. Indoor dust was sampled from 20 families in Taegu for 2 months from July to Aug, 2002. The following were the most common genera in the indoor dust Aspergillus (286 strains) , Penicillium (182), Alternaria (75), Cladosporum (68), Trichophyton(T.) mentagrophytes (32), Nigrosporum (15) and Chatonium, Phoma, Rhizopus (1 3). Distribution of 286 strains of 8 Aspergillus species from the indoor dust was as follows: common species were A. versicolor (21.7%), A. flavμ, s (14.4%), A. ochraceus (12.3%), A. fumigatus (3.9%), and A. glaucus (0.7%). τ mentagrophytes subtypes were isolates from indoor dust singly in 6, and doubly twos in 2 of the 20 families.

육군실내사격장 고무판 탄두회수시설 설치 후 납(РЬ)노출 실태 조사

이종태 ( Lee Jongtae ),최수정 ( Choi Sujung ) 국군의무사령부 2017 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: As bullet hit steel plate-type bullet recovery facility, the lead inside bullet is scattered in the form of dust. Thus, it was founded that workers who manage indoor firing range were poisoned with lead. To solve the lead dust problem and to normalize the indoor shooting range, the army installed rubber plate-type bullet recovery facility at army indoor firing range. By investigating lead concentration in air in indoor shooting range and actual lead exposure of fire controllers, we intend to apply the results to reduce lead exposure and improve ventilation facilities. Methods: Targeting 12 units of the army indoor firing range, we measured lead concentration during shooting training depending on the individual and the area. Personal lead concentration samples were corrected from instructor, safety controllers, ammunition manager, assistants, and shooters, during shooting practice. The area samples were divided into three areas (Fire area, trajectory-area, and target area), and lead concentration by location was measured. Measurement and analysis methods followed the KOSHA GUIDE A-2-2015 guidelines. Results: By replacing with rubber plate-type bullet recovery facility, lead dust in target area was significantly reduced. In addition, in rubber plate-type bullet recovery facility system, the entire amount of bullet can be recovered, which has the advantage of resource recycling. However, the exposure lead concentration of fire controllers did not decrease significantly after installing. Conclusions: Because the fire controllers are located at a distance or 25m or more apart from the target area, so it is not affected by lead dust occurred from target area. The fire controllers are exposed to lead dust contained in the percussion gas during shooting, thus it is affected by shooting frequency and ventilation facility, rather than type of plates. To reduce the fire controller's lead exposure, first, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the ventilation facility to discharge the percussion gas to the outside. Second, lead, a hazardous substance, must be replaced by another substance. The environmentally bullet or TMJ (Total Metal Jacket) that replaced lead with copper should be introduced to prevent lead dust generated from firing. It is urgent to improve the army indoor firing range, which is not enough for ventilation, through establishing the design standard for ventilation facility to be applied to indoor firing range.

Human exposure to HBCD and TBBPA via indoor dust in Korea: Estimation of external exposure and body burden

Barghi, Mandana,Shin, Eun-su,Kim, Jong-chul,Choi, Sung-Deuk,Chang, Yoon-Seok Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Human exposure to brominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) mainly occurs through diet and dust ingestion. In this study, the BFR concentrations in 124 vacuum dust samples of six categories of indoor environments (homes, offices, kindergartens, cars, schools, and public indoor environments) and 32 surface dust samples were investigated. The median ΣHBCD concentrations ranged from 106.30ngg<SUP>−1</SUP> in home dust to 496.13ngg<SUP>−1</SUP> in office dust. The TBBPA concentrations in indoor dust (from 78.87 to 463.81ngg<SUP>−1</SUP>) were among the highest compared to other countries because of the high market demand for this flame retardant in Korea. The TBBPA concentrations in surface dust of living rooms were significantly higher (p<0.05) than sleeping rooms, due to the presence of more electrical equipment in living rooms. The estimated daily intakes (EDI) of ΣHBCD and TBBPA (dust+diet) for toddlers were 6.18ngkg<SUP>−1</SUP> bwd<SUP>−1</SUP> and 2.54ngkg<SUP>−1</SUP> bwd<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. In general, the ΣHBCD estimated body burden of Korean adults showed good agreement with the reported ΣHBCD median concentrations in their sera. Since the developmental health effect of exposure to HBCD was categorized as “high hazard” by the US Environmental Protection Agency, the estimated high body burden of ΣHBCD in Korean toddlers (7.91ngg<SUP>−1</SUP> lw) warns us of possible adverse effects on the development of essential systems in their bodies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> High concentrations of TBBPA were found in indoor dust in Korea. </LI> <LI> Food is the main contributor in ΣHBCD daily intake for Korean adults. </LI> <LI> The estimated ΣHBCD body burden of Korean toddlers was 7.91ngg<SUP>−1</SUP> lw. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Characteristics of Indoor Fine Dust Concentration in Underground Commercial Space

