The Impact of How Often Students Use Mobile Devices on Their Perceptions of the Usefulness and Convenience of the Devices

고인아,김연 한국교육공학회 2023 Educational Technology International Vol.24 No.2

This paper explores the impact of mobile device usage frequency in the classroom on students’ perceptions of their use. To assess this, we created a survey that measured students’ perceived frequency, usefulness, and convenience of using mobile devices, using a reversed Technology Acceptance Model. Through the analysis of responses from 781 Korean students, utilizing confirmatory item factor analyses and a structural equation mixture model, we found that the effect of frequent mobile device use on students’ positive perceptions is non-linear. As the frequency reaches to a certain level, the effect sizes of the frequency in the positive perceptions diminishes. Additionally, students who used mobile devices less frequently in class reported higher levels of difficulties in using the devices. This study introduces a tool for evaluating multiple aspects of students’ perceptions regarding mobile device use and offers a framework for understanding the relationship between usage frequency, usefulness, and convenience.

日本語におけるあいづちの使用頻度に関する考察 – 母語・会話人数を要因とした統計分析から –

유동문 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소 2022 日本硏究 Vol.- No.93

In this paper, based on conversations using Japanese, the frequency of use of aizuchi in communication that accompanies non-verbal behaviors is analyzed and considered. As shown in previous studies, the Japanese language is characterized by its high frequency. However, the study on the frequency of use of Aizuchi still remains a task. In this paper, the native language of Japanese speakers and the number of people participating in communication were set as independent variables, and statistical analysis was performed on whether the frequency of use of aizuchi was affected by the independent variables. Through the results of statistical analysis, it was considered as follows. First, the frequency of use of aizuchi was found to be high when the speaker using aizuchi was a native Japanese speaker and when the listener was a Japanese language learner. In this regard, when the other party is a Japanese language learner, it is assumed that the opposite party frequently uses the phrase to positively indicate that the other party understands the content of the utterance. Second, the frequency of use of aizuchi was higher when there were 2 people than when there were 3 people participating in communication. In this regard, when three people communicate, it is assumed that the situation where there is one other listener besides himself is the cause of lowering the frequency of use of aizuchi.

日本語として日常語化した外来語

李炳萬(Lee Byungman) 동아시아일본학회 2021 일본문화연구 Vol.- No.77

본고에서는 외래어가 어떻게 일본어에 침투해 가는지를 여중고생이나 여대생이 많이 읽고 있는 패션잡지를 통해서 의의를 분류했다. 그리고 설문 자료를 사용하여 외래어가 어느 정도 일본어에 정착했는지, 일상에서 어느 정도 외래어를 사용하고 있는지, 외래어에 대하여 어떻게 생각하고 있는지, 즉 외래어의 사용상황에 대하여 고찰하였다. 그 결과 역시나 패션잡지여서 그런지 패션관련 어휘가 가장 많았다. 다음으로 동작 항목이 많았지만, 패션관련 항목과는 크게 차이가 나지 않았다. 이것으로 보아 패션과 동작은 깊은 관련성이 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 외래어의 정착도에서는 전체의 기준에서 인지율이 90%를 넘는 말을 순서대로 보면 전체(특히 60세 이상)에서 가장 인지율이 높았던 말이 「リストラ」라는 말이었다. 버블 붕괴 후의 불황의 일본경제의 세태가 잘 나타나 있는 것 같다. 그 밖에 상위를 차지한 말은 「リストラ」, 「ストレス」, 「ボランティア」, 「リサイクル」, 「プライバシー」로 현대사회가 앉고 있는 문제를 명시하고 있어, 사회현상과 말, 특히 외래어가 어느 정도 깊이 관여하고 있다는 것을 여실히 반영하고 있다. 사용빈도는 「台所」가 가장 높고, 연령과 성별에 따라 차이가 보였다. 「ぶどう酒」보다 「ワイン」을 사용하는 사람의 비율은 연령층이 높아짐에 따라 낮아지지만, 그렇다고는 해도 과반수를 넘기고 있었다. 「スーツ」와 「背広」에서는 「スーツ」를 주로 사용하는 비율은 여성이 높았고, 연령별에서는 젊은층일수록 「スーツ」를 사용하는 비율이 높았고, 10대와 20대에서는 80%이상을 보이고 있었다. 한편, 「背広」는 50세 이상에서 「スーツ」보다 사용률이 높게 나와 있었다. 외래어의 사용상황에서는 성별, 연령별을 보아도 “자주 사용한다”는 비율은 남성 40대보다 높은 연령층에서 60%를 넘겼고, 반대로 여성 30대에서는 50% 이하를 보였다. 또한 “사용한다”의 비율은 남성 40대에서 91.3%로 가장 높게 나타났고 여성 60세 이상에서 80.9%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 그렇다고는 하지만, 어느 쪽이든 80% 이상으로 높은 비율을 보이고 있다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본다면 많은 일본인이 현재 사용하고 있는 외래어가 과인 사용되고 있다고 느끼는 점도 알 수 있었다. This essay discusses how the loan words spread in the fashion magazines widely read by the junior high school and high school girls, to comprehend several features of the use of the loan words. Further, the results of the questionnaire survey are used to consider the situation of the use of the loan word: how the loan words are popularly used, how the loan word are used in the daily life, and how Japanese think about the loan words. As a result, “ファッション関係” is the most popularly used, like the fashion magazines as they are. The secondary popular loan word belongs to a category of “action”, but there is not a large difference in the frequency of use these two categories. In the survey of the spread of the loan word, if the words of the recognition rate of over 90% based on the whole, “リストラ” is the word whose recognition rate is the highest. The sad result must reflect the economic recession of Japan after the burst of bubble economy. Further, the words of the high recognition rate are “リストラ”, “ストレス”, “ボランティア”, “リサイクル”, and “プライバシー”, all of which clearly suggest the problems of the contemporary society and realistically reflect the relation of the social phenomenon with the words, especially loan words. The word of the most highest frequency of use is “台所”, although there is a difference of the frequency of use among the ages and sexes. Compareing the rates of the use “ワイン” and “ぶどう酒”, the rate of the use of the “ぶどう酒” becomes higher in the high age group, but the people more than 50% uses “ワイン”. According to “スーツ” and “背広”, the women uses “スーツ” much more than the men. By age, the young generation uses “スーツ” much more than the other generations, and more than 80% of the young generation prefer using “スーツ”. In the generation of 50 years old or more, “背広” is popularly used than “スーツ”. Concerning to the situation of use of the loan words, the rate of people who answered “I use frequently” is more than 60% in the generation of 40s or more of men, and 50% or less in 30s of women. Further, the rate of people who answered “I use” is 91.3% in 40s of men, which is the highest value, and 80.9% among the 60 years old or more women, which is the lowest. Both of the two values, however, are more than 80%, which shows the high frequency of use. The results of this essay indicates that a lot of Japanese are worried about the overuse of the loan words.

인지적 몰입과 과거사용 그리고 습관이 자동사용에 미치는 영향 -페이스북 사용자를 중심으로

이웅규 ( Woong Kyu Lee ) 한국정보시스템학회 2014 情報시스템硏究 Vol.23 No.1

Recently, theoretical interests in automatic uses, which can be activated without conscious intention, have been increased. According to previous studies, automatic uses are known to be determined by the strength of habit, the frequency of past uses, and emotional experiences such as cognitive absorption. Concerned on the influences of the above three factors on automatic uses, this paper suggested the following research questions: ‘Which effect of cognitive absorption on automatic considering habit?’ and ‘Does the frequency of past uses always influence habit?’. In order to answer the research questions, this study suggested a research model which would explain the relationship among cognitive absorption, habit, and uses. Especially, cognitive absorption is formed as a moderating variable of the relationship between past use and habit, and the relationships among variables are longitudinally expanded. The suggested research model was empirically tested by surveying 175 ‘Facebook’ users and analysed by partial least square (PLS), which showed the suggested hypotheses are significant. This results answered the research questions as followed: First, cognitive absorption moderates the relationship between habit and automatic use. Second, the frequency of past uses would not always influence the formulation of habit rather but may be influenced by habit.