So-Hyun Park,Yeon-Ji Choi,Hyun Jeong Seo,Jeong-Hun Lee,Sumin Kim 한국생활환경학회 2014 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Recently, fine dust has tended to increase because of ‘yellow dust’ from China, desertification, and industrialization. Such dusts affect the human body negatively. However, the problem of fine has not been examined except from an air pollutant point of view. Thus, there is an urgent need for solutions to the fine dust problem. In this study, we examined fine dust and analyzed them, according to actual conditions, measuring indoor fine dust in an underground shopping area. Also, based on this study, solutions drawn from the causes of indoor fine dust can help to improve the indoor environment.

Occurrence of bisphenols and phthalates in indoor dust collected from Korean homes

이병천,윤효정,이병우,김필제,문효방,김영훈 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

Indoor environments are a major source of exposure to contaminants for children owing to long indoorresidence time. In particular, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as bisphenols and phthalates, whichare widely used in household products, are one of the major contaminants in indoor air or dust. Bisphenols and phthalates are ubiquitous in consumer products including toys, packaging, andcosmetics. We investigated the occurrence of 8 bisphenol and 16 phthalate analogues in the indoor dustcollected from 49 houses in Korea. The results showed that the concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were the highest in indoor dust. This was due to the large productionvolume and relatively low vapor pressure of these compounds. Finally, we attempted tofind a correlationbetween the BPA and DEHP concentrations in indoor dust. A boomerang-shaped pattern was observedbetween the DEHP and BPA concentrations. It was concluded that the high concentration of DEHP in onepart of the boomerang curve might be due to the increase in the usage of plastic products with age.

주거건물에서 행위 별 미세먼지 발생 특성 분석

김재형(Jaehyung Kim),송두삼(Doosam Song) 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

In recent day, most people are afraid of exposure to fine dust. Also, the risk of fine dust is increased. So people don’t go outside and open the window to ventilate their home because of the afraid of the fine dust. Almost of the fine dust comes from outside, but sometimes these are generated by indoor activities such as cleaning, cooking and air freshing. In this study, 6 different fine particle generating activities were analyzed in a full-scaled residential building. Light scattering measurement equipment was used to measure concentration of fine dust (PM10) and ultra fine dust (PM2.5). The measurement results showed that the highest concentration activity was frying a mackerel by about 20μg/m³. The lowest concentration was observed from cleaning cases. Also the highest generation rate(μg/m³min) was observed from frying a mackerel and the lowest was observed from the case of cleaning in living room. Air freshener spray and Scented candle showed the high concentration level compared to those of the cleaning.

섬유 바닥재의 먼지 발생률 측정 방법

김주용,장준형,김민선,Kim, Joo-Yong,Jang, Joon-Hyung,Kim, Min-Sun 한국섬유공학회 2007 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.44 No.2

Airborne particles emitted from geologic media pose threat to human health and the environment worldwide due to expansion of infrastructure development to serve increasing population. Currently, most people make a living indoors. We know indoor atmosphere has a great effects to human's health. So we need to know a method of measuring the dust emission rate. We devised dust emission and measuring machine. This machine is connected to an acrylic box and an optical particle counter(OPC). A dust is originated by scratching machine in the box. Then dust emission rate, dust size and numbers are measured by OPC. The main aim of this study is standardization of the dust emission rate for textile coverings using this data.

주거건물의 실내외 미세먼지 측정에 의한 실외 미세먼지의 실내 영향도 평가 기초연구

강동화(Kang, Dong Hwa),최동희(Choi, Dong Hee) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2015 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.9 No.6

Indoor particle concentration is partly affected by penetration of outdoor particle through building envelopes. Therefore, understanding particle penetration phenomenon in buildings is crucial for evaluation of indoor air pollution caused by fine particle. The objective of the present work is to investigate the impact of outdoor dust on indoor dust level in residential buildings. Field measurements to examine concentration ratio between indoor and outdoor particles (I/O ratio) were carried out in a residential housing unit located in Daegu, Korea. The I/O ratio of size-resolved particle, ranging from 0.3μm to 10.0μm, was compared to examine the impact of outdoor particle on indoors. The results showed that the I/O ratio of small particle (less than 1.0μm) is higher than that of large particle(larger than 3.0μm). The study also showed that the I/O ratio in the day with higher infiltration was higher in the day with lower infiltration, indicating that the building infiltration rate is related to particle penetration