성별에 따른 국어 담화 표지 사용 모습 : 중·고등학생 이야기대화를 바탕으로

임규홍 한국어문학회 2004 語文學 Vol.0 No.83

This paper is concerned with how differently men and women use discourse maker which is known as a particular discourse maker shown only in spoken language. First, what difference do men and women show in the frequency of using discourse makers? What is the reason for this difference? I hope to obtain the answer through analyzing some data. Therefore, the things I would like to anticipate in this study are two fold: one is to investigate the differences between men's language and women's through the result of discourse marker according to gender and the other to analogize the recognizing of differences between men and women inductively. In this study I analyze discourse makers by gender shown by middle and high school students' talking when they are alone. The following are the results. (1) Men is higher than women in the frequency of discourse maker use. (2) Men use more kinds of discourse makers than women and both men and women use 8 discourse makers in average. (3) Men and women use ‘아/어/으’ discourse makers most. (4) Men use ‘마’ more than women and woman use ‘머’ more than men. (5) Women use more a interrogative discourse maker than men. (6) Men use ‘그’ and ‘저’ more than women and use ‘이’ less than women in a demonstrative discourse maker. (7) Women is higher than men in the frequency of conjunctional discourse maker. (8) Men use ‘참’ and ‘딱’, which have the meaning of a degree originally, less than women and men use ‘막’, ‘인제’ and ‘마’ more than women, which are the discourse makers meaning space, time, or negation in an adverbial discourse maker. (9) Men use ‘아’ more than women and use ‘어’ less than women in a nonverbal discourse maker.

구어 사용역에 따른 한국어 교육용 부사의 사용 양상-고빈도 부사 18개를 중심으로-

이연주 ( Lee Yeon-ju ),한정한 ( Han Jeong-han ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2016 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.32

본고의 목적은 외국인 학습자들이 한국어 부사를 학습하는 데에 필요한 고빈도 부사를 선정하고 선정한 부사들의 사용 양상을 살펴보는 것이다. 부사의 사용 양상을 살펴보기 위하여 `SJ-RIKS 코퍼스 확장판`(고려대 민족문화연구원)을 이용하였다. 이 말뭉치를 통해 문어와 구어에서 나타나는 고빈도 부사들을 선정하여 사용역(registers)에 따른 사용 양상을 알아보고 문어 대비 구어에서 많이 사용되는 부사 18개를 추출하였다. 그리고 `국제통용 한국어 교육 표준 모형개발 2단계`에 제시된 어휘 등급과 말뭉치를 분석한 구어별 등급은 초급 · 중급· 고급 단계에 선정된 목록이 서로 다르게 나타났으므로 이에 대해서 논의하고 학습 단계를 제시하였다. 이 논의의 결과를 한국어 교육을 위한 목적별 교재를 제작할 때 한국어 교육 교과 과정에 반영한다면 부사 학습에 효과적인 교재를 만드는 데에 기여할 수 있다고 본다. In this study the adverbs of educational use that has to be learned by foreigners are selected, among these selected adverbs the adverbs of high frequency are selected and the register followed by usage aspects are examined. With these methods, the frequency of the high frequency adverbs in register are numerically presented while proposing the overall results. The spoken and written language presented in the calculation method “SJ-RIKS Corpus extension” are added up and converted into ratio and then the ratio occupied by that adverb is examined by relative frequency. The reason behind using relative frequency is that the data of “SJ-RIKS Corpus extension” could not give the exact ratio of spoken and written language, if it was not for relative frequency it would have been difficult to know the exact ratio. Selected educational high frequency adverbs are; perfect⁰³` `earlier,` `therefore`, `just⁰¹` `anyway,` `just`, `frankly,` `straight⁰³`, `if so`, `now⁰³`, `real`, `so`, `great`, `true`, `that`s why` `some`, `extreme`, `entire`. These are all the 18 adverbs that has to be discussed in the manuscript. The 9 adverbs here are selected as beginner level and the remaining 9 as intermediate level. The examining of the high frequency adverbs from the manuscript resulted that the high frequency adverbs presented in the level “International prevailing Korean education standard model development level 2” and the level following register shows that they have heterogenetic parts so the suggestion to move the part to another level was given.

주택용 로우탱크의 사용회수 추정에 따른 우수활용 대변기 수조 용량 산정에 관한 연구

이경희,조성우 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.9 No.4

The purpose of this study is to supply preliminary data of the frequency of used low-tank type toilets in residential houses. As the ratio of detached house is 31.9%(3,984,954) in Korea, the use of rainwater for low-tank type is more effective to reduce the amount of tap water used. To obtain the regression curve on the frequency of used toilets, the 16 students who have different family types(male and female ratio, family constituent members) carried out the questionnaire for 35days. It is investigated total frequency of used toilets for 18days, and then is examined frequency of used toilets for 17days by male and female respectively. The characteristics of rainwater is investigated using weather data of Weather forecasters from 2000 to 2003 in Korea. The decision of rainwater tank capacity is affected by the period of water shortage. It is no rain during 39days in 2000, 13days in 2001, 25days in 2002, 18days in 2003 respectively, Pusan. The frequency of used toilets is affected by the proportion of males to females. Specially, It was depended on the total used toilets by the frequency of female used toilets. As the rainwater tank capacity can be calculated by frequency of used toilets and the period of water shortage, the rainwater tank could be made as economical construction cost

中国2030青年层的互联网使用与对其社会信任的影响 ―基于2018中国家庭追踪调查数据的分析

陈晨 ( Chen Chen ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2022 中國硏究 Vol.91 No.-

This paper analyzes the characteristics of Internet use and the effect on social trust among Chinese 20s to 30s Youth by using 2018 China Family Panel Studies Data. The conclusion is as follows: Whether the Internet is the main information channel or whether the Internet is used is not a direct cause of differences in social trust among young people. Frequency and hours of Internet use have an interaction effect with Internet Usage Types respectively. The effect of increasing Internet usage frequency and hours on young people's social trust depends on the types of Internet use. For young people who are mainly learning to work, increasing frequency and hours of Internet use have a positive impact on their social trust. In other words, the Internet is a double-edged sword, and how it is used is key.

중국인 학습자들의 보조용언 사용양상 고찰 -작문 분석을 통한 사용빈도 조사 및 오류 분석

최영 ( Ying Cui ),왕정 ( Wang Jing ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2018 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.51 No.-

Verbs could be classified as main verbs and auxiliary verbs in Korean. Main verbs have actual meanings and could be used independently in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs cannot be used independently, and have to attach to predicates. They function as supportive components, and express a speaker or a subject’s psychological activities and minute differences. There are quite a few auxiliary verbs in Korean, widely used in various expressions. If Chinese students want to have a better command of Korean and a smooth communication with Koreans, it is necessary for them to gain a good understanding of Korean auxiliary verbs. However, it is not the case in reality. The author often tries to avoid using auxiliary verbs even after years of experiences in studying Korean. Therefore, the author aims to investigate whether Chinese students truly understand the meaning of auxiliary verbs and correctly use them. The author collected writing artifacts in Korean from Chinese students who study in Korea and also in China, and explored the frequency of auxiliary verb use. Then the author compared the results with the frequency from Korean native speakers in order to learn to what extent Chinese students master the Korean auxiliary verbs. (The University of Suwon · Qingdao Agricultural University)

수업용 웹사이트 활용빈도에 의한 학습자 측면의 효과 -저작 툴 학습 교과목을 중심으로-

김진곤 ( Jin Kon Kim ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2012 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.41 No.-

정보통신기술의 발달은 교육환경에 다양한 변화와 가능성을 제공하고 있는데 온라인과 오프라인의 결합을 통한 통합적 교육환경 구축과 운용은 다양한 문제 점들을 보완해주고 교육효과의 극대화를 이루게 한다. 본 연구는 디자인대학에서 저작 툴 학습 교과목을 위해 만들어진 수업용 웹사이트를 중심으로 하여 강의 현장에서 실시된 정규수업 이후 발생하는 어려움의 유무, 복습필요성, 활용과정상 문제발생여부, 수업용 웹사이트가 문제해결에 도움이 되었는지 여부 및 수업용 웹사이트에 대한 긍정적 인식정도를 조사하였다. 또한 활용빈도 정도에 대한 다섯 가지의 가설을 설정하여 수업용 웹사이트에 대해 학생들이 갖게 되는 효과들에 대한 일원배치 분산분석을 실시하였는데, 활용빈도가 높을수록 학습흥미도가 높아지며 학습이해도 또한 높아지는 것이 증명되었다. 그러나 활용빈도와 교수와의 유대감 여부는 관계없는 것으로 나타났으며, 지식습득 정도와 학습의욕 정도는 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. Development of information and communication technology offers many changes and possibilities to educational environment, Building and management of integrated educational environment through combination of online and offline will makes compensate the defect and achieve maximum educational effectiveness. The purpose of the research is to check whether the problem has been encountered after regular classes or not , feel the necessity of reviewing the lesson, whether the problem occurred during use, and did the web site helps problem solving, degree of positive cognition about web site for use in classes. One-way ANOVA was performed to the effect of students ideas of web site for use in classes by five hypotheses in use frequency. The results of the analysis are the more learner use web site frequently, the more they interested in learning and the level of understanding learning is much higher. But the level of fellowship with professor has no connection with use frequency. The more learner use web site frequently, the level of acquisition in knowledge much higher and the level of the will about learning is too